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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of Strength- Isometric |
- grip strength, pull/push, knee/elbow |
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Types of Strength- Explosive strength/power |
- maximal force/ shortest time- jumping |
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Types of Strength- Dynamic |
- repetitive contraction- push up |
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Types of Strength- Muscular endurance |
- repeat/ maintain contraction/time flexed arm hang, sit up/time |
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Test for Strength/ Motor performanece |
- jumping (power/motor coordination) - throwing (power/ motor coordination) - running (speed: power and coordination and agility: speed and change direction) - balance (motor performance - flexibility (range of motion across joints) |
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Early Childhood Performance |
- limid data - grip strength - agility, jumping, speed, catch/throw - boys>power, girls> balance |
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Middle Childhood/Adolescent Performance 5-8 |
- transitional period - basic motor skill - speed/shuttle run, considerable increase - jumping/throwing/strength, gradual increase
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Middle Childhood/Adolescent Performance 6-14 |
- average performance in girls linear increase - gradual increase or plateau - performance>1SD below boys - throw: boys> girls - flexibility: girls>boys |
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Middle Childhood/Adolescent Performance 14-15 |
- girls: little increase in performance of strength related motor tasks - biological change: sexual maturation/fat accumulation - socio cultural factors: limited opportunity |
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Static Strength |
- linear increase boys 13/14, girls 16/17 - adolescence spurt: boys only - after 16 few girls perform as high as boys |
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Changes in Strength |
- significant increase after age 11 - boys 70-100% increase - girls 50-60% increase - relaxation time decreases with age 10 - maturation of skeletal muscle tissue
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Muscle endurance |
- arm hang at 90 degrees - girls: linear increase 5 to 17 - boys: linear increase 5 to 14, adolescent spurt |
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Abdominal Strength |
- # of sit ups in 60 sec - boys: linear increase to age 13, acceleration in adolescence - girls: linear increase to age 14, plateau |
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Jumping |
- long/vertical jump - girls: linear increase to 14, slight increase - boys: linear increase in long jump, acceleration in adolescence in vertical jump |
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Throwing |
- overhand softball throw - boys: liner increase, adolescence spurt - girls: linear increase, adolescent plateau |
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Running Speed |
- 5 yard running start - dramatic speed increase age 5 to 8 - boys: increase to 18, slight adolescent spurt - girls: increase to 14, then plateau |
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Running agility |
- shuttle run - dramatic increase in both gender from 5 to 8 - boys: increase to 18, slight increase after 13 - girls: continues increase to 14 then plateau |
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Flexibility |
- girls: more flexible, stable age 5-11, dramatic adolescent spurt - increase at 11 due to increase in sitting height and long bones - boys: decline 5 to 12, linear increase to 18 - increase after 12 due to growth in sitting height and long bone - gender difference due to different timing of growth |
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Balance |
- no dramatic gender difference - dynamic balance is greater in males |
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Maturity Associated Variation in Strength & Motor Performance in Males |
- during adolescence - early maturing boys exceed average/late strength, power and speed - due to dramatic increases in strength and power |
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Maturity Associated Variation in Strength & Motor Performance in Females |
- variation is minimal - adolescence in girls produces smaller improvements in strength and power - early maturing girls are slightly stronger |
