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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If a question on Audience comes up, I will apply it to my... |
A2 Music Video |
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If a question on Representation comes up, I will apply it to my... |
A2 Music Video |
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If a question on Genre comes up, I will apply it to my... |
AD Film Opening |
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If a question on Narrative comes up, I will apply it to my... |
AS Film Opening |
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Barthes Enigma Code- what codes from this theory apply to my Video? |
Proairetic Code Hermeneutic Code Cultural Code |
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Barthes Enigma Code- How can the Hermeneutic and Cultural codes from this theory apply to my Video? |
Hermeneutic Code/Cultural Code: The concept of schizophrenia = the main (hermeneutic code), the main mystery for audiences. It is also a cultural code, as audiences would use their understanding of culture to work out that Sasha has Schizophrenia. The fact that she has schizophrenia and the mystery behind her illness essentially drives the plot of the film.-They would get hints from shot-reverse-shots to link the girl and bear together & perhaps begin to realise something is wrong (with her) from the use of sound in the clip (i.e. the unsettling drone or the echo effect on the bears voice- makes him seem not real, or imagined). |
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Barthes Enigma Code- How can the Proairetic code from this theory apply to my Video? |
My video ends on a 'cliffhanger', thus showing the presence of this code. Audiences are left to question; who is coming in to the room?-They would have to work this out by looking at the parallel editing in the clip. The mystery at the end of the opening is central to the narrative of the film, as it is all about working out what is wrong with Sasha. |
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Barthes Enigma Code- is what type of theory? |
Narrative! |
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Is Propp's theory adhered to in my AS Film opening? |
Partially |
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How might Sasha be seen to be the anti-hero that Propp describes? |
At the beginning of the film she is portrayed as innocent, Mise en scene reveals her to be playing with her toys with her hair styled in a typically child-like fashion (plaits) and the Music box sound which plays in the background accompanies her actions to create a peaceful, fun and innocent atmosphere. BUT She Wears Black and by the end of the opening she brandishes a knife. + The 'bear' character is 'evil too' & he is an extension of her personality due to her Schizophrenia |
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As Propp said, characters do drive the Narrative of a media text, why is this so in my AS Piece? |
The fact that the girl is an anti-hero is the main plot-line, that she is both bad and good due to her Schizophrenia. |
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Why might Propp's theory be hard to apply to my AS Film particularly? |
There are only really 2/3 (depending on whether Sasha and the bear count as one) characters & The fact that Sasha has schizophrenia and is technically both the Girl and Bear character complicates things somewhat |
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What type of (Proppian) character could the mother be seen to be in my AS piece? |
Hero! She is contrasted with evil characters (Girl and Bear) via parallel editing, in which her scenes are shot in particularly high-key lighting. This lighting has connotations to all things good, purity, heaven etc. |
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Is Todorov's Narrative Theory adhered to by my AS Media piece? |
NO! |
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WHY is Todorov's Narrative Theory not adhered to in my AS Media piece? |
According to Todorov's five-step Narrative theory, the equilibrium should only be disrupted once & then restored by the end of the piece. In my film, equilibrium is disrupted on multiple occasions. |
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On what occasions is the equilibrium disrupted in my AS Piece? |
1) When the bear speaks 2) When Sasha picks up the Knife 3) When the Mother comes in to Discover Sasha wielding a Knife (this means that the film ends on a cliffhanger NOT equilibrium) |
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What Audience theories should I talk about in relation to my A2 Music Video? |
Bulmer & Katz: Uses and Gratifications Theory (here you might also want to reference Barthes Enigma Theory) Richard Dyer: Star Image George Gerbner: Cultivation Theory (Here you might also want to mention Gramsci's Hegemony Theory) |
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Bulmer and Katz Uses and Gratifications Theory is.....adhered to/not adhered to..... in my .......AS Horror Film/A2 Music Video....... |
Bulmer and Katz Uses and Gratifications Theory is adhered to in my A2 Music Video |
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HOW does my A2 Music Video adhere to the Uses and Gratifications Audience Theory? |
People watch my Music Video to be both entertained and to relate to the characters within it! |
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How are people Entertained by my Music Video? (Uses and Gratifications) What other theory does this link to? |
Cutaways, parallel editing and the construction of my narrative (aided by the song lyrics) create an air of suspense which entertains my audience in to watching the video as they question; Are the Boy and Girl going to meet? The creation of suspense/mystery to entertain my audience also means that my Music video conforms to Barthes Enigma code! |
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How are the Boy and Girl character made relatable in my A2 Music Video and what relevance does this have to Bulmer and Katz Uses and Gratifications Theory? |
Bulmer and Katz suggested that one of the reasons an audience might consume a Media Text is in order to relate to the characters within it. My target audience were aged between 13-25 years old, and arguably related to the characters in my video who fit in to this age bracket! The characters are relatable to this particular group as they appear in familiar settings- A park, Tube Station and Urban areas like Brick Lane which people of this age are likely to be familiar with or at least aware of Their clothing is relatable as the male protagonist wears trainers- something many teens/young adults wear and Jeans. The Girl also wears Dr.Marten Boots which are worn/seen to be fashionable for people within this age bracket. Props such as the Harry Potter Books they are reading, are popular with this group/generation of people. Similarly they are likely to recognise the Costa Coffee cups that the protagonists drink from as many people aged 13-25 visit this chain coffee shop. |
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Is Richard Dyer's Star Image Theory adhered to in my A2 Music Video? |
Partially- The video contains no 'stars' BUT arguably a sort of 'star; image which is often seen in Music Videos is constructed around certain characters. Audiences would not watch my Video because there is no 'star' (celebrity) in it (I was not able to have one due to budget) BUT use of close-up shots draw their eye to the boy character who performs the song. Arguably there is a 'star image' created surrounding him as he dominates the video. Furthermore close-up shots are used to create 'star image' in other Music Videos such as Taylor Swift's 'Blank Space' Music Video or Two Door Cinema Club's 'Handshake Video'. |
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George Gerbener's Cultivation theory is adhered to only partially in my Music Video, why? |
The video communicates a/the dominant ideology by representing the idea of heterosexual relationships (as seen between the boy and girl) as normal. This idea is something that my audience would have been (and perhaps not correctly) socialised to accept perhaps as a result of the idea of Hegemony that Gramsci discusses. BUT The heterosexual relationship between the Boy and Girl is not explicit, being merely implied via parallel editing, narrative, the song lyrics and the use of costume and colour (red) to link them together. Therefore it is hard to say that this theory is wholly conformed to! |
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What two theories are adhered to in my A2 Music Video, although not necessarily intentionally? |
Berger & Laura Mulvey's Male Gaze theory! |
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How are Berger and Mulvey's theories adhered to in my Music Video? |
A panning shot, surveying the body of my female character arguably allows her to be sexualised, adhering to the idea of Male Gaze. As the boy character dominates the video it is true that 'Men look, women appear'. There are multiple close-up shots of the boy character whilst he is lip-synching. Furthermore, as he is in both the narrative element and the performance element of the Music Video, he can be seen to dominate it. This is not done deliberately as it makes sense to feature the boy in both parts of my music video- he should perform the song as it is performed by a male band & singer! |
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To further enforce the idea of Male Gaze and Berger's theory within my Music video, Levi-Strauss' Binary Opposites theory can be applied, how? |
This theory emphasises the fact that the two sexes are portrayed differently. Parallel editing allows them to be Binary Opposites. |
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How might Hebdige's theory be applied to my A2 Music Video? |
Although youths aren't really presented as 'fun' or 'trouble'- BUT if anything they might be seen to be 'fun'. Body language- girl and boy smiling (especially final shot of boy laughing) goes against youth stereotypes, that they are always presented negatively (Buckingham) and makes them appear as 'fun'. |
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How does Tessa Perkin's theory and the idea of heteronormativity apply to my A2 Music Video? |
Tessa Perkins said that stereotypes are assumptions made on a group of people. My video does include an assumption made on a group (youths/couples), and this is that they are all involved in heterosexual relationships, as the Boy and Girl in my Music Video are. Their relationship is implied via parallel editing & the narrative, which tries to hint at a relationship between the boy and girl character, by having the girl drop her diary, the boy find it and them exchange phone numbers and 'meet' as a consequence. |
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1) What is the problem with applying Tessa Perkin's theory to my Video? 2) Does this mean I should apply another theory to the video instead/alongside this one? |
1) The heterosexual relationship between my characters is implied, not explicit. It is implied via.... Parallel editing The song's lyrics Video's narrative 2) SO, as it is only an implied relationship Barthes enigma code can be applied- the mystery as to whether the boy and girl will actually get together is established and keeps audiences engaged! |
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How does Tessa Perkin's theory and the presentation of heterosexual relationships then link in to Buckingham's Theory? |
The fact that there is only a heterosexual relationship presented in my A2 Music Video proves that the film is a "re-presentation of reality", as in real life a variation of different types of relationships between different people exist. Although I did not necessarily intend to only present this type of relationship, it does mean that my video does not represent reality accurately |
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What Genre theories might I apply to my AS Horror Film? |
1) Iconography 2) Binary Opposites 3) Barthes Enigma Theory/Code 4) Steve Neal's Theory |
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How might Levi-Strauss' concept of Binary Opposites be applied to my AS Film Opening? |
In Horror films, and furthermore within the Horror Genre there is a contrast established between: Good and Evil Victim/Innocent and Villain The good/innocent characters make the evil ones appear all the more evil! e.g. In 'The Woman in Black' = Little Girls V.S. The Woman in Black! in my Film = Girl V.S. Bear OR Mother V.S. Girl & Bear |
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How is the Bear seen to be 'evil' and the girl 'good'/'innocent' in my Film? |
Bear = Evil, sound: "pick up the knife" Sasha= Good/Innocent, Props: Toys and Tea Party make her innocent and childlike (children=symbols of innocence) Hair & Make Up: pigtails (often how children have their hair), no make up- fresh faced and innocent BUT IT IS IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER THAT TECHNICALLY THEY ARE THE SAME PERSON DUE TO SASHA'S SCHIZOPHRENIA. |
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What is the problem with applying Levi-Strauss' theory, in terms of Genre, to my AS Media production? |
The Binary Opposite of the Girl (Sasha) and Bear, isn't actually that Binary? They are, due to Sasha's Schizophrenia, actually the same person (he is an extension of her psyche). Sometimes their characters blur and Sasha is not fully 'good', for example when she does pick up the knife, in the low angle shot of her (here she looks very menacing and sinister) or as inferred by her dark clothing. Shot-reverse-shots help to link the Girl and Bear together & imply that they are the same person. |
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How is the Binary opposite of the Girl & Bear V.S. The Mother character established? |
Mostly through Lighting! Mother's scenes are shot with High-Key Lighting, as compared to the scenes of the Girl and the Bear which are shot with Low-key lighting. High-Key Lighting has connotations to innocence, purity and heaven, and Low-key Lighting with darkness evil and all things sinister! |
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The fact that you (the audience) think that the Girl (Sasha) is good and she turns out to be Bad- means that my AS piece adheres to what theory? |
Barthes Enigma Code- the plot twist and the build-up to it in the Narrative creates suspense and mystery and thus enigma surrounding the character of the girl as audiences question; is she good or evil? |
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What is the term that might be more appropriately applied to Sasha's character? How does this link in with the Horror Genre? |
She is an anti-hero OR False Hero Many other Horror films contain this type of character such as, 'House at the End of the Street'! |
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Sasha's position as an anti-hero/false hero allows my AS Piece to adhere to what theory? |
Propp's Narrative Theory |
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How does Steve Neale's Theory apply to the film opening for 'Sasha'? |
The fact that the Girl and the Bear are the same character- due to Sasha's schizophrenia is an instance of "difference within repetition" for/of the Horror Genre. It is also potentially what makes this film a Psychological Horror film, rather than just a Horror Film! |
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What instances of Iconography (icons of the Horror Genre) can be seen in my AS Film Opening? |
1) Doll- seen in other horror films such as 'Annabelle' and 'Chucky' 2) Bear & other Toy Props- present in the opening for 'The Woman in Black' 3) Drone sound & parallel editing- These create suspense, which is obviously a huge part of the Horror genre which aims to create suspense and thus fear in audiences 4) Girl wearing a Black Dress- The colour Black/other dark colours like Purple and Red are often seen in/heavily featured in Horror films and especially in costume- e.g. the costumes of the Addams Family or Esther's costume in 'Orphan' 5) Knife Prop- Weapons are widely used in Horror, as often this genre includes a lot of violence. Knives can be seen in films such as 'Psycho' and 'The Shining' |
