Science Q2 Test 1

Front 1

Matter

Back 1

anything that has mass or takes us space

Front 2

Neutron

Back 2

no charge

Front 3

elcetron

Back 3

negative charge

Front 4

proton

Back 4

positive charge

Front 5

Element

Back 5

something that is made up of only one type of atom

Front 6

Periodic Table

Back 6

arranges all elements in a chart. Includes mass of the element, the # of protons it has, and its 1 or 2 letter symbol

Front 7

Compound

Back 7

made if two or more elements in exact proportions

Front 8

Molecule

Back 8

a group of atoms held together by the energy of chemical bonds

Front 9

molecular compound

Back 9

form when different atoms share their outermost electrons

Front 10

Ions

Back 10

electrically charged atoms, either positive or negative

Front 11

Ionic compounds

Back 11

ions of opposite charges that attract one another to form electrically neutral compounds

Front 12

Mixture

Back 12

A combination of substances in which individual substances retain their own properties. They can be solids, liquids, gases, or any combination of them.

Front 13

Solution

Back 13

When two or more substances are mixed evenly

Front 14

Suspension

Back 14

Formed when a liquid or gas has another substance evenly spread throughout it.

Front 15

Organic compound

Back 15

Always contain carbon and hydrogen and are usually associated with living things.

Front 16

Carbohydrates

Back 16

Organic molecules that supply energy or all the cell processes.

Front 17

Lipid

Back 17

An organic compound found in living things that does not mix with water. They release large amounts of energy.

Front 18

Protein

Back 18

An organic compound made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. They are building blocks of many structures in organisms.

Front 19

Enzyme

Back 19

A protein that regulates nearly all chemical reactions in a cell

Front 20

Nucleic acids

Back 20

Large organic molecules that store important coded information in cells

Front 21

Lipid

Back 21

An organic compound found in living things that does not mix with water. They release large amounts of energy.

Front 22

Protein

Back 22

An organic compound made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. They are building blocks of many structures in organisms.

Front 23

Enzyme

Back 23

A protein that regulates nearly all chemical reactions in a cell

Front 24

Nucleic acids

Back 24

Large organic molecules that store important coded information in cells

Front 25

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Back 25

The genetic material found in cells (DNA)

Front 26

Ribonucleic acid

Back 26

Used to make enzymes and other proteins (RNA)

Front 27

Endocytosis

Back 27

The process of taking substances into a cell by surrounding it with the cell membrane

Front 28

Exocytosis

Back 28

The process in which the contents of a vesicles are released by a cell.

Front 29

Homogeneous

Back 29

Homo- the same

Geneo- beginnings

Us- the state of

The state of having the same beginnings

The same throughout

1. Solutions

2. Colloids

3. Elements

4. Compounds

Front 30

Heterogeneous

Back 30

Herero- different

Geneo- beginnings

Us- the state of

The state of having different beginnings

Different throughout

1. Suspensions

Front 31

Metabolism

Back 31

The total of all chemical reactions in an organism

Front 32

Photosynthesis

Back 32

The process in which producers use light energy and make sugars, which can be used as food.

Front 33

Cellular respiration

Back 33

When chemical reactions occur that break down food molecules into simpler substances and release their stores energy.

Front 34

Fermentation

Back 34

When cells do not have enough oxygen for cellular respiration they use this process to release some of the energy stored in glucose molecules.

Front 35

Inorganic compound

Back 35

Made from elements other than carbon. They contain fewer atoms.

Front 36

Passive Transport

Back 36

The movement of substances through the cell membrane without the input of energy

Front 37

Diffusion

Back 37

The random movement of molecules from an area where there is relatively more of them to an area where there is relatively fewer of them

Front 38

Diffusion

Back 38

The random movement of molecules from an area where there are relatively more of them to a place where there is relatively fewer of them

Front 39

Equilibrium

Back 39

When the relative number of molecules is equal in two area

Front 40

Osmosis

Back 40

The diffusion of water through a cell membrane

Front 41

Facilitated diffusion

Back 41

Some substances are so large that they can only enter a cell with the help of molecules in the cell membrane called transport proteins.

Front 42

Active transport

Back 42

When an input of energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane

Front 43

Vesicle

Back 43

Transport and storage structure in the cell's cytoplasm.

Front 44

Compare and contrast simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.

Back 44

Compare: don't use energy, concentration gradient: high to low

Contrast: simple diffusion does not have channel proteins and facilitated diffusion does

Front 45

Chlorophyll

Back 45

Chemical that allows plant to use sunlight to create chemical energies-- glucose. Necessary for photosynthesis. Gives plants green color.

Front 46

2 ways to get rid of waste

Back 46

Exocytosis- fuses the waste with the membrane and then spits it out

Diffusion- gets rid of CO2

Front 47

Photosynthetic creatures

Back 47

Bacteria

Protists

Algae

Snails

Front 48

3 types of mixtures

Back 48

1. Suspension-

1a. Settle out over time

2a. Can be filtered

3a. Scatters light

2. Solution

1b. Does not settle out over time

2b. Can't be filtered

3b. Doesn't scatter light.

3. Colloids

1c. Don't settle out over time

2c. Can't be filtered

3c. Scatters light

Front 49

Pure substance

Back 49

Any form of matter that can't be broken down any further and retains its chemical properties.

Front 50

All matter is either...

Back 50

A pure substance or a mixture.

Front 51

Pure substances are either...

Back 51

Elements or compounds

(Compound- Na wants to be like Neon, so it needs to lose one electron and becomes positive. Na+. Cl is a Argon wannabe and wants to gain one electron. It becomes negative. Cl-. To become neutral again the electrons have to balance out. -1 (Cl-) +1 (Na+) = 0, neutral. They become the compound sodium chloride (NaCl) or salt.)

Front 52

Compare and contrast Active Transport and Passive Transport.

Back 52

Compare: move substances through the cell membrane

Contrast: Active Transport uses energy, but Passive Transport doesn't.

Front 53

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Back 53

Inside mitochondria

Front 54

Where does fermentation take place?

Back 54

Inside cytoplasm.

Front 55

How many adenosine triphosphates do you get from fermentation? How many from respiration?

Back 55

2 ATP from Fermentation and 38 ATP from Respiration

Front 56

Products of photosynthesis

Back 56

Glucose and ocygen