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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Genetics

The study of heredity and variation.

Heredity

The passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Variation

Offspring exhibits individuality, differing somewhat in appearance from its parents and siblings.

Hugo De Vries, Carl Erich Correns, Erich Tschermak von Seysenegg

3 scientists who rediscovered the work of Mendel

Gregor Johann Mendel

Father of genetics and an Austrian monk.

Genotypes

The genetic make up of an organism.

Homozygous

Having identical genes (one from each parent) for a particual characteristics.

Dominant Trait

The allele of a gene that masks or suppresses the expression of an alternate allele, appears in heterozygous condition.

Recessive Trait

An allele that is masked by a dominant allele and only appears in homozygous condition.

Heterozygous

A hybrid or two different genes for a particular characteristic.

Phenotype

Physical characteristics of an individual.

Law of Dominance, Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment

3 laws in Mendel's Law of Inheritance

Law of Dominance

This states that one factor (gene) in a pair of alleles may prevent the other factor from being expressed.

Law of Segregation

Allele pairs separate during gamete formation and randomly form during fertilization

Law of Independent Assortment

Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of sex cells.

Punnett Square

A square diagram used to predict the outcome of a breeding experiment.

Reginald C. Punnett

The punnett square is named after this person.

Test Cross

First introduced by Gregor Mendel, using the traits of both parents.

Monohybrid Cross

A genetic cross involving a single pair of genes, parents differ by a single trait.