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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genes are made up of |
DNA |
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Chromosomes |
are thread like structures with genes along the length |
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The shape of a molecule |
is a double helix or a twisted ladder |
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Mutations |
are additions, subtractions or alterations of bases occurring spontaneously in the gene |
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Mutations are caused |
naturally |
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Mutations affect chromosomes because |
It is changing the genetic information contained in a gene |
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Females have |
Two "X" chromosomes |
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Males have |
one "X" and one "Y" chromosome |
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A boy inherits his "X" chromosome from his |
Mother |
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The human body cells contain |
46 chromosomes |
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The human sperm or ova cells contain |
23 chromosomes |
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Phenotype |
refers to the physical appearance of an organism |
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Genotype |
refers to the genetic makeup of an organism |
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Dominant and recessive traits are different because |
Dominant traits only require one allele and recessive traits must have both alleles |
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Gamete |
Is the sex cell, such as sperm or an egg |
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what is DNA |
is the chemical that makes up our genes |
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Zygote |
a fertilised egg |
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Autosome |
a chromosome that isn't a sex cell |
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Diploid number |
the number of chromosomes in a cell or organism when the chromosomes exist in pairs |
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Haploid number |
The number of chromosomes in a cell or organism when the chromosomes exist singularly rather than in pairs |
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Adenine and guanine bases are |
purine |
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Thymine and cytosine base are |
pyrimidines |
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The cell theory |
all living things are made up go cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. All cells are produced from existing cells. |
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Genetic |
characteristics handed down through genes |
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Genetics |
the study of heredity |
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Homologous chromosomes |
are matching pairs of chromosomes. |
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Non- homologous chromosomes |
are a non matching pair of chromosomes |
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Pedigrees |
Male are square Females are circle Non filled are normal and filled are not normal |
