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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following best explains why the tilt of Earth, on its axis,causes summer to be warmer than winter in the Northern Hemisphere?
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The rays of the Sun strike the Northern Hemisphere in the summer.
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When bedrock in Massachusetts is examined, it often appears scraped and polished. Which of the following most likely caused the bedrock to appear scraped and polished?
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Glacial movement
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The presence of what geological features provides the best evidence that glaciers once covered an area?
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U-shaped valleys
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A layer of solid brittle rock comprises the outer 100 kilometers of Earth. What is the layer that contains both the crust and the upper mantle called?
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lithosphere
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What is the primary energy source that drives all the weather events, including precipitation, hurricanes and tornadoes?
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The Sun
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Why is it warmer at the equator than at the North Pole?
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The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North Pole.
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Seafloor spreading provides evidence of what Earth process?
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Movement of crustal plates
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Heat from deep in Earth's interior is transferred to its crust by what?
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Convection in the mantle
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The ocean water near the equator absorbs more heat throughout the year than ocean water near the North Pole. Why?
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The equator receives more direct sunlight.
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Which of the Earth's layers has the greatest density?
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Inner core
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What best explains why earthquakes occur more frequently in California than in Massachusetts?
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California is located on the boundary of two crustal plates, Massachusetts is not.
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Where are you likely to find metamorphic rock such as gneiss and schist?
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Deep underground
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An engineer is analyzing which areas in a city might become flooded if there are heavy rains. Which map is best to use for this analysis?
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A map showing the elevations of ground surfaces.
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A researcher found shark fossils on top of a mountain. What does this evidence show about the region?
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It shows the region was once covered by an ocean.
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Sal is looking at a map of Massachusetts. He has measured the distance, in inches, from Boston to Salem on the map. He wants to know how many actual miles the inches represent. What feature of the map should he look for?
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The Scale
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What best explains why the lower mantle of Earth is much more rigid and dense than the upper mantle?
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The lower mantle is under more pressure than the upper mantle.
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When air near the ground is warmed by sunlight, what occurs?
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The warm air expands and rises, resulting in convection.
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When dense, cold air pushes beneath warmer atmospheric air, the lighter, warmer air rises. As this air rises in the atmosphere, it cools and some of the water vapor in it condenses. What will form?
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A cloud
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What is most likely to make a rock crack and crumble?
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Water freezing in a crack in the rock.
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Many bacteria are decomposer organisms. How does this help make soil more fertile?
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The bacteria break down plant and animal matter.
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In the water cycle, rain, snow or sleet falling to the ground is a form of what?
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Precipitation
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Which process causes the slowest change to Earth's surface?
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Weathering
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