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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proteins Building Block
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Amino Acids
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Proteins Uses in Body
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Structure, Enzymes, & Energy
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Carbohydrates Building Block
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Saccharides
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Carbohydrates Uses in Body
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Energy, & Structure
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Lipid Building Block
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Fatty Acids
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Lipid Uses in Body
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Structure, Hormones, & Energy
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Nucleic Acids Building Block
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Nucleotides
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Speed Definition
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How Fast You Go
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Speed Formula
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Distance/Time
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Velocity Definition
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Speed with Direction
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Velocity Formula
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Distance/Time
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Acceleration Definition
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The Change in Velocity Over Time
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Acceleration What Affects It
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1) Speeding Up
2) Speeding Down 3) Change in Direction |
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Acceleration Formula
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Original Speed/Time
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Newton's First Law of Motion
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An object at rest or in motion will stay that way unless an outside force acts on it
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Inertia Definition
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Resistance to Motion
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Newton's 2nd Law of Motion
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a net force of an object causes it to accelerate in the direction of the force
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2nd Law of Motion Formula
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Mass x Acceleration
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Newton's 3rd Law of Motion
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for every action force there is an equal & opposite reaction force
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Momentum Definition
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Inertia in Motion
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Momentum Formula
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Mass x Velocity
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Centripetal Force Definition
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the force toward the center of a curved path that acts on an object
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Centripetal Acceleration Definition
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acceleration towards the center of a curved or circular path
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Terminal Velocity Definition
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maximum velocity reached by a falling object
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Free Fall Definition
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only force on the falling object is gravity
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Gravity Definition
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attraction between 2 objects due to their mass
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Gravity What Affects It
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mass of the object & the distance between them
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Friction Definition
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resistant force caused when two forces touch
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Friction What Affects It
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Mass & Surface
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Mass Definition
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amount of matter in an object
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Weight Definition
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gravity's pull on an object
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Projectile Motion Definition
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a curved path in the air taken by a projectile
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6 Forms of Energy
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thermal, electrical, light, nuclear, chemical, & mechanical
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Thermal Energy
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Heat Energy
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Electrical Energy
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Energy from Electron Movement
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Light Energy
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Energy from Light
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Nuclear Energy
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energy from the nucleus of the atom
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Chemical Energy
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found in chemical bonds
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Mechanical Energy
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Energy of Motion
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Potential Energy Definition
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energy of position or stored energy
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Potential Energy Formula
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Mass x Height x 9.8 m/s
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Kinetic Energy Definition
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Energy in Motion
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Kinetic Energy Formula
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mass x velocity^2 / 2
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Heat Definition
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the movement of thermal energy from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature
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Temperature Definition
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measures average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
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3 Methods of Heat Transfer
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Conduction, Convection, & Radiation
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Conduction Definition
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transfer of heat through contact
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Convection Definition
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transfer of heat through moving currents in matter
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Radiation Definition
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transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves
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Transfer of Thermal Energy Formula
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Q = m x (Tfinal - Tinitial) x c
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Work Definition
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transfer of energy through motion
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Work Formula
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force x distance
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Power Definition
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amount of work in a period of time
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3 Ways Machines Help Do Work
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increases the force, increases the distance the force travels, & changes the direction of the force
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6 Types of Simple Machines
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lever, pulley, wedge, inclined plane, screw, & wheel and axle
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Lever Definition
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a rigid bar that pivots around a fulcrum
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3 Types of Levers
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first class, second class, & third class
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1st Class Lever
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fulcrum is between the input force & output force
examples: see-saw |
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2nd Class Lever
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output force is between the fulcrum & input force
example: nutcracker |
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3rd Class Lever
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input force is between the fulcrum & output force
example: rake |
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Pulley Definition
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a grooved wheel with a rope or chain moving through it
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3 Types of Pulleys
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fixed, movable, and block & tackle
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Fixed Pulley
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changes the direction of the force, MA of 1
example: flag pole |
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Movable Pulley
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changes the direction & increases the force, MA of 2
example: crane |
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Block & Tackle Pulley
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changes the direction & increases the force, MA is # of ropes
example: sail boats |
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Efficiency Definition
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how much useful work a machine can do
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Efficiency Formula
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work out/work in x 100
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Wave Definition
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a repeating disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space
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Types of Waves
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mechanical, & electromagnetic
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Wave Speed Formula
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frequency x wavelength or distance/time
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Wave Behaviors
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diffraction, refraction, reflection, & interference
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Diffraction Definition
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wave bends around a corner
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Interference Definition
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waves combine & overlap
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Refraction Definition
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wave changes speed as it changes from one medium to another
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Reflection Definition
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wave bounces off a surface
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Why do we see color?
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it is due to the reflection of different wavelengths of light off of surfaces
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Pigment Definition
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reflects certain colors
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Filter Definition
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lets certain colors through
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Relationship between Pitch & Frequency
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the higher the pitch, the higher the frequency
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Relationship between Wavelength & Frequency
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the higher the wavelength, the shorter the frequency
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Sound Definition
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compression wave caused by a vibrating object
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Resonance Definition
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when energy causes a material to vibrate at its normal frequency
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Doppler Effect
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the change in pitch of a sound due to movement
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3 Types of Mirrors
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plane, concave, & convex
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Plane Mirror
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creates a virtual upright image
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Concave Mirror
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bent inwards & consists of a focal point
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Convex Mirrors
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bent outwards & helps see larger area than normal
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Types of Lenses
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concave & convex
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Concave Lens
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it is caved in, makes a virtual upright image, & spreads out the image
examples: peepholes, telescopes, & glasses |
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Convex Lens
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bulges out in the middle, & creates a real upright image
examples: projectors, microscopes, & glasses |
