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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gregor Mendel |
Austrian monk, scientist, and educator |
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Gregor Mendel studied |
genetics, pea plants, "Father of genetics" |
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Charles Darwin |
he was a naturalist and went aboard the HMS Beagle. They were marine charting and needed a naturalist |
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Charles Darwin studied |
life science, evolution |
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codominance |
traits that are NOT blended together Example:red camellia+white camellia=red and white camellia |
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incomplete dominance |
traits ARE blended together Example:red snapdragon+white snapdragon=pink snapdragon |
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allele |
"slightly different" version of gene coding for the same trait |
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dominant traits |
trait that APPEARS in a hybrid |
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recessive traits |
traits that are HIDDEN in a hybrid |
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Evolution |
organism changed from one thing to another Example: humans 'evolved' from apes |
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Natural selection |
changes occurr over time from environment |
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artificial selection |
breeding; purposefully trying to change the ratio of alleles in a population to favor a certain phenotype. farmers use it |
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Uniformitarianism |
this suggests that all of the earth's physical processes happen at the same rate |
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fixity of species |
the idea that species so not change over time |
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adaptation |
inherited trait |
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genes |
chromosomes that code for proteins |
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genetic drift |
traction of alleles in a population that change randomly |
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heredity |
study of how traits get passed from one generation to the next |
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polygenic inheritance |
occurrs when two or more genes in different places on a chromosome or a different chromosome interact to control a single character |
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punnett square |
uses alleles of the parents to predict the likelihood of offspring displaying a particular trait |
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carbon-14 dating |
a type of absolute dating that measures isotopes in the fossils themselves. |
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Absolute dating |
relies on the known rates of radioactive decay of certain elements found in igneous rocks |
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relative dating |
rock layers are compared to the layers around them |
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homologous structures |
evolutionists believe that organisms that share similar structures must also share a common ancestor |
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fossils |
preserved remains of plants and animals |
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petrified wood |
wood encased in hot silica-rich water |
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coprolite |
fossilized animal poop |
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gastroliths |
groups of small smooth stones that are found inside an animals body |
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cast |
copy of the original organism |
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mold |
buried organisms that decay completely without becoming mineralized leave behind a space. |
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trace fossils |
evidence that an organism leaves behind things that are not the organism. Example:footprints, burrows, imprints, and bite marks |
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carbonized fossil |
when a buried organism decays, it leaves behind a thin film of carbon |
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compare natural selection to genetic drift |
natural selection is changes that occurr over time from the environment, while genetic drift occurrs randomly |
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transitional form |
organism of the past eith body parts that are intermediate between early ancestral forms and later fully developed forms; missing link |
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genetic load |
the accumulated random mutations within the DNA of a population of organisms |
