Science Chapter 6 And 7 Vocab 11/14

Front 1

Electron dot diagram

Back 1

A diagram of an atom, ion molecule in which each dot represents a valence electron

Front 2

Ion

Back 2

An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge

Front 3

Molecule

Back 3

A neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds

Front 4

Anion

Back 4

And ion with a negative charge

Front 5

Polar covalent bond

Back 5

A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared shared equally

Front 6

Cation

Back 6

An ion with a positive charge

Front 7

Polyatomic ion

Back 7

A covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and acts as a unit

Front 8

Chemical bond

Back 8

The force that holds atoms or ions together as a unit

Front 9

Metallic bond

Back 9

The attraction between a metal cation and the shared electrons that surrounded it

Front 10

Ionic bond

Back 10

The force that holds cations and anions together

Front 11

Alloy

Back 11

A mixture of 2 or more elements, at least 1 of which is metal, that has the characteristic properties of a metal

Front 12

Chemical formula

Back 12

Notation shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio of the atoms or ions of these elements in the compound

Front 13

Crystals

Back 13

Solids whose particles are arranged in a lattice structure

Front 14

Covalent bond

Back 14

A chemical bond in which 2 atoms share a pair of valence electrons

Front 15

Reactants

Back 15

A substance that undergoes change in a chemical reaction

Front 16

Reaction rate

Back 16

The rate at which reactants change into products over time

Front 17

Products

Back 17

New substances formed as a result of chemical reaction

Front 18

Catalyst

Back 18

A substance that affects the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction

Front 19

Chemical equation

Back 19

A representation of a chemical reaction in which the reactions and products are expressed as formulas

Front 20

Equilibrium

Back 20

A state in which the forward and reverse paths of a physical or chemical change take place at the same rate

Front 21

Coefficients

Back 21

Numbers that appear before a formula in a chemical equation to show the relative proportions of each reactant and product

Front 22

Reversible reaction

Back 22

A chemical reaction in which the conversion of reactants into products and the conversion of products into reactants happens at the same time

Front 23

Mole

Back 23

An amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02x10^23 particles of the substance

Front 24

Molar mass

Back 24

The mass of one mole of a substance

Front 25

Decomposition reaction

Back 25

A chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances

Front 26

Synthesis reaction

Back 26

A chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a singular substance

Front 27

Double replacement reaction

Back 27

A chemical reaction in which 2 compounds exchange positive ions and form 2 new compounds

Front 28

Combustion reaction

Back 28

A chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, often producing heat and light

Front 29

Oxidation-reduction reaction

Back 29

A chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred from one reactant to another

Front 30

Chemical energy

Back 30

The energy stored in chemical bonds

Front 31

Exothermic reaction

Back 31

A chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings

Front 32

Endothermic reaction

Back 32

A chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings

Front 33

Single replacement reaction

Back 33

A chemical reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound