Science 8Th Grade Test 2

Front 1

Coriolis Effect

Back 1

The Earth's rotation imparts an acceleration known as the Coriolis effect. This acceleration causes cyclonic systems to turn towards the poles in the absence of strong steering currents.

Front 2

latent heat

Back 2

latent heat is the amount of energy in the form of heat released or absorbed by a substance during a change of phase

Front 3

specific heat

Back 3

is the measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance by a certain temperature interval.

Front 4

troposphere

Back 4

the troposphere is about 15 kilometer. We live in the troposphere. It contains 75% of all ATM gases dust ice and liquid. where smog and clouds form. 70c- -60c

Front 5

exosphere

Back 5

uppermost part of the ATM. beyond it is space. -30c and above

Front 6

ozone

Back 6

has O3 three oxygen. filters cancer causing U.V. rays.

Front 7

stratosphere

Back 7

-5c to -60c has a layer of ozone. weather instruments like weather balloons are released here. 20-50km from the earth

Front 8

mesosphere

Back 8

most radio waves are found here. -5c - -90c about 50-90km away from the earth

Front 9

Thermosphere

Back 9

-40c - -90c the thermosphere is the beginning of radio waves. you can find meteor trails and auroras. satellites are found here
90 through 350 Kilometers above the earth.

Front 10

leeward

Back 10

with the wind
the point or quarter toward which the wind blows.

Front 11

windward

Back 11

into the wind

Front 12

global warming

Back 12

The theory that the earth is beng heated by the greenhouse gases that we produce. The gasses deflect the suns energy inside the atmosphere traping the energy. It can't escape so it heats up the earth.

Front 13

melanoma

Back 13

skin cancer can be cause by over exposure to U.V. rays

Front 14

ultraviolet radiation

Back 14

Ultraviolet radiation is a type of radiation emitted from the sun. Skin cancer can be caused by over exposure to U.V. rays

Front 15

climate

Back 15

is the temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, rain, and humidity of a certain area.

Front 16

phase change

Back 16

The change of a matter's state by gaining or losing energy.

Front 17

cold front

Back 17

A cold front is a cooler and drier mass of air. The front with the greater density wedges under the less dense warmer air, lifting it, which can cause the formation of a narrow line of showers and thunderstorms when enough moisture is present. This upward motion causes lowered pressure along the cold front.

Front 18

warm front

Back 18

A warm front is the leading edge of an advancing mass of warm air originating from a high pressure system.

Front 19

arid

Back 19

dry, lack of water, low humidity

Front 20

melting

Back 20

the phase change of a solid to liquid

Front 21

precipitation

Back 21

When cloud particles become too heavy to remain suspended in the air, they fall to the earth as precipitation

Front 22

evaporation

Back 22

the phase change of water going from liquid to a gas

Front 23

condensation

Back 23

the phase change of water changing from a gas to a liquid

Front 24

Barometer

Back 24

a tool used to measure ATM presure

Front 25

saturation

Back 25

"thoroughly full"

Front 26

photosynthesis

Back 26

the process that plants use to convert h2o and co2 into a sugar that plants use to feed its cells. it supports all living creatures

Front 27

absolute humidity

Back 27

Absolute humidity is the quantity of water in a particular volume of air. The most common units are grams per cubic meter

Front 28

sulfur dioxide

Back 28

SO2 is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes

Cause of Acid Rain.

Front 29

evapotranspiration

Back 29

is a term used to describe the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the earth's land surface to atmosphere. The water that evaporates off the vegetative canopy. it is part of the water cycle

Front 30

Ionosphere

Back 30

A part of the Thermosphere. A layer of electrically charged particles that interfere with certain radio waves.
90-350km away -30 to -90c it is an electrically charged particles called ions and free electrons which interfere with radio waves.

Front 31

tropical

Back 31

defines it as a non-arid climate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures above 64.4 °F (18.0 °C).

Front 32

isobar

Back 32

lines of equal pressure shown on a map.

Front 33

isotherm

Back 33

a graph used to show temperature changes. this is used with the isobar to find cold and warm fronts.

Front 34

tropical climate

Back 34

bound on the north and south 18c isotherm. no true winter

Front 35

temperate climate

Back 35

bounded on the poleward side by the 10c isotherm and on the equatorward side by the 18c isotherm. has winter and summer

Front 36

polar climate

Back 36

bounded on the equatorward side by the 10c isotherm. no true summer

Front 37

precipitation factors

Back 37

1. latitude of 0 degree and 60N have heavy precipitation due to belts of low pressure.
30N and 30S has belts of high pressure, which produce dry climates.
2. Nearness to center of large land mass. Centers are usually more dry.
3. Nearness to large bodies of water. Near ocean have high precipitation, especially areas on leeward side.
4. Location relative to large mountain ranges. Windward sides get higher average Precipitation, leeward get less.
5. Wind direction, which determines the leeward sides of mountain ranges and large bodies of water.

Front 38

temperature factors

Back 38

1. Latitude. As latitude increases, average Temps get lower.
2. Nearness to center of large land masses. These have large ranges between and night, and seasonally.
3. Nearness to large bodies of water. Low ranges between day and night and seasonally.
4. location relative to mountains. Windward sides are cooled, leeward are warmed.
5. Altitude. Higher is cooler.
6. Ocean Currents. Eastern coast is warmed by ocean currents, western coast is cooled.
ocean current: eastern coast gets warmer temperature.

Front 39

What is the difference between climate and weather.

Back 39

Weather is the hour-to-hour/day-to-day conditions.
Climate is the average of weather changes over many years.

Front 40

What major worldwide climate types are classified by which atmospheric property?

Back 40

Temperature and Precipitation.

Front 41

What factors would cause a location to have a colder yearly climate than others?

Back 41

Near the center of land mass, or on west coast, higher altitude, higher latitude, on windward side of large mountain range

Front 42

What three factors would cause a location to have more precipitation?

Back 42

being on the windward side of mountains, or the leeward side of water, or being in a low pressure belt

Front 43

Where is the low pressure belts?

Back 43

latitudes 0, 60N, 60S

Front 44

Where are High pressure belts?

Back 44

latitudes 30N, 30S

Front 45

How can two areas have same average temperature but different climate ratios?

Back 45

One has more rain than the other.

Front 46

How can two regions with the same precipitation have different climate ratios?

Back 46

Their average temperatures can be different.

Front 47

Are low pressure belts more arid or humid than high pressure belts?

Back 47

Low pressure belts are more humid and have more rainfall.

Front 48

Pollutant

Back 48

harmful material that can harm an ecosystem.

Front 49

relative humidity

Back 49

Actual Vapor Density divided by the Saturation Vapor Density * 100%

Front 50

Physical Change

Back 50

physical change is any change not involving a change in the substance's chemical identity. It only changes its look.

Front 51

Hydrologic Cycle

Back 51

Front 52

Global Winds

Back 52

Front 53

What is a climate ratio.

Back 53

p/e precipitation/ potential evapotranspiration

Front 54

Smog

Back 54

mixture of compounds including sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen.

Front 55

Solids in the atmosphere

Back 55

smoke, dust and ice

Front 56

Liquids in the atmosphere

Back 56

water vapor

Front 57

Atmosphere

Back 57

A mixture of different substances, gases, solids, liquids.

Front 58

What is a mixture

Back 58

A mixture is a substance made by combining two or more different materials