Science 7 Unit B Plants For Food And Fibre

Front 1

Flowers

Back 1

contains both male and female parts for reproduction

Front 2

Stems

Back 2

pathway for water and nutrients to travel as well supporting the leaves and reproductive structures.

Front 3

Leaves

Back 3

produces food, takes/releases O2 and CO2, H2O is allowed to leave

Front 4

Roots

Back 4

absorbs water & dissolves nutrients, as well anchors the plant in the ground

Front 5

Fibre

Back 5

plant material that cannot be digested but that helps you to digest other food

Front 6

Photosynthesis

Back 6

How Plants Make Food

Front 7

Photosynthesis equation

Back 7

(water) + (carbon dioxide) + sunlight --> (sugar) + (oxygen)

Front 8

CHLOROPLASTS

Back 8

contains chlorophyll which captures the sun’s energy and uses it to join the CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER to make SUGAR (where photosynthesis occurs)

Front 9

The process of plants using the food they made.

Back 9

Cellular Respiration

Front 10

Cellular Respiration equation

Back 10

(sugar) + (oxygen) --> (water)+ (carbon dioxide) + energy

Front 11

Concentration

Back 11

the number of particles of one substance in a certain volume of another substance

Front 12

Diffusion

Back 12

Is movement of particles from high to low concentration, until there are equal particles everywhere

Front 13

Osmosis

Back 13

Is the movement of water across a permeable membrane

Front 14

Stomata

Back 14

little holes in the leaves that allow gas to enter and leaves (Kind of like breathing)

Front 15

Gas Exchange

Back 15

In photosynthesis plants use CARBON DIOXIDE (gas) and make OXYGEN (gas)

Front 16

Transpiration

Back 16

evaporation of water from the surface of a plant (leaves), as more water particles move up to take the place of the evaporated particles

Front 17

Capillary Action

Back 17

water travels via tiny tubes, the attraction of water particles to themselves and the tubes causes the movement up the plant

Front 18

Seed Coat

Back 18

Protects seed until conditions are favourable for germination (ie, protects against animal's digestive tract)

Front 19

Life Cycle Of A Plant

Back 19

Seed >(grows)> Seedling >(grows reproductive structures)> Adult Plant >(pollination)> Seed

Front 20

Pollination

Back 20

Occurs when pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma and fertilizes the ovaries of the flower

Front 21

Male part

Back 21

Pollen Grains (contains pollen) - Small sticky cells

Front 22

Female part

Back 22

Ovary (center of the blossom) - Contains an OVULE (egg)

Front 23

Pollination occurs when

Back 23

the Pollen Grain lands on the Stigma of the flower (above the ovary) A pollen tube is formed growing down the Stigma into the Ovule

Front 24

Pollination & Seed Dispersal

Back 24

Wind & Water & Pollinators

Front 25

Pollinators

Back 25

search of nectar and by moving to feed they cover themselves in pollen transporting it to the next landing site where it sticks to the stigma of a flower. Example- Bee

Front 26

Vegetative Reproduction

Back 26

Reproductive process that is asexual and so does not involve separate male and female parts

Asexually reproduced plants are genetically identical

Front 27

Cuttings

Back 27

cut small pieces of a plant usually the stem create new roots and is planted

Front 28

Root runners

Back 28

off shoots that sprout into new plants

Front 29

Grafting

Back 29

attaching one part of the plant to another having the two sections grow together

Front 30

Basic Needs For Plant Growth

Back 30

Water, Light, Nutrients, Space

Front 31

Role Of Plants

Back 31

Provide Oxygen, Shelter, Food

Front 32

Mineral Particles

Back 32

made from rock which has been broken down

Front 33

Organic Particles

Back 33

made up of plants and animals that once lived

Front 34

Humus

Back 34

partly decomposed organic matter

Front 35

Sandy Soil

Back 35

mostly large mineral particles - does not retain water well

Front 36

Clay Soil

Back 36

mostly small mineral particles - does not retain water well, however water has a tough time of permeating through it.

Front 37

Loam Soil

Back 37

good balance between mineral particles and organic particles . plenty of nutrients

Front 38

Organic Fertilizers

Back 38

Made from animal and plant waste. Example- Cow manure.

Front 39

Chemical Fertilizers

Back 39

Any of a large number of natural and synthetic materials

Front 40

Irrigation

Back 40

To supply (dry land) with water

Front 41

Clearing the Land

Back 41

Removing plants which were previously grown there

Front 42

Ploughing

Back 42

The Process of cutting into the soil and turning the top layer over,

Front 43

Crop Rotation

Back 43

Planting a different crop in a particular field every year

Front 44

Yield

Back 44

Amount of useful plant parts per plant

Front 45

Hydroponic System

Back 45

Artificial soil environment with water flowing through a pipe or container

Front 46

Species

Back 46

individual organisms which are very similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology and genetics

Front 47

Variety

Back 47

specific characteristics of a plant

Front 48

Traits

Back 48

Distinguishes plants from other varieties of plants

Front 49

Selective Breeding

Back 49

Selection of certain seeds or animals for reproduction

Front 50

Gene

Back 50

hereditary unit that is transferred from a parent to offspring

Front 51

Genetic Engineering

Back 51

Artificial introduction of changes to the genes in a cell

Front 52

Herbicides

Back 52

A chemical designed to control or destroy plants

Front 53

Pesticides

Back 53

Chemical used to kill pests, especially insects

Front 54

Biological Control

Back 54

Use of living organisms or their products to control pest populations

Front 55

Unintended Consequence

Back 55

Are outcomes that are not the ones intended by a purposeful action.

Front 56

Environmental Management

Back 56

Balancing needs of humans with needs of the environment

Front 57

Monoculture

Back 57

A planted field will be used to support growth of just one variety of plant