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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 layers of the epidermis?
Structure of stratum basale? What binds adjacent keratinocytes? |
Corneum
Lucidum Granulosum Spinosum Basale Single layer of columnar to cuboidal cells on dermal/epidermal junction desmosomes |
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Structure of stratum spinosum?
What layers are included in the Malpighian layer? Why are they unique? What Vitamin-D precursor is in this layer? Layer that protects from dehydration and foreign material: |
several layers of keratinocytes, prickled cell because of tonofilament bundles
basale + spinosum - mitotically active 7-dehydrocholesterol stratum granulosum |
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Layer only seen in thick skin (palms and soles), translucent thin band of flattened keratinocytes:
What is unique about this layer? 15-40 layers thick in thick skin, dead plate-like keratinocytes filled with mature keratin, continuously exfoliated: |
stratum lucidum
no organelles or nuclei stratum corneum |
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Most abundant cell in epidermis, final location of melanin made by melanocytes:
Enzyme in melanocytes that causes melanin production: Function of melanin? What layer are melanocytes in? APC cells, found in stratum spinosum: |
keratinocytes
tyrosinase protects cell nuclei from UV radiation stratum basale Langerhan's cells |
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Found in stratum basale, more numerous in thick skin, function as mechanoreceptors:
psoriasis is an increase of proliferation of which cell layers? What region is responsible for fingerprint formation? |
Merkel's cells
malpighian layer (B & S) dermal-epidermal junction |
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Two layers of dermis:
Which embryonic layer is dermis derived from? Meissner's corpuscles are in which layer? What type of CT is in this layer? |
papillary layer, reticular layer
mesoderm Papillary layer loose CT - contains capillaries |
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Corpuscles in reticular layer, encapsulated pressure receptors:
Appearance on slide? Adipose tissue is characteristic for which layer? |
Pacinian corpuscles
onion-like appearance Hypodermis |
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Yellow-red pigmentation is due to what? Brown/black?
Major function of melanin/pigmentation? Differences in skin color are due to what? |
carotene
melanin protect DNA from free radicals formed by sunlight number of melanin granules in keratinocytes |
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Effect of Addison's disease on melanocytes?
Inability of melanocytes to make melanin due to altered tyrosinase activity: degeneration of entire melanocytes, resulting in depigmentation: |
cortisol insufficiency --> increased ACTH --> incresaed pigmentation
albinism vitiligo |
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Hair follicle terminates in what structure? Which layer of skin?
Two parts of hair bulb? Structure and function of the 4 layers of the germinal matrix? |
hair bulb - dermal reticular layer
dermal papilla (contains nerve, blood supply), germinal matrix Central zone - caps dermal papilla, has melanocytes, medulla (core of hair shaft) 2nd zone - cortex 3rd zone - outer layer 4th zone - internal/external root |
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Erector pili are in which layer?
Where do they insert? Where are sebaceous glands mostly numerous? Which sweat glands are most numerous? located in axilla, pubic/anal regions, larger size, viscous secretory product: |
Dermal papillary layer
CT sheath below sebaceous glands face, forehead, scalp (not on palms, soles) Eccrine - watery secretory product, merocrine secretion Apocrine - odorles secretion (BO from bacteria) |
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How do you tell the secretory from the duct portion of the sweat gland?
Nails are analogous to which layer? thick continuous fold of S. corneum, cuticle: local thickening of S. corneum underlying distal nail plate: |
secretory - simple cuboidal, myoepithelial cells surround it
duct - stratified cuboidal epithelium, darker staining stratum corneum eponychium hyponychium |
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Receptors for for fine touch, heat/cold, hair movement:
pressure/vibration: touch: mechanical stres, responds to displacement of collagen fibers: |
free nerve endings
Pacinian corpuscles Meissner's corpuscles Ruffini endings |
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What is unique about thick skin?
Unique about thin skin? |
no pigment, lots of sweat glands, smooth, non-hairy; (soles and palms)
hair, sebaceous glands, erector pili |
