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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fascicle |
A specialized short shoot consisting of stem tissue, one or more needle like leaves, and persistent bud scales |
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Sporogeneous |
Describing a layer of cells or tissues capable of giving rise to spores via meiosis |
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Anther |
The sporophytic structure of the stamen consisting of an outer protective layer and internal sporogeneous tissues |
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Carpel |
Usually the innermost whorl of modified fertile sporophylls, the megasporophylls, which bear ovules which create eggs |
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Endosperm |
A triploid nutritive tissue of the Angiospermae seed created by double fertilization in the fusion of polar nuclei and a sperm cell |
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Filament |
The supporting stem of the stamen aiding in dispersal of pollen |
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Flower |
Specialized stem of higher plants usually containing four types of modified sporophylls solely dedicated for reproduction |
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Fruit |
and often fleshy, seed-dispersal structure formed from a swollen ovule and associated sporophytic structure or accessory tissue of seed plants |
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Nucellus |
Derived from tissues of the megasporangium, the egg sac, become nutritive tissues usually refers to within the seeds of gymnosperms |
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Ovary |
The enlarged basal portion of the carpel which contains the sporogenous tissues and which usually contributes structurally to fruit |
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Pericarp |
Collectively the outer layers of fruit formed from the ovule and associated sporophytic tissues |
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Petals |
From the outside, the second whorl of modified sporophylls usually sterile and highly colored to attract pollinators |
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Sepals |
The outermost whorl of modified sporophylls within a flower often green, sterile, and preforming a protective function |
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Stamen |
From the outside, usually the third whorl of modified fertile sporophylls, the microsporophylls, which create pollen |
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Stigma |
The uppermost surface of the carpel, usually covered in sticky substances, which captures pollen from the air or pollinators |
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Style |
An elongated support structure of the carpel, bridging the distance between the ovary and stigma, function in support and pollen tube growth |
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Gynoecium |
Collectively referring to the female organs of a flower, usually with one or more carpels |
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Perianth |
Collectively referring to the sepals and petals which function in protection and aid in pollination |
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Accessory tissues |
Non carpel derived tissues which unite the carpel to form fruit |
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collectively referring to the male organs of a flower, usually many stamens |
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Abaxial |
Describes spatial orientation of body plans, the lower side determined by distance from the shoot apical meristem |
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Adaxial |
Describes spatial orientation of body plans, the upper side of a leaf as determined by distance from the shoot apical meristem |
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Tepal |
Referring to the perianth parts which are not differentiated into petals or sepals |
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Bilateral |
a form of symmetry where two halves are mirror images |
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Calyx |
the sepals, collectively |
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Corolla |
the petals, collectively |
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Secondary metabolites |
Specialized metabolites not associated with plant growth or development; includes terpenoids, phenolics, and alkaloids |
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Cuneate |
wedge shaped, with basal margins approximately straight, intersection angle 45-90 degrees |
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Atactostele |
A subcategory of siphonstele which consists of numerous discreet bundles organized in rings or randomly |
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Parallel |
Describing venation of leaves which runs in parallel lines to the leaf margin |
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Penni-parallel |
Describing venation within leaves where secondary veins branch from the midvein and run parallel to one another |
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Glume |
the protective, lower bract of poaceae inflorescence |
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Lemma |
The lower, protective bract of poaceae floret |
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Palea |
the upper, protective bract of poaceae floret |
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Pneumoatophores |
Specialized structures of submerged plant roots and covered in lenticles to allow aeration of root tissues underwater |
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Allelopathy |
Describing when plant secondary metabolites negatively affect growth of other plants |
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Thigmotropism |
Plant movement in response to touch in Mimosa, via pulvinus turgor pressure |
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Hemiparasitic
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photosynthetic plants that are also parasitic on other plants
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Haustoria
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a root or root-like structure that penetrates the cell wall of the host plant but remains apoplastic
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Betalain
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red and yellow indole-derived pigments found in plants of the Caryophyllales, where they replace anthocyanin pigments
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Areole
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a modified, reduced axillary meristem bearing spines
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