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21 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
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to explain or describe something in a more detailed way

He said he was resigning but did not elaborate on his reasons.

She went on to elaborate her argument.

based on instinct (= a natural quality that makes somebody/something behave in a particular way), not thought or training

instinctive knowledge/reaction


She's an instinctive player.

used to say that you think that something is probably true

Presumably this is where the accident happened.


You'll be taking the car, presumably?

the technology of sending signals, images and messages over long distances by radio, phone, television, satellite, etc.

technological developments in telecommunications


the telecommunications industry

a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree

He wrote his Master's dissertation on rats.


Students can either do a dissertation or take part in a practical project.

a problem or difficulty, especially one that is small, hidden or unexpected [ difficulty]

There is just one small snag—where is the money coming from?


Let me know if you run into any snags.

a number of people or things that are dealt with as a group

Each summer a new batch of students tries to find work.


He worked his way through the batch of letters on his desk.

any of the different ways in which a set of things can be ordered

The possible permutations of x, y and z are xyz, xzy, yxz, yzx, zxy and zyx.

(of a line, pole, etc.) going straight up or down from a level surface or from top to bottom in a picture, etc.

the vertical axis of the graph


The cliff was almost vertical.

the aspects of a person’s character that they show to other people, especially when their real character is different

His public persona is quite different from the family man described in the book.


It is the work that is important, not the persona of the artist.

to make something as good as it can be; to use something in the best possible way

to optimize the use of resources

to be the explanation or cause of something [ explain]

The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.


Oh well, that accounts for it (= I understand now why it happened).

to change something slightly to make it more suitable for a new set of conditions or to make it work better

Adjust your language to the age of your audience.

This button is for adjusting the volume

to be the result of something

Most people’s insecurities stem from something that happened in their childhood.

the act of causing somebody severe pain in order to punish them or make them say or do something

Many of the refugees have suffered torture.


the use of torture

​boring lack of variety


Or


a situation in which something stays the same and is therefore boring:

She watches television to relieve the monotony of everyday life.

used to say that you admire somebody very much for something they have done

Tip your hat to me

a student or new graduate who is getting practical experience in a job, sometimes without pay, for example during the summer holiday

a summer intern at a law firm

to happen or appear for the first time in a particular place or situation

The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics.


The word originated as a marketing term.

to force somebody to do something; to make something necessary

The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children.

I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.

not paid, done, returned, etc. by the required or expected time

an overdue payment/library book


The rent is now overdue.