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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This is a decreased red cell mass that affects tissue oxygenation.
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Anemia
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What are the three types of anemia?
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-Blood loss
-Reduced RBC production -Increased RCB destruction |
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What are the general symptoms and signs of anemia?
How does the body compensate? |
Fatigue, weakness and dyspnea (shortness of breath).
Sign is palor : conjunctiva, toungue or hands Compensate by: -increased RR -increased HR -systolic murmur |
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What diseases will you find Target cells?
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-Thalassemia
-Fe Deficiency -Alcoholic liver dz |
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Lead poisoning will cause...
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Punctate basophilia or basophilic stipling
-These are aggregated ribosomes |
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These are purple nuclear DNA remnants which usually appear due to an absent or non-fxn spleen?
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Howell-Jolly bodies
(also can occur due to hemolysis). |
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Heinz bodies...
Stain? |
particles of denatured hemoglobin associated with G6PD deficiency.
-Supra-vital stains |
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These are iron granules not bound to Hb in the RBC; usually occuring b/c of an iron overload.
-How do you see these granules? |
Siderocytes
-Prussian blue stain |
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What does infection of RBC with parvo B19 cause?
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Destruction of RBC progenitors
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What conditions can cause a microcytic (MCV<80) anemia?
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-Fe def anemia
-Thalassemia -Pb poisoning (basophilic stippling) -Anemia of chronic disease |
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What conditions would cause a macrocytic (MCV>100) anemia?
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-Folate/Vit. B12 def
-Alcoholism -Drugs, toxins, chemotherapy |
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Megablastic anemia displays large erythroid precursors with delayed nuclear maturation while cytoplasmic maturation is good. What is this phenomenon called?
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Nuclear/cytoplasmic asynchrony
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High MCV
Hypersegmented neutrophils Macrocytes and megaloblasts |
B12 or Folate deficiency
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What would you see in a BM biopsy of megablastic anemia?
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Hypercellularity
Giant band form cells |
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Diagnose the following:
Atrophic glossitis(shiny beefy tongue) -tingling and numbness in hands and feet -impaired senses and bleeding gums |
Pernicious anemia
--B12 def |
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What are the Lab finding for Fe def anemia?
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Hypochromic, microcytic RBC's w/ Target cells present
Serum Fe: LOW TIBC: HIGH Ferritin: LOW |
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What are the Lab findings for Anemia of Chronic disease?
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Serum Fe: Low
TIBC: LOW Ferritin: HIGH |
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This type of anemia is caused by LEAD poisoning and causes Fe to be trapped inside mitochondria due to Pb denaturing of ferrochetase and ribonuclease?
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Sideroblastic anemia
"ringed sideroblasts" around the nucleus |
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What would you see on a peripheral smear with sideroblastic anemia?
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Hypochromic, microcytic with basophilic stippling!!!
Basophilic stippling due to Pb denaturing of ribonuclease enzyme-->prevents ribosome from being degraded. |
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What would Iron studies show you with sideroblastic anemia (Iron Lab values)?
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Serum Fe HIGH
TIBC LOW Ferritin HIGH |
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This disease will show erythroid hyperplasia in BM (Perl's stain), microcytic hypochromic cells and target cells with increased reticulocytes.
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B-Thalassemia Major
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What hemoglobin type will be markedly elevated in B-Thal Major?
How about B-Thal minor? |
B-thal Major= HbF
B-thal minor= HbA2 |
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Iron Lab values for B-Thalassemias?
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Serum Fe= High
TIBC LOW Ferritin High |
