S2 Anatomy Exam 3: Oral Cavity Dissector

Front 1

Elevation of the soft palate into contact w/ the posterior pharyngeal wall, closing the pharyngeal isthmus, is essential both for __________ & __________

Back 1

swallowing & for normal speech

Front 2

The ___________ node, which receives lymph from the palatine tonsil, is the most frequently enlarged lymph node in the body & is called the “tonsillar node”

Back 2

jugulodigastric lymph node

Front 3

The loose connective tissue of the peritonsillar space is a common site of abscess formation. WHat would this lead to?

Back 3

airway obstruction or aspiration pneumonis


*also serves as a cleavage plane for tonsil removal

Front 4

The largest artery supplying the palatine tonsil, and usual source of arterial bleeding is the _____________


Which vein supplies the same area?

Back 4

tonsillar branch of the facial artery



paratonsillar (external palatine) vein

Front 5

the internal carotid artery is sometimes tortuous with a loop located just lateral to the __________________ muscle, where the artery can be injured with fatal results if the muscle is penetrated during surgery

Back 5

superior pharyngeal constrictor

Front 6

If the glossopharyngeal nerve is temporarily nonfuctional due to edema or permanently damaged what will be seen?

Back 6

diminished taste
(temp or permanent)

Front 7

On either side of the median glossoepiglottic fold is a shallow depression, the ___________, where foreign objects may lodge

Back 7

the vallecula

Front 8

An abnormally short lingual frenulum limits __________________ and may have to be surgically released.

Back 8

movement of the tongue (ankyloglossia)

Front 9

A thin mucous membrane, covers a deep lingual vein on each side of the frenulum. What is the advantage of the thin barrier?

Back 9

allows rapid sublingual absorption of drugs in bloodstream (deep lingual vein)

Front 10

A unilateral lesion of the hypoglossal nerve results in

Back 10

deviation of the protruded tongue toward the paralyzed side

Front 11

In an unconscious supine person, relaxation of the__________ muscles allows the tongue to fall posteriorly, obstructing the airway.
-->jaw thrust maneuver is performed to pull the mandible & tongue, anteriorly,

Back 11

genioglossus muscles

Front 12

The relationships of the _______________ are important because swallowed objects may become lodged there & damage the internal laryngeal or
inferior laryngeal nerve

Back 12

piriform recess

Front 13

The __________________ nerve lies just deep to the mucous membrane of the upper part of the piriform recess & the ________________ nerve lies just deep to the lower part

Back 13

internal larygneal nerve

inferior larygneal nerve

Front 14

The cricothyroid ligament (conus elasticus/cricovocal membrane) is thickened anteriorly in the midline where the two sides meet to form the ______________________

Back 14

median cricothyroid ligament

^*where emergency airway can be made

Front 15

Injury to the external laryngeal nerve, which may occur during thyroidectomy due to its close
relationship to the _____________ artery, results in a monotonous voice that tires easily.

Back 15

superior thyroid artery

Front 16

A lesion of one recurrent laryngeal nerve results in _____________________ so that the vocal folds are unable to meet in the midline, producing a hoarse, breathy, easily fatigable voice.

Back 16

unilateral vocal cord paralysis


*left recurrent more commonly involved

Front 17

Bilateral vocal fold paralysis results in a _____________ & _________________.

How may it be treated?

Back 17

variable loss of voice and airway compromise
(ranging in severity from immediately life-threatening to largely unnoticeable)

tracheostomy or surgical widening of rima glottidis

Front 18

Laryngeal vestibule contact with an aspirated foreign object results in ________________________, usually preventing the object from entering the trachea

Back 18

the reflex spasm of laryngeal muscles to close the rima vestibuli and rima glottidis & reflex coughing

Front 19

How does "dry drowning" occur?

Back 19

laryngospasm occurs w/o actual entry of water into lungs

Front 20

An incision through the median cricothyroid ligament to create an emergency airway (cricothyrotomy, cricothyroidotomy) enters
the ______________ below an obstruction at the level of the _____________

Back 20

infraglottic cavity


vocal folds

Front 21

What does the Valsalva maneuver cause?


Why would it be used?

Back 21

increaesed intrathroacic pressure --> impedes venous return & puts strain on heart

an an intervention to resolve supraventricular tachycardias

Front 22

The ______________ is sudden vigorous external compression of the abdomen to eject a foreign object from an obstructed airway

Back 22

Heimlich maneuver

Front 23

How does the Heimlich maneuver actually work?

Back 23

Creates sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure which throws the diaphragm upward, increasing intrathoracic pressure & expelling air from the trachea through the larynx
= dislodges the obstructing foreign object