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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happened in 49BC? What did Pompey do? |
Caesar crossed the Rubicon, and the Civil War began.
Pompey retreated to the East but was defeated by Caesar at Pharsalus. He then fled to Egypt where he was murdered by the Pharaoh |
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When was Caesar appointed dictator? |
48BC |
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What happened in 46BC? |
Caesar was given the dictatorship for 10 years |
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What were some of Caesars social reforms as dictator? |
- He introduced the Julian calendar - Improved provincial administration - Changes to land/tax command - Gave citizenship to some Gauls - Founded some new colonies - Reorganised the food supply - Built new buildings in Rome - Introduced new numbers of Praetors, Aediles and Quaestors |
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What was Commendatio? |
It was a method which allowed Caesar to control elections. He could choose who would be candidates for election in 5 years time. This destroyed the noble's right to seek glory. |
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What else did Caesar do in 44BC? |
He pardoned all of his opponents, gaining himself clementia (ones mercifulness) |
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What happened to Caesar in 44BC? What title did he obtain? |
He was named perpetual dictator. On the 15th March, he is murdered. |
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What aspects of his control may have led to his assassination? |
- In the eyes of many, his control was leading to an autocracy. - He was the first living Roman to be depicted on coinage. This was the prerogative of a king. - An oracle said that a king would defeat the Parthians. Caesar was planning an invasion of Parthia, and this may have resulted in his murder as the Romans feared the word 'rex'. - Caesar's wealth and influence, alongside that gained in a Parthian war, threatened the Senate and their own attempts for power. |
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Who was Mark Anthony? What did he do immediately after Caesar's death? |
- A good soldier and politician and a prominent power after Caesars death. - He used the riots of the mob as an excuse to rally the army loyal to Caesar. |
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How much did Caesar leave the people after his death? |
He left each citizen 300s and his gardens for public use.
However, he left Octavian most of his wealth and property. |
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Why was Octavian important? |
- He was Caesars adopted heir. - Promoted Caesars deification and his own status as Divus Filius. - Won over Caesars legions and veterans with money. Caesars legions would not fight his heir.
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What was the Second Triumvirate? When was it formed? |
43BC - it was formed to control the state. It needed money, land and to secure its own power, so it proscribed foes and rich romans. |
