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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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podium
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a high platform; temples in central Italy generally were built upon a high platform or podium
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fossa/agger
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used in defense; a fossa is a deep broad ditch and the agger is the thick, high mound inside it
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hoplite
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hoplite infantry were protected by body armor made either of metal or leather; carried a hoplon; emphasis on more formal battles
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Comitium
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a sacred space where officials would summon citizens to vote, hear legal cases, and to make important public dictions
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Curia Hostilia
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One of the meeting places for the council of elders known as the senate
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Sacra Via
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the chief processional route into the city
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Conubium
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the right to make a lawful marriage with a resident of any other Latin city
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Commercium
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Allowed Latins to own land in any of the Latin cities and to make legally enforceable contracts with their citizens
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Auxilium
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The giving of aid; central to the tribunes office
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Rights of the Consuls
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Auspicium and Imperium
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Praetor
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Ruled when the consuls were away
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Licinian Sextian reforms
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the most important ones fixed the office of consul as the highest in the city and permitted plebs to compete for it
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Pomerium
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Sacred boundary of the city of Rome
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Leges or lex
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Roman law
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Curule aediles
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They supervised the markets
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quaestors
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Public money treasurers
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Campus Martius
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Meeting place for the senate outside the pomeriu (consul has already taken up military command)
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Princeps senatus
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Head of the senate
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contiones
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occasions for public meetings
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comitia and concilia
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Assemblies where the public voted
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Centuriate assembly
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Organized like an army- voters
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Lares and penates
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Ancestral spirits and household spirits
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Pontiffs
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Priests who supervised rights
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Deditio in fidem
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Ritual surrender
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nobiles
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new ruling class
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novi homines
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men holding lesser posts
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auctoritas
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senate's influence
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laus, gloria, virtus, dignitas
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praise, glory, virtue/courage, esteem; all sought by men of office
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triumphator, fasti triumphales
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victorious general, list of triumphators
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cognomen, praenomen, nomen, gens
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cognomen is used to emphasize as descendant from a particular ancestor, gens is the larger group
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imagines
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wax portraits of ancestors, displayed at funerals
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magna mater
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foreign god brought to rome, but banned for barbarity
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prorogation
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system devised to establish authority in provinces
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proconsul/propraetor
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additionaly terms of service in the provinces
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provincia
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refers to sphere of operations given to an official
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publicani
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private contractors employed by senate
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negotiatores
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multi-purpose merchants
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First Punic War
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264-241- Rome gains Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica
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Second Punic War
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218-201
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217
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Hannibal ambushes and destroys another Roman army at Lake Trasimene
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216
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Romans defeated at Cannae, Roman allies begin to turn
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202
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Scipio defeats the Carthaginians at Zama
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Third Macedonian War
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171-168; it ended the Macedonian monarchy
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146
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Corinth captured and razed; same year as the destruction of carthage
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senatus consultum
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an advisory decree issued by the senate
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cursus honorum
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hierarchy of senatorial offices
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quaestiones
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investigations conducted against ordinary citizens for crimes committed outside Rome
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quaestiones perpetuae
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permanent courts created after 149 to try offenses by magistrates and senators
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ambitiones
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formal walks through Forum where candidate, with supporters, greeted citizens and requested support
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equites
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citizens composing a portion of the Roman elite; Gaius made them jurors of cases involving corruption in the provinces
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senatus consultum ultimum
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final decree of the senate- often used in relation to death
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optimates
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leaders who futhered their careers by building coalitions of senators to back their plans
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populares
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leaders who furthered their careers by seeking popularity among the citizen body
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186
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investigation of cult of Bacchus begins after reports of ritual murders and poisonings
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Romans capture city of veii
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396
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Gauls sack Rome
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387
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Lucuis Genucius passed law one could not hold more than one office at a time or hold consulship more than once in ten years
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342
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First Samnite War
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343-341
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Latin War
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341-338
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Second Samnite War
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326-304
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Third Samnite War
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298-290
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Pyrrhic Victory
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280
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Pyrrhus defeated and returns home
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275
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133
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Tiberius holds office of tribune, enacts agrarian law, tries to run for tribune again, is killed by colleagues
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124-123
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Gaius holds office of tribune
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121
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Gaius runs for 3rd tribunate term; is unsuccessful and is ultimately killed by Opimius and his followers
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lex provinciae
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law governing organization, tax collection, and political status of a Roman province
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quaestio de reputundis
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a special jury which hears complaints of corruption among provincial governors
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novus homo
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a "new man"; the first member of a family to serve as a senator
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publicani
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syndicate of private individuals who worked on the behalf of the Roman government
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lex provinciae
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the laws which established the fundamental treatment of a province by Rome
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Proscriptions
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lists of individuals condemned to death without trial
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Quaestiones
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jury courts
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Manus marriage
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places both the wife’s person and property under her husband’s control
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Univira
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never to have more than one husband
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Novus homo
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“new man”; first member of a family to become a Roman senator
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Collegia
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associations
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Pontifex maximus
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head of the “pontifices,” colleges of Roman priests
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Parens Patriae
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Father of his Country
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Marcus Atilius Regulus
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Consul that was defeated and captured in First Punic War, writers later portrayed his defeat in a positive light
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Hannibal Barca
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Carthaginian General during the Second Punic War
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Quintus Fabius Maximus
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Dictator during the Second Punic, known as "the Delayer" (Cunctator)
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Scipio Africanus
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Overcame Carthaginian forces in Spain and Northern Africa during the Second Punic War
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Lucius Mummius
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Captured and destroyed Corinth
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Scipio Aemilianus
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Captured and destroyed Carthage at the end of the Third Punic War
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Conflict in Spain
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113-101- Marius is reelected consul every year to deal with the conflict
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War with Jugurtha
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112-105; Senate divides the kingdom; Jugurtha invades; Sulla convinces some guy to betray Jugurtha and he is defeated
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Social War
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91-87; Rome offers citizenship to all the communities that had remained loyal
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Sulpicius Rufus
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88- wants the new citizens to be distributed amongst all the tribes, gets Marius' suppor only if Sulla's command against Mithradates is reassigned to him. But Sulla marches on Rome
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Cinna's Rule
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87-84; takes up cause for redistributing the new citizens; senate declares him an enemy; Marius and Cinna take Rome
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Asian Vespers
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Mithridates arranges a maassacre of all resident Romans or Itialians in a former Roman province of Asia
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Asian Vespers
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88- Mithridates arranges a massacre of all resident romans or Italians in a former province of Asia
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82-81
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Sulla institutes proscriptions to eliminate prominate individuals; also doubles senate members; limits power of tribute; prevents "future Sullas"
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Pompey
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Renowned general who was elected consul; solves issues with pirates and Mithridates and acquired a great deal of land for Rome
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Caesor
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Used heavy bribery to win the office of pontifex maximus; supported Pompey's interests
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