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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rock
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A solid material in the earth's crust that is natural combination of minerals or other materials
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texture
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How a rock looks and feels based on the sizes of the minerals grains and other particles that compose the rock
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petrology
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grain (rock)
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Pieces and particles or mineral crystals, rock fragments, and even fossils in a rock that determine its texture
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igneous rock
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A rock formed from solid magma or lava
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pegmatite
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A coarse-grained igneous rock with very large interlocking crystals. Grams are often larger than 1in. across
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porphyry
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An igneous rock containing a few large mineral grains embedded in a very fine-textured matrix
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phanerite
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An igneous rock composed of distinct mineral grains that are small and more or less the same size
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aphanitic (rock)
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A fine-grained igneous rock with crystals too small to see, even with a microscope; often extrusive igneous rock
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sedimentary rock
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A rock made of sediments produced by erosion or chemical precipitation
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clast
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A piece of broken or eroded rock
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clastic sedimentary rock
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A rock made from the eroded fragments of other rocks
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non clastic sedimentary rock
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A sedimentary rock composed of materials that are not classi erosion sediments; nonclastic sedimentary rocks formed from chemical precipitation or from the deposition of marine fossils
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chemical sedimentary rock
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A rock composed of chemical precipitates; one form of non clastic sedimentary rock
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precipitation (chemical)
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In geology, any process that causes chemical substances dissolved in water to form a solid compound that settles out of solution
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metamorphic rock
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An igneous, sedimentary, or even another metamorphic rock that seems to have been physically and chemically changed over time by temperature, pressure, or the presence of hydrothermal fluids
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regional metamorphism
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Metamorphism that occurred over large areas caused by widespread, regional tectonic forces, heat, or the pressure from the weight of overlying rock
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contact metamorphism
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Metamorphism caused mainly by contact with high-temperature magma or lava
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dynamic metamorphism
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Metamorphism that occurred when conditions rapidly changed in rock; may still occur in rocks near very active faults
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foliated metamorphic rock
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Metamorphic rock containing flattened or flaky mineral crystals, giving it a banded or layered appearance
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nonfoliated metamorphic rock
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A metamorphic rock that doesn't have bands or layers; tends to break into sharp angular pieces
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rock cycle
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A naturalistic, old-earth ideas that rock is recycled just like nearly every other natural resource
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