Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Igneous rock |
Type of rock formed from from magma or lave |
|
|
Metamorphic rock |
Type of rock created by heat, pressure, or hot fluids |
|
|
Sedimentary rock |
Type of rock created by sediments compacted and cemented together |
|
|
Foliated |
A metamorphic rock that has minerals arranged in layers |
|
|
Non-foliated |
A metamorphic rock that does not have layers |
|
|
Intrusive |
Igneous rock formed underground. Example: granite |
|
|
Extrusive |
Igneous rock formed on the earth's surface. Example: obsidian |
|
|
Felsic |
Silica-rich, light-colored igneous rock |
|
|
Mafic |
Silica-poor, dark-colored igneous rock |
|
|
Fine-grained |
Igneous rock that does not have visible mineral grains. Cools quickly |
|
|
Coarse-grained |
Igneous rock that have visible mineral grains. Cools slowly. |
|
|
Compaction and cementation |
The process by which sediments become sedimentary rock |
|
|
Weathering and erosion |
The process by which rock becomes sediment |
|
|
Rock Cycle |
The constant, slow change of rocks from one type to another |
|
|
Clastic |
A type of sedimentary rock that contains rock fragments |
|
|
Chemical sedimentary |
Sedimentary rock created when minerals crystallize out of solution |
|
|
Solid, naturally occurring, inorganic, fixed composition, and crystal form |
The 5 properties of a mineral |
|
|
Oxygen and Silicon |
The 2 most common elements in the Earth's crust |
|
|
Luster |
The property of minerals that describe how they reflect light. Can be metallic or nonmetallic |
|
|
Streak |
The color left behind when a mineral is scratched on an unglazed tile |
|
|
Hardness |
The measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched |
|
|
Moh's scale of hardness |
A scale that uses some common items to describe the hardness of minerals |
|
|
Fracture |
The way that a mineral breaks. Flat, even breaks are called cleavage |
|
|
Talc |
The softest mineral |
|
|
Diamond |
The hardest mineral |
|
|
obsidian and pumice |
Examples of an extrusive igneous rocks |
|
|
Cleavage |
The property of minerals that describes breakage along smooth, flat planes |
|
|
Obsidian |
Volcanic glass. An extrusive igneous rock that has a glassy appearance from cooling quickly |
|
|
Thousands |
Number of known minerals in the world |
