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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are photoreceptors capable of? |
Phototransduction |
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What is phototransduction? |
The conversion of photons into a biological signal |
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How does phototransduction happen? |
With special proteins located in photoreceptors |
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What are the two primary types of photoreceptors? |
Rods and cones |
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How many rods are in the eye? |
About 120 million |
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How many cones are in the eye? |
About 6 million |
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What are rods capable of? |
Low light detection |
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What are cones capable of? |
Color perception and accuity |
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What kind of vision do rods support? |
Scotopic vision |
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What kind of vision do cones support? |
Photopic vision |
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What are the three subtype of cones? |
Short, medium, and long wavelength cones |
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What is the name for the three types of cones? |
Trichromats |
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What do all photoreceptors contain? |
Visual pigments |
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How do visual pigments in cones work? |
They break down under certain wavelengths |
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How do visual pigments in rods work? |
They break down under all wavelengths |
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What protein do all pigments contain? |
Opsin |
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What are the two pigments opsin joins with? |
Retinal and Retinine |
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What helps synthesize retinal and retinine? |
Vitamin A |
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What is the visual pigment for rods? |
Rhodopsin |
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What are the three pigments cones respond to, along with the color and percent present in the retina? |
Long wavelengths, red, 40-45% --- Medium wavelengths, green, 40-45% --- Short wavelengths, blue, 5-10% |
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What is opponent process? |
An explanation of color vision that is based on efficiency to process differences in cone response instead of individual response |
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What are the two types of color blindness and the corresponding color? |
Protanopia, less sensitive to red. Deuteranopia, less sensitive to green. |
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What is the name of color blindness due to missing cones? |
Dichromats |
