Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Seismic waves |
body waves (p and s waves)
surface waves |
|
|
Surface to center order...
|
Crust (solid) |
|
|
Minerals
|
Naturally-occurring, inorganic solid with a definite atomic structure and chemical composition. |
|
|
mineral properties |
hardness, cleavage, fracture, color streak, luster |
|
|
rock types |
igneous - forms from cooling of magma sedimentary - forms from lithificationof rock fragments metamorphic rocks - forms from changes in rock temp/pressure |
|
|
Burial |
when additional sediment accumulates on top burying original sediment |
|
|
compaction |
weight of overlying sediment reduces the pore space between sediment particles |
|
|
cementation |
precipitation of minerals within pores that effectivelhy binds (glues) sediment together (CaCO3, Si) |
|
|
clastic |
made from particles of preexisting rocks |
|
|
non-clastic |
formed from chemical solution o from organic deposition |
|
|
clastic rocks |
conglomerate
sandstone shale |
|
|
non-clastic rocks
|
limestone |
|
|
strata |
layer of sedimentary rockor soil |
|
|
unconformity |
gap in the rock record |
|
|
3 factors that determine the violence of an eruption
|
composition, temp, dissolved gases
|
|
|
lahars |
viscous mudflow of pyroclastic debris and water, may be triggered by rapid snow melt or rain |
|
|
pyroclastic flows |
composed of hot ash, pumice, rock fragments, and volcanic gas
|
|
|
focus |
the location where earthquakes originate |
|
|
epicenter |
the oint directly above the focus on the earth s surface |
|
|
magnitude |
measure sthe amount of energy released |
|
|
intensity |
measures the amount of shaking that has occurred
|
|
|
intensity
|
Mercalli Scale)))) based on damage sustained. factors that determine structural damage
|
|
|
liquefaction |
saturation of ground material turning into a fluid |
|
|
fault |
fracture in crustal rock where one side is displaced with respect to the other side |
|
|
sublimation |
solid to gas |
|
|
deposition |
gas to solid
|
|
|
stability of air
|
determines cloud types, intensity of precipitation |
|
|
relative humidity
|
amount of water vapour in air
|
|
|
saturated |
air is filled to 100% capacity |
|
|
stable air |
cooler/denser than surrounding air (sinks),
resists vertical displacement, light to moderate precipitation |
|
|
unstable air
|
warmer and less dense than surrounding air (rises), clouds are often "towering", heavy precipitation |
|
|
earth's axis tilt |
23.5 degrees |
|
|
O3
|
OZONE, 3 OXYGENS
|
|
|
2 types of heat
|
solar + terrestial |
|
|
atmospheric pressure |
weight of the air (decreases with altitude)_ |
|
|
adiabatic temperature
|
changes when air is compressed (warm) or expand (cools)
|
|
|
heat |
measured in calories |
|
|
states of matter
|
solid, liquid, gas |
