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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vieilles Vignes
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"Old Vines" in french
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who controls french wine law?
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Institut National des Appellation d’Origine (INAO)
The institute has officially changed names as of January 01, 2007 to L'Institut National de l'Origine et de la Qualité. INOQ The organization in charge of administering, regulating, granting and protecting the APPELLATION CONTRÔLÉES of France Based in Paris but run by regional committees and administrative centers Service de Répression des Fraudes Office National Interprofessionel des Vins de Table (ONIVINS) |
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clos
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walled in vinyard
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famous winemaker Christian moueix ownes what napa valley winery and is head winemaker where else
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dominus in napa and chateau petrus in pomerol France
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what is saignee
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to run off some of the juice to increase skin to juice ratio
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what does chambre mean
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Room temp
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what is an ortilan
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small bird, known for being drowned in cognac and eaten whole
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what are the 5 basic categories of vin de pays
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regional , departementale, , and zonal
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name the 5 regional vin d pays
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Comté Tolosan, Comtés Rhodaniens, Jardin de la France, Oc, Portes de Mediterranée
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what year was he concept of vin de pays officially born
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1973 - although originally proposed Feb. 8th 1930
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What is vins de cépage
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pure varietal vin de pays
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Who is Rudolf Steiner
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1861- 1925 founder of a movement called Anthroposophy often descibed as "spiritual science". Influenced by goeth who he edited for in his youth. He gave a series of lectures on agriculture in 1924, which followers like Maria Thun established a system called Biodynamics
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What are the 4 levels of french wine law?
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Vin de Table
Vin de Pays Vin Délimitée de Qualité Supérieure - VDQS Appellation d’Origine Controlée - AOC or AC |
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how many AOC's are there
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470 ISH
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What is controlled by the Appellation d’Origine Controlée
(hint: there are 6) |
Area of production – based on soil composition
Permitted grape varieties Viticultural practices – planting densities, harvesting etc. Maximum yield per hectare Vinification methods Minimum alcohol percentages There is an official tasting and analysis of all AOC wines |
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What was instituted into wine law in 1949
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Vins Delimitée de Qualité Supérieure – VDQS
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What was instituted into wine law in 1979
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Vin de Pays
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what are the 4 qualifications for a Vin de Pays
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Area of production – Regional-Departmental or Zonal
Grape Varieties Yields Analytical standards |
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what and where are the 5 vin de pays
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Vins de Pays du Jardin de la France
the Loire Vins de Pays des Comtés Rhodaniens Most of the Rhone Valley, Beaujolais, Savoie, Jura Vins de Pays du Comté Tolosan Southwest France excluding Bordeaux Vins de Pays d’Oc the Languedoc Port de Méditerranée Provence |
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what proportion of vins de table must be sent to distillery
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production over 90hl/ha
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what are the labeling restrictions of vins de table
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no grape variety, no vintage, no origin
ZIND! |
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can you capitalize a vins de table wine
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no
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what does the cascade system refer to
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Abolition of the Cascade System
Prior to 1974 over-production was possible due to “en cascade” For example: a St. Estephe winemaker who produced 50hl/ha could sell 40 hl/ha as AC St.Estephe 3 hl/ha as AC Haut-Medoc 7 hl/ha as AC Bordeaux |
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after cascade system how did the PLC system work
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New system:
Basic permitted yield – rendement de base Annual adjustment - rendement annuel Plafond Limite de Classement - plc Additional 20% allowance |
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What is in place now to keep winemakers from taking advantage of the PLC system
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The rendement annuel and the plc are capped by a single rendement butoir
Literally a ‘yield stopper’ which can never be exceeded and is usually about 20% above the base yield (in Cotes du Rhone the rb is 60 hl/ha) |
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What new system of yields is in place in BX and Burgundy
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Another system is being trialled in Bordeaux …. and recently initiated in Burgundy too
Rendement moyen decennal Here the idea is that the rmd cannot be exceeded but it can be aggregated over a 10 year period …so in poor years, a producer is encouraged to reduce yields below the maximum (and thus improving quality) And can ‘bank’ excess yields for good years (when their wine should be of a better quality and likely sell for a higher price) |
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Jura
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Eastern France, set amid the ski slopes of the French Alps. Vineyards are situated on the lower slopes of the Jura Mountains. Runs parallel to the Burgundy region.
Red, white, rosé, sparkling, vin de paille, vin jaune, and vin de liqueur. Especially known for vin de paille. • Severely hit by phylloxera, and many vineyards were not replanted. Climate: Continental. Hot summers, cold winters. The mountain ranges can provoke sudden changes, although these may be mitigated by the effects of Lake Geneva and Lake Bouget. Soil Type(s): Limestone mixed with clay over a subsoil of marl. At Arbois and Chateau-Chalon, there are limestone and marl topsoils over a base of sandy and gravelly marls. Practices and Special Issues: Varietal(s): Tons of distinctive local varieties. Primarily: Savagnin (aka Traminer or Naturé), Chardonnay for whites. Poulsard, Trousseau, Pinot Noir, and Gamay for reds. Rosés are all red and whites plus Pinot Gris. |
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what are 3 unique wines produced in jura
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• Vin de Paille: ‘Straw wine’. This wine is made from grapes that are dried to concentrate the juice, followed by a long fermentation and up to four years in wood. These are very sweet white wines with a rich, nutty, flavor.
• Vin Jaune: A unique style. Fermented from Savagnin in a normal manner, then left to age in sealed 228-liter wooden barrels for six years with no topping up. During this time, a sherry-like flor develops (called voile). The changes induced by the flor give the vin jaune a resemblance to fino sherry, but the fact that it is not fortified and from a different grape give a unique character. Bottled in a 620 ml bottle (supposedly the volume left of an original liter put into cask) called a clavelin. An acquired taste, and best drunk when very old. The best producer is Chateau Chalon. • Many lesser vin jaunes are (unfortunately) blended back into otherwise light-bodied, fresh white table wines. • Vin Fou: “Mad Wine”. Infamous, refreshing sparkling wine from Henri Maire. Has no appellation. Comes in various different cuvées. Introduced the world to Jura wines (other high-quality wines were too pricey and rare). |
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Arbois Mousseux AOC
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jura
Sparkling wines under this appellation must be made by Méthode Traditionelle. |
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Arbois AOC
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jura
The best-known and largest appellation of the Jura. Hometown of Louis Pasteur. This is the heart of red wine production in the Jura. Varietally-labeled red, white, and rosé wines. Pupillin is a single commune cru that can add its name to the AC of Arbois. Reds from Trousseau, Poulsard, and Pinot Noir. Whites are Savagnin, Chardonnay, and Pinot Blanc. Famous for its dry rosés made in the pale vin gris style. Also, vin jaune, vin de paille, and mousseux. Was the first AOC in France in 1936 – the quality-minded efforts of Fruitiére Vinicole d’Arbois |
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Chateau-Chalon AOC
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jura
The most legendary exponent of vin jaune. Single estate AC for Vin Jaune, bottled in the squat, square bottle called a clavelin. |
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L’Etoile AOC
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jura
Takes its name from the star-shaped limestone fossils in the soils. Vin Jaune, Vin de Paille, and some Mousseux made. Best known for Chardonnay-based white wines (with some Savagnin). |
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Côtes du Jura AOC
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Varietally-labeled wines. Light colored reds from Poulsard, Trousseau, and Pinot Noir. Most of the production is white wines from Savagnin and Chardonnay. Some vin gris-style rosé and mousseux are produced.
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Crémant du Jura AOC
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This appellation was introduced in 1995, and can be used for any wine conforming to vin mousseux AOCs of the Côtes du Jura.
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Macvin du Jura AOC
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A vin de liqueur made by adding marc. White (from Chardonnay, Poulsard, and Savagnin), red (from Poulsard, Trousseau, and Pinot Noir), and rosé (from Poulsard, Trousseau, and Pinot Noir).
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Savoie
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Eastern France, set amid the ski slopes of the French Alps. Vineyards are situated on the lower slopes of the mountains. East of the Rhône and south of Lake Geneva. Cultivatable land is at a premium
Most wines are consumed in the local ski areas. Wines are often varietally labeled. Sparkling wine is a specialty. Climate: Continental. Hot summers, cold winters. The mountain ranges can provoke sudden changes, although these may be mitigated by the effects of Lake Geneva and Lake Bouget. Soil Type(s): Limestone scree, calcareous sand, and clay-like sand with alluvial deposits. Practices and Special Issues: Fairly large area, but vineyards are widely dispersed due to the mountains. Varietal(s): Gamay, Mondeuse, and Pinot Noir for reds. Jacquère, Altesse (Roussette), Mondeuse Blanc, Chardonnay, Aligoté, and Chasselas for whites. |
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Vin de Savoie AC
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Generic appellation with high standards. Mostly white, with some red and rosé. Several varieties are permitted. The whites are mostly based on Jacquère. 15 villages can attach their name (best are: Apremont, Arbin, Chignin, Chignin-Bergeron [Roussanne only], and Montmélian – full list in Sotheby’s pg. 227). Blended and single varietal wines.
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Vin de Savoie Mousseux, Vin de Savoie Pétillant AC
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Very consistent and undervalued generic traditional method sparkling wines. Primarily from Aligoté, Roussette, Jacquère, Chardonnay, Mondeuse, and Pinot Gris. The Pétillant is semi-sparkling, the mousseux fully.
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Crépy AC
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savoie
Light-bodied dry white wine made from Chasselas. |
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Seyssel AC
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savoie
Whites and sparkling (Mousseux) made from Altesse (Roussette) and some Molette. |
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Roussette de Savoie AC
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Whites made from Altesse (aka Roussette), Mondeuse Blanc, and max 50% Chardonnay. Drier than Roussette de Bugey. Some villages may add their name to this appellation if the wine is 100% Roussette (Frangy, Marestel, Monterminod, and Monthoux).
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Roussette du Bugey VDQS
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savoie
Light, fresh, and agreeable off-dry wines with few pretensions. Min 50% Roussette, plus Chardonnay (until 2008). Some villages may add their name to this appellation, if harvested within an extremely low yield (Anglefort, Arbignieu, Chanay, Lagnieu, Montagnieu, and Virieu-le-Grand). |
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Bugey VDQS
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savoie
Fresh and fruity reds made from Gamay, Pinot Noir, and Mondeuse. Off-dry whites made from primarily Chardonnay and some others. Also some rosés from the red varietals. Formerly called Vin de Bugey (changed in 2004). Some villages (Manicle, Montagnieu, Virieu-le-Grand) may append their name. |
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Bugey Cerdon VDQS
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savoie
Bugey Cerdon VDQS |
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Savoie has 3 Aoc and 1 VDQS, name them
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vin de savoie, crépey, seyssel, and VDQS vin du bugey
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Jura is known for what famous frenchmen..... and Savoie
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Louis Pasteur ....... Brillat Savarin
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What s vin de Paille
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Straw wine
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Name the 3 sub AOC of Jura
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Arbois (all types of wine), Chateau-Cholon (vin Jaune), and l'Etuile (90%) Chard
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What is the local name for Roussanne in Savoie
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Bergeron
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Banyuls
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Made from Grenache – Grand Cru must be aged in wood for 30 months
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Maury
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similar to Banyuls
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Rivesaltes
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Muscat or Grenache
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