Respiratory System

Front 1

what does the respiratory system do?

Back 1

Responsible for gas exchange: The uptake and transport of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide

Front 2

what does the respiratory system consist of?

Back 2

Trachea

Bronchi

Intercostal Muscles

Diaphragm

Thorax + Abdomen

Nasal and Oral cavities

The pharynx and Larynx

Lungs and bronchial tree

Alveoli and pleurae

Front 3

ventilation

Back 3

the movement of air in and out of the lungs

Front 4

gas exchange

Back 4

the 'swapping' of gases between the alveolar air and the blood

Front 5

what happens when you inhale?

Back 5

1. Intercostal contract, expanding the rib cage
2. The diaphragm contracts, pulling downwards

3. There is a decrease in pressure and air is drawn into the lungs

Front 6

what happens when you exhale?

Back 6

1. Intercostal muscles relax allowing the ribcage to drop inwards and downwards

2. The diaphragm relaxes and moves up

3. There is an increase in pressure and air is forced out of the lungs

Front 7

what are the 2 regions of the respiratory system?

Back 7

The conducting region controls the flow of air and consists of the oral and nasal cavities,the bronchial tree and bronchioles

The respiratory region is responsible for gas exchange and consists of the alveoli

Front 8

Alveoli

Back 8

Alveoli are the functional units of the respiratory system

They are surrounded by numerous capillaries, have thin single-celled walls (to allow for diffusion), a large surface area and are moist and ventilated

Front 9

what happens in gas exchange?

Back 9

Gas exchange is the movement of gases across the respiratory membrane (by diffusion) which is dependent upon the partial pressure of each gas (partial pressure is the equivalent of concentration).

Front 10

what is the uptake and unloading in gas exchange

Back 10

If there is a high concentration of O2 (in lungs) there will be uptake

If there is low concentration of O2 (in the tissues) there will be unloading

Front 11

haemoglobin

Back 11

Oxygen is carried on the haemoglobin in the red blood cells

Front 12

what happens to the concentration of CO2 in the Alveoli

Back 12

Blood arriving the in alveoli has a higher carbon dioxide concentration (produced during respiration). However, the air in the alveoli has a much lower concentration of carbon dioxide meaning there is a concentration gradient which allows carbon dioxide to diffuse our of the blood and into the alveolar air

Front 13

what happens to the concentration of oxygen in the Alveoli?

Back 13

Blood arriving into the alveoli has a lower oxygen concentration (already been used for respiration by body cells) while the air in the alveoli has higher oxygen concentration.

Front 14

what is oxyhaemoglobin

Back 14

OXYGEN MOVING INTO THE BLOOD BY DIFFUSION AND COMBINES WITH HAEMOGLOBIN IN RED BLOOD CELLS TO FORM OXYHAEMOGLOBIN

Front 15

what are 3 other functions of the respiratory system?

Back 15

an immune function

heart balance

speech

Front 16

nasal and mouth cavity

Back 16

let air into the body

Front 17

vocal chords

Back 17

make and control noises

Front 18

lungs

Back 18

oxygenate blood

Front 19

left and right bronchus

Back 19

allow ventilation of air to and from the lungs(The trachea divides and forms these, one going into each lung.)

Front 20

Diaphragm

Back 20

A sheet of muscle that forms the base of the thorax.

Front 21

Larynx

Back 21

Contains the Vocal Cords, also known as the voice box

Front 22

Trachea

Back 22

Allow ventilation of air to and from the lungs (A flexible tube kept open by rings of cartilage, also known as theWindpipe.)

Front 23

Bronchiole

Back 23

Further division of the bronchus forms many of these in eachlung.

Front 24

Alveoli

Back 24

A place where gas exchange takes place (O2 blood comes in and CO2blood comes out)

Front 25

label the diagram

Back 25