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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pneumothorax
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abnormal collection of air or gas in the pleural space that can cause collapsed lung
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spirometer
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device that measures the volume of air breathed in and out
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tidal volume (Vt)
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the volume of air entering or leaving the lungs during a single breath
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Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
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the extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the typical resting tidal volume
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Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
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the extra volume of air that can be actively expired by maximal contraction of the expiratory muscles beyond that normally passively expired at the end of a typical resting tidal volume
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residual volume (RV)
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the minimum volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a maximal expiration (cannot be measured directly with a spirometer)
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inspiratory capacity (IC)
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the maximum volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration
IC = IRV + Vt |
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functional residual capacity (FRC)
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the volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration
FRC = ERV + RV |
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vital capacity (VC)
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the maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration; VC represents the maximum volume changes possible within the lungs
VC = IRV + Vt + ERV |
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total lung capacity (TLC)
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the maximum volume of air that the lungs could hold
TLC = VC + RV |
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Total ventilation
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the process of bringing air in and out of the lungs
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Minute ventilation (MV)
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the total volume of air moved into the lungs per unit time
MV = Vt x RR |
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Alveolar ventilation (Va)
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measures the volume of air that actually reaches the alveoli per unit time; takes into account dead space volume
Va = RR x (Vt - Vd) Vd = anatomic dead space |
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dead space volume
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the volume of air that does not reach areas of lung where gas exchange occurs
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