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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Trachea |
A single tube from the mouth to the bronchi. Covered in C-shaped cartilage. |
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Bronchi |
2 tubes going from the trachea to the lungs. |
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C-shaped cartilage |
Goes around the trachea and bronchi to stop them collapsing. |
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Bronchioles |
Thousands of tiny tubes in the lungs leading to the alveoli |
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Alveoli |
Air sacs where gas exchange happens. |
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Adaptations of alveoli |
Large surface area Good blood supply Thin wall Close to capillaries Moist |
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Diffusion |
The method of transport of oxygen into the blood from the alveoli. |
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Gas exchange |
In the alveoli. Oxygen from the lungs to the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to the lungs |
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Ciliated cell |
Cells in the trachea and bronchi that have hairs called cilia. They move mucus up to the throat where it is swallowed |
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Goblet cell |
Cells in the trachea and bronchi that make mucus that traps dust and pathogens so they do not enter the lungs |
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Diaphragm |
A sheet of muscle under the lungs. When it contracts it moves down and inflate the lungs. When it relaxes it goes up to deflate the lungs |
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External intercostal muscles |
Muscles between the ribs. When they contract they move the ribs up and out and inflate the lungs. |
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Internal intercostal muscles |
Muscles between the ribs. When they contract they quickly move the ribs in and down, deflating the lungs |
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Pleural membranes |
Two membranes between the ribs and lungs. They make pleural fluid that sticks the lungs to the ribs |
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Aerobic respiration |
Releasing the energy in food in your cells using oxygen |
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Equation for aerobic respiration |
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy |
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Symbol equation for aerobic respiration |
C6H12C6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy |
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Anaerobic respiration |
Releasing the energy from food in cells without oxygen |
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Equation for anaerobic in yeast and plants |
Glucose -> carbon dioxide + ethanol + little energy |
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Symbol equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast and plants |
C6H12O6 -> 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH + little energy |
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Uses of yeast |
Making bread and beer |
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Equation for anaerobic respiration in animals |
Glucose -> lactic acid + little energy |
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Formula equation of anaerobic respiration in animals |
C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3 + little energy |
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Oxygen debt |
When an animal does anaerobic respiration it needs to pay back with oxygen for all the energy of have used. |
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Lactic acid |
Causes muscles to be stiff and sore. Created during anaerobic respiration |
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Pyruvate |
A useful compound that is made in the liver from lactic acid reacted with oxygen. It can be used in respiration |
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Energy |
Something that can 'do work'. Examples are heat, kinetic, chemical and light |
