Research Psychology

Front 1

Authority

Back 1

whenever we accept the validity of information from a source that we judge to be expert or influential in some way.

Front 2

Use of Reason

Back 2

logic and reason. The value of logically drawn conclusions depends on the truth value of the premises, and it takes more than logic to determine whether the premises have merit.

Front 3

A priori method

Back 3

beliefs are deducted from statements about what is thought to be true according to the rules of logic. A belief develops before a person has experience.

Front 4

Experience

Back 4

Empiricism- the process of learning things through direct observation or experience, and reflection on those experinces.

Front 5

What are the social cognition biases?

Back 5

Belief Perseverance, confirmation bias, and availiabliity heuristic.

Front 6

Belief Perseverance (Tenacity)

Back 6

motivated by a desire to be certain about one's knowledge, it is a tendency to hold doggedly onto a belief, even in the face of evidence that would convince most people that it is false.

Front 7

Confirmation Bias

Back 7

a tendency to search out information that supports one's beliefs while ignoring contray information.

Front 8

Availiability heuristic

Back 8

when we experience unusual or very memorable events and then overestimate how often such events typically occur.

Front 9

Science

Back 9

a logic of inquiry

Front 10

HyDEAR

Back 10

Hypothesis, design, execute, analyze, and report

Front 11

Rationalism and Zeno's Paradox

Back 11

if you reason through it, it's right and "logical"

Front 12

What two things do researchers assume?

Back 12

Determinism and discoverability

Front 13

Determinism

Back 13

events have causes

Front 14

Discoverability

Back 14

by using agreed upon scientific methods, these causes can be discovered.

Front 15

Statistical determinism

Back 15

argues events have cause and can be predicted, but only with a probablity greater than chance.

Front 16

Scientist's systematic observations:

Back 16

A) precise definitions of the phenomena being measured. B) reliable and valid measuring tools that yiled useful data. C) generally accepted research methodologies. D) A system of logic for drawing conclusions and fitting those conclusions into general themes.

Front 17

Objectivity

Back 17

eliminating expectations and bias

Front 18

Introspection

Back 18

form of self-report

Front 19

Data-driven

Back 19

evidence of objective information gathered through some systematic procedure.

Front 20

Empirical questions

Back 20

those that can be answered through the systematic observations and techniques that characterizes scientific methodology Allows specific predictions to be made.

Front 21

Theory

Back 21

a set of statements that summarize what is known about some phenomena and propose working explanations for those phenomena.

Front 22

Falsification

Back 22

can be disproven

Front 23

Pseudoscience

Back 23

appears to use scitnfic methods and tries hard to give this impresion, but it is actually based on inadequte, unscientific methods and makes claims that are false.

Front 24

Anecdotal evidence

Back 24

specific instances that seem to provide evidence for some phenomena

Front 25

Effort justification

Back 25

after people expend significant effor, they feel compelled to convince themselves that the effortwas worhtwhile.

Front 26

What are the goals of research in psychology?

Back 26

Description, prediction, explanation, and application.

Front 27

Description

Back 27

identify regularly occuring sequences of events, including both stimuli or environmental events and respones or behavioral events.

Front 28

Prediction

Back 28

behavior follows laws - saying that regular and predictable relationships exist between variables. The strength of these relationships allows predictions to be made with some degree of confidence.

Front 29

Explanation

Back 29

to explain some behavior is to know what caused it to hapen

Front 30

Application

Back 30

refers simply to the various ways of applying those prinicples of behavior learned through research.