Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Name the parts of the flower. |
Petals Stigma Anthers Nectary Sepal Filament/Stamen Ovary Ovum |
|
|
What is the function of petals? |
To attract insects for insect pollination |
|
|
What is the function of the stigma? |
To receive pollen on its sticky surface |
|
|
What is the function of the style? |
Upper part of stigma that receives pollen |
|
|
What is the function of the ovary (in plants)? |
Contains the ovules |
|
|
What is the ovule (in plants)? |
The female gametes |
|
|
What is the function of the stamen/filament? |
Connects anthers to rest of plant |
|
|
What is the function of the sepal? |
Protects the flower when it is in bud |
|
|
What is the function of the anther? |
Makes pollen |
|
|
What is pollen? |
Male gametes
|
|
|
What is the function of the nectary? |
Store of sugars at the base of the plant |
|
|
What is pollination? How does fertilisation happen in plants? |
Pollen from the anther of one plant is deposited onto the stigma of a different flower of the same specie. A pollen tube grows down the stigma of the flower. The pollen tube carries the nucleus of the pollen into the ovary, where it fuses with an ovule (fertilisation) |
|
|
What are the signs of fertilisation in plants? |
-petals die and fall away -fertilised ovule turns into a seed -ovary may fill with sugars and turn into a fruit |
|
|
Describe the differences in appearance between insect pollinated and wind pollinated flowers. |
Insect pollinated flowers have: -larger, more colourful petals -do not have an exposed stigma -anthers are small and inside the flower
Wind pollinated flowers make larger quantities of pollen. |
|
|
What is germination? What conditions are needed for a seed to germinate? |
The process of a seed growing into a new plant. -presence of water -presence of oxygen (seeds need to respire) -correct temp (for enzymes) |
|
|
How can plants reproduce asexually? |
Runners and Cuttings |
|
|
Make sure you can label human reproductive organs! |
Oi. |
|
|
What is the function of the ovary (humans)? |
where ova are produced |
|
|
What is the function of the uterus? |
it is where a fertilised egg can develop |
|
|
What is the function of the oviduct/fallopian tube? |
where the ovum can be fertilised |
|
|
What is the function of the cervix? |
the base of the uterus |
|
|
What is the function of the testes? |
where sperm are produced |
|
|
What is the function of the gland? |
produces a fluid for the sperm to swim in |
|
|
What is the function of the penis? |
places sperm into the vagina during intercourse |
|
|
What is the function of the sperm duct? |
Take sperm to the gland |
|
|
What is the function of the urethra in males? |
Carry sperm (and urine) out of the penis |
|
|
What is an ova? |
An egg cell |
|
|
What is a zygote? |
a fertilised sex cell |
|
|
What is the difference between a zygote and an embryo? |
A zygote becomes an embryo as it starts to cell divide. |
|
|
What are the effects of puberty in girls? |
-Breasts develop -Hips widen -Growth of body and pubic hair -vagina matures -Menstruation begins |
|
|
What are the effects of puberty in boys? |
-testes drop -larynx enlarges -penis enlarges -production of sperm (spermatogenesis) -growth of body and pubic hair -muscles grow |
|
|
Describe days 1-7 of the menstrual cycle. |
-Period -Corpus lutem dies -progesterone levels fall -endometrium is no longer maintained -FSH |
|
|
Describe days 7-13 of the menstrual cycle. |
-ova starts to mature inside follicle -oestrogen released -FSH inhibited so no more eggs mature -LH |
|
|
What happens on day 14 of the menstrual cycle? What happens after this? |
-Ovulation -egg released into fallopian tube -empty follicle turns into corpus lutem that produces progesterone -FSH release inhibited so another egg doesn't release |
|
|
What is the function of FSH? Where is produced? What is its target organ? |
Causes ovaries to produce a follicle and for the egg to mature Produced in pituitary gland Target organ ovary |
|
|
What is the function of LH? Where is produced? What is its target organ? |
Stimulates ovulation Produced in pituitary gland Target organ ovary |
|
|
What is the function of oestrogen? Where is produced? What is its target organ? |
Causes uterus lining to thicken, stops FSH release, stimulates LH release Produced in ovary Target organ pituitary gland |
|
|
What is the function of progesterone? Where is produced? What is its target organ? |
Maintains uterus lining Produced in ovary Target organ pituitary gland |
|
|
Explain the function of the placenta. |
Exchanges substances between the baby and mother.
|
|
|
What substances are passed, via the placenta, from: -mother to baby? -baby to mother? |
mother to baby -oxygen -water -glucose -amino acids -minerals
from baby to mother: -water -urea -carbon dioxide |
|
|
How is the placenta formed? |
-Egg and sperm cell fuse (fertilisation) -resulting zygote begins to divide by mitosis and becomes an embryo -embryo develops a placenta |
|
|
True or false. The baby's and mother's blood streams mix to exchange substances. |
False, they come very close but never mix If they mixed, the mother's white blood cells would attack the baby |
|
|
How has the placenta adapted for its function? |
-Large surface area -Villi -Only a few cells thick -Blood supplies keep concentration gradients high -Counter current system |
|
|
Name another thing that the embryo produces for protection. |
Amnion a membrane sac that fills with amniotic fluid to cushion and protect the embryo |
