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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hinduismis an ________ religion known for its _________ & __________ |
eastern diversity & tolerance |
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OriginallyIndian |
– in the Indus Valley
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Hinduisms origin is? |
unknown- not even myths about origins can indicate when it started
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Hinduismis not a religion that seeks? |
conversion in foreign territories
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Forseveral centuries India was under _______ control |
British
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Hinduismis not a term from Sanskrit language but it was imposed by the? |
British- a western world
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Hindusreferred themselves as? |
Sanatana Dharma or “eternal path”
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Asancient as? |
1500 BCE
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Withouta _______/______ or ________ _________ who gained followers |
founder/prophet charismatic leader |
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Areligion with sacred texts called? |
Vedas
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Vedasvary: |
liturgical, scriptural, philosophical, songs of praise, etc
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Hinduismhas _________ of other religions |
tolerance
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Oneof its principles is non-violence (_______) |
ahimsa
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IfHinduism is not a religion, it is a way of? |
way of living, of being, of existing
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Geographicallocation- Indus valley Betweentwo rivers: |
Indus & Ganges
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Geographicallocation- Indus valley Indusin the north – _________
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Pakistan
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Geographicallocation- Indus valley Gangesspreads from |
Bay of Bengal to the Himalayas
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Geographicallocation- Indus valley Hinduismpreceded other Indian religions like?
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Jainism and Buddhism (6th Century BCE)
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Geographicallocation- Indus valley Christianityentered in the ____ century while Islam in the ____Century ____
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1st Century 6th Century CE |
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Geographicallocation – Indus valley ___________also had its place in India since 1stCentury CE |
Judaism |
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Persianreligion _________ had its flourishing history in India |
Zoroastrianism
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The Aryan race Aryansgave a cultural ________ in India |
unity
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The Aryan race Educatedrace and has written the __________ – both heard (________) and remembered (_______) |
Vedas Sruti Smriti |
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TheAryan race Sanskrithas no concept of _________ – ___________ is a? |
religion is a European construct to denote specific rituals, praxis, sacred texts and so on
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The Aryan race Indianculture is religious with _______ |
diversity
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Hindusacred texts Vedasare sacred ancient ______ and mean _________ |
texts “knowledge” |
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Hindusacred texts What is heard” is? |
Shruti – a genre of the Vedas and includes the following: Samhitas; Brahamanas; Aranyakas; Upanishad. |
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Hindusacred texts Samhitasis a? |
collection of sacred texts such as Rig, Sama, Yajur & Atarva.
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Hindusacred texts What is remembered” is? |
Smriti – a) epic mythical tales such as Mahabharata (400 – 200 BCE) & Ramayana (300BCE-300CE)
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Hindusacred texts _________ ______ is short chapter of Mahabharata |
Baghavad Gita
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Hindusacred texts Puranas |
literally means “old story” – mythical in nature
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Hindusacred texts Dharmashastras(____ _______) |
law books
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Hindusacred texts ___________ writing are also included in Smriti |
Philosophical
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VedicReligions Twoaspects of Vedic religions that includes ancient texts: |
a) Sacrificial – yagna (Agni – god of fire) b) Visionary – of what is real away from the worldly vision which is illusionary |
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Some key concepts of Hinduism Anadhi and Samsara |
view of the universe in terms of repeated cyclical time, a universe that has no beginning Worldfunctions in time through 4 yugas . Each yuga dependson how long the vedas become understood. Once understood, a new yuga starts Currentlywe live in an era of Kali Yuga – depravation, change , decay era |
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Some key concepts of Hinduism Karma |
–law of action and its consequences Karmadetermines the different life cycles – the karma of a preceding life determinesthe next life. With good karma, the next round of life is better and so on till arriving to a state of bliss |
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Some key concepts of Hinduism Moksha |
release from cycle of birth-death-rebirth – state of freedom thanks to good karma in previous life cycles
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Key concepts Gunas |
– “threads”of quality of mind /body such as being virtuous being (Sattva), passionate (rajas) or highly polluted (tamas). Sattva remains the highest aspect of gunas.
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Goals of life:
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dharma (ethical discipline), Artha (wealthy), Kama (pleasurable), Moksha (freedom)
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Three paths in Hinduism Diversityof paths leading to the same _______ |
goal
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Three paths in Hinduism Eachof the thee paths include? |
samsara & moksha
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Three paths in Hinduism Jnana Marga |
(Knowledge of truth through intuition). Knowledge lead to freedom or moksha. Upanishad (lit. Sitting at the feet of the master for learning and debating). The focus is to know Brahman (Ultimate Reality, Supreme Being) & Atman (Spirit, Self) the chief force
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Three paths in Hinduism-Jnana Marga Theenemy is? |
illusion/maya;
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Three paths in Hinduism-Jnana Marga To know Brahman as ? |
“That thou art”(that You are).
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Three paths in Hinduism-Jnana Marga Jnanais to reach to the? |
oneness of the Ultimate Reality in all that exist (non-Advaita or non-duality). There is only ONE
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Three paths in Hinduism ÒBrahmanis cosmic, personable, yet includes multiplicity in its creative force. ________is the incarnated Brahman |
Vishnu
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Three paths in Hinduism Karma Marga – |
path of selfless deeds based on dharma. Each Hindu is born into a social class (varna) and each class has its described duties.
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Three paths in Hinduism-Karma Marga Hindusociety is based on ___ social classes, which are? |
Brahmins (priests); Kshatriyas (kings and warriors); Vaishyas: merchants and bankers; Shudras who are the lowest caste and they are labourers.
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Three paths in Hinduism-Karma Marga Ina life of a person there are four stages: |
Brahmacarya: student life; Grihastha: householder; Vanaprastha: forest dweller, or retired person; Sanyasa: renouncer, wandering ascetic.
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Three paths in Hinduism- Bkhati Marga |
path of devotion. Three aspects of this path: love,worship & devotion
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Three paths in Hinduism-Bkhati Marga Powerfulpath since the _____ _________ |
7th Century
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Three paths in Hinduism-Bkhati Marga ÒThispath brought about the _________ in Hindu culture as places of devoted ___________.Temples were build in mandala designs (squares in touch with circles)
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temples worship |
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Three paths in Hinduism-Bkhati Marga Temples were build in _____________designs (_________ in touch with _________) |
mandala squares circles |
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Three paths in Hinduism-Bkhati Marga Doesnot depend on the ________ system (varnas) |
caste varnas |
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Three paths in Hinduism Sothe concept of the Ultimate Reality in Hinduism entails these three gods: |
Brahman (Creator), Vishnu (Maintainer – Avatars, Krishna, Rama); Shiva (destroyer with followers Shaivas).
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Three paths in Hinduism The path to God requires a balance between |
knowledge, action and devotion
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Three paths in Hinduism-Bkhati Marga Three paths in Hinduism Yoga |
– a philosophy of life based on any marga
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Three paths in Hinduism Tantraall visual aspects of a deity: . |
meditation, geometric designs & mandalas.
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