Religion 205 Exam 2

Front 1

Three Gems of Buddhism

Back 1

The Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama), The Dharma (Buddhist teachings) and the Sangha (The Buddhist community)

Front 2

Siddhartha Gautama

Back 2

The Buddha, born a prince, followed the middle path between extreme asceticism an extreme indulgence, Reached enlightenment under the Bodhi tree.

Front 3

Jataka

Back 3

Texts recounting past Buddha's lives

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Maitreya

Back 4

The prophesized name that the next Buddha will have

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Four Noble Truths

Back 5

1. Duhka - All life is suffering

2. Trishna - Cause of suffering is craving or thirst for pleasures

3. Cessation - Destruction of suffering, stop desiring pleasure

4. The Eightfold path - The way to end suffering

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Karma

Back 6

Merit. Good karma creates good merit

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Nirvana

Back 7

Escape from samsara

Front 8

Anatman

Back 8

Having no self

Front 9

Skandhas

Back 9

The five aggregates of existance (Physical form, sensation, perception, mental formation, consciousness)

Front 10

Tripitaka

Back 10

Canon for Theravada Buddhists. 3 Baskets (discoveries, Rules for monastics, and extended teachings)

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Sutras

Back 11

A scriptural narrative, especially a text traditionally regarded as a discourse of the Buddha

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Sangha

Back 12

The Buddhist community

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Ashoka

Back 13

King who converted to Buddhism and had a "Dharma conquest" in order to spread Buddhism through India. Built many stupas and Ashoka pillars.

Front 14

Theravada Buddhism

Back 14

Cannon=Tripitaka; Only monastics can attain nirvana; Buddha-puja = a form of meditaion when one focuses intensely on the Buddha

Front 15

Vipassana Meditation

Back 15

Focusing on objects or devices (the Theravada Buddhism, there are 40 objects of concentration)

Front 16

Vision meditation

Back 16

Zen Buddhism; Concentration of breathing cycles

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Mahayana Buddhism

Back 17

Canon=Mahayana recognize hundreds of sutras not found in Tripitaka (Buddha's private teachings); Nirvana is accessible to all, not just monastics; Monastics take the Bodhisattva vow.

Front 18

Bodhisattva vow

Back 18

Vow a person takes that if they become enlightened, or are already, they will choose to be reincarnated anyway in order to help society in their next life

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Trikaya

Back 19

3 bodies

1. Appearance: Historical Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama)

2.Bliss: Buddha Fields

3. Dharma: Essence of the universe

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Pure Land Buddhism

Back 20

Amida vows to estalish a pure land for those devoted to him. Pure land is not heaven, it is a stage of non-regression

Front 21

Chan/Zen Buddhism

Back 21

Form of Mahayana Buddhism that rejects the reliance on heavenly Buddhas. Plower sutra. Use satori as a technique for achieving enlightenment

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Satori

Back 22

Communicating Buddha's teachings without words. Enlightenment comes in a sudden flash

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Vajrayana Buddhism

Back 23

Canon=Tantras (Secret advanced teachings;esoteric ritual text); Monastics take bodhisattva vow; Lamas = Reincarnated Bodhisattvas

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Dalai Lama

Back 24

Tenzin Gyatso; Head Lama; Top authoritative figure of Buddhist community

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Mahasattva

Back 25

Story in the Jataka about a man feeding his body to a starving tigress

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Abandoning the body

Back 26

a radical bodily path to achieving enlightnement

Front 27

Thich Quang Duc

Back 27

Vietnamese Mahayana buddhist munk who burned himself to death at a busy saigon road intersection on June 11 1963. Quang Duc was protesting the persectution of Buddhists by the south vietnamese government

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Sanjiao

Back 28

Three teachings (Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism)

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Warring States Period

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The power of the Zhou Dynasty declined and local governors could not depend on the Zhou emperor for protection; wars for power of control broke out

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Five classics

Back 30

Confucius's edited collections of old historical works

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The analects

Back 31

Collection of Confucius's Teachings

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Five Relationships that govern all human interation

Back 32

1. Ruler/Administrator

2. Father/Son

3. Husband/Wife

4. Elder Brother/Younger Brother

5. Friend/Friend

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Ren

Back 33

Benevolence; Empathetic understanding

Front 34

Filial Piety

Back 34

Respect for Parents

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Li

Back 35

Proprietary/ritual correctness

Front 36

Mandate of Tian/Heaven

Back 36

Tian maintains the power of just rulers

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Dao

Back 37

The way

Front 38

Laozi

Back 38

FOunder of Daoism

Front 39

Daodejing

Back 39

Classic Daoist text, written by Laozi

Front 40

Wuwei

Back 40

Non-Action; abandoning self-interest

Front 41

Tanakh

Back 41

3 sections containing 24 books

1.Torah (Law)

2. Nevi'im (Prophets)

3.Ketuvim (writings)

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Documentary hypothesis

Back 42

the torah combines writings of many authors over centuries; has many sources

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Merneptah's Stela

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Inscription by the Ancient Egyptian king Merneptah; represents the first documented instance of the name Isreal in the historical record

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Covenant

Back 44

An agreement between God and his people

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Hellenistic Jewish Thought

Back 45

Jewish priests promoted Greek ideals, Altar of Zeus is set up in the temple, Judaism is outlawed.

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First Century Jewish Sects

Back 46

1. Sadducees: Hellenized Priests, Jerusalem's rulling class (rejected devine intermediaries)

2.Pharisees: Local teachings of the covenant

3.Essenes: Opposed to the Hasmoneans; Messianic group

4. Sealots: Militant opponents of Roman Rule; Often times Messianic

5: Followers of Jesus

Front 47

Mishnah

Back 47

First commentaries of the Torah

Front 48

Talmud

Back 48

Mishna + Gemarah. Gemarah is the later opinions of Rabbies on the Torah and the Mishnah

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Mysticism

Back 49

Traditions seeking the direct experience of God

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Kabbalah

Back 50

Recieved Tradition

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The Zohar

Back 51

The Radiance. The concealed of the concealed