Redmond Vocab - Chapter 11, Section 1

Front 1

Amazon

Back 1

great river in South America that runs through valleys and the Amazon forest

Front 2

Bering Strait

Back 2

land bridge between the Asian and North American continents
scholars believe that people from Asia crossed this land bridge because they were hunters following bison and caribou
west of Alaska, east of Russia, north of Bering Strait

Front 3

Gulf of Mexico

Back 3

gulf south of the United States, Northeast of Mexico, and west of the Atlantic
many crops were grown here on the coast

Front 4

Hopewell

Back 4

people in the Ohio river valley who extended their culture along the Mississippi River
known as mound builders because they built elaborate earth mounds (some were in the shape of animals)

Front 5

Cahokia

Back 5

near modern city of East St., Illinois
a burial mound over 98 feet high was found here (the base is larger than the Great Pyramid in Egypt)
850-1150 AD - it was the seat of government for the Mississippian culture

Front 6

Iroquois

Back 6

people who lived in villages that consisted of longhouses and were surrounded by a wooden fence for protection
the men were warriors for protection and hunted deer, bear, caribou, and small animals (rabbits/beavers)
Women were gatherers, farmers (corn, bean, and squash), cooks, took care of children, and made baskets
they lived in present-day Pennsylvania, New York, and southeastern Canada
Two rulers, Deganawida and Hiawatha, created the Iroquois League and Great Peace
They also made the council of representatives, which was a group of 50 Iroquois leaders named the Grand Council
A group is many clans, or related families
This system was like a democracy

Front 7

longhouses

Back 7

houses built of wooden poles and covered with sheets of bark
they were 150-200 feet in length and could house 12 families

Front 8

clans

Back 8

groups of related families
Iroquois groups were made up of this

Front 9

tepees

Back 9

circular tents made of buffalo skin over wooden poles
they made excellent shelters because they were warm in the winter and cool in the summer
Also, they were made to be portable to keep up w/ the nomadic lifestyle and women would take them down and set them up when the tribe moved

Front 10

adobe

Back 10

sun-dried brick used to build pueblos
made by the Anasazi

Front 11

Anasazi

Back 11

Native Americans who inhabited southwest America - New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Colorado
dry, but enough rain for farming, so a farming society was set-up here
the Anasazi used canals and earthen dams to turn parts of the desert into fertile gardens
they were skilled at making baskets and pottery
used adobe to build pueblos
The Chaco Canyon in New Mexico was the center of the natives and Pueblo Bonito was its heart
a drought led to their end

Front 12

pueblos

Back 12

multi-storied structures that could house many people
built out of adobe

Front 13

Mesa Verde

Back 13

place in southern Colorado where the Anasazi built a series of buildings in the recesses of the cliff walls
a prolonged drought led to its abandonment