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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the three oldest civilizations in Mesopotamia (from oldest to youngest) and when did the first one come around?
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Sumerians, Akkadians, and Assyrians
First one came around 4500 BCE |
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Who were the Summerians?
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People who invented the world's first cities.
They founded Uruk, Erido, and Ur (the capital). |
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How big is Ur, where is it, and why is it important?
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It was the first city ever made and the capital of the Sumerians. It had a population of about 35,000 - 40,000 people and was located along the Euphrates river (in present-day Iraq)
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How big is Uruk and Erido?
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Uruk = 25,000 people
Erido = 20,000 people |
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How were the cities "organized?" Name some similarities.
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Each city was known as a "city-state" (an area of land around a city) which was controlled by that city.
Each had its own government, laws, army, and religion Most were ruled by Kings and Priests and most worshiped the sun-god |
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Describe the relationship between the King and Priests.
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The king was the ruler - he was the one with the army and the city. The priests were "public relations." They kept up the moral of the people. The priests would use their connection with the people to help out the king and the king would provide him with protection.
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Describe the important parts about the Sumerian city-state physical organization
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It's gates were on the northern and southern end so that an incoming army couldn't hide in the sun. The walls could be used to pour boiling water on enemies and there were towers taller than 30-40 feet. Water was put inside the city as well so people didn't have to leave to get it and the houses were built close together for less space and better hiding areas.
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What is the Ziggurat and why is it important?
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The Ziggurat is a temple in the middle of the Sumerian city-state that was built for the sun god. The priests held worships and lived there. It could be seen from anyway in the city to boost moral.
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What were the main duties of the King?
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Leading and training the armies by leading the army into battle, constructing battle plans, and planning the training schedule for the army.
Also, supervising the construction of public works. The King was responsible for the public works getting irrigation, storage, and construction. Finally, he was the leader of the law (punishment). |
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Describe the 4 parts of the Sumerian social structure.
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The king - protected priest and lead armies.
The priest - public relations Field workers - potters/average soldiers - more field workers are needed than anything else for food, storage, etc. (takes a lot of manpower for this) Slaves at the bottom. They equal prisoners, p.o.w.'s, and even kids who sold their kids into slavery |
