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240 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When you check overrun, you are checking...
a. Excess stock in the storeroom b. surplus soap and rinse aids in the dishmachine c. the weight of ice cream d. the total cost of unexpected meal served |
C. the weight of ice cream
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What is the process by which the water content of a vegetable is replaced by a concentrated salt solution?
a. gelling b. osmosis c. diffusion d. retrogradation |
C. diffusion
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Which ingredient should be adjusted in a recipe if a cake has a crunchy crust and compact moist texture?
a. milk b. flour c. sugar d. baking powder |
C. sugar
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Why do egg whites beat easier at room temperature?
a. the pH is increased b. the protein is denatured c. there is a lower surface tension c. the surface tension is higher |
C. the surface tension is higher
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Which pigment does not change color in a acid or an alkaline solution?
a. anthocyanin b. chlorophyll c. carotene d. flavone |
C. Carotene
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The principle end products of cellular oxidation are:
a. water, carbon dioxide, energy b. carbon hydrogen, nitrogen c. indigestable fiber, nitrogen, d. monosaccharides, amino acids, energy |
A. water, carbon dioxide, energy
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Carbohydrates listed in order of decreasing sweatness:
a. fructose, glucose, sucrose, sorbitol b. sucrose glucose, fructose, sorbitol, c. fructose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol d. sorbitol, fructose, sucrose, glucose |
C. fructose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol
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Which is more costly?
a. fruit packed as "dietetic" b. fruit packed in its own natural juice c. fruit packed in light syrup d. fruit packed in heavy syrup |
a. fruit packed as "dietetic"
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A group of rates being fed gelatin as the sole protein source were not growing well. What was the likely reason?
a. gelatin has to tryptophan, and is low in methionine and lysine b. gelatin has no methionine, and is low in in tryptophan |
a. gelatin has to tryptophan, and is low in methionine and lysine
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How can you decrease the cholesterol in a recipe?
I. use skim milk II. Use margarine III. Use egg substitute a. I, II b. I, II, III c. II, III d. III |
B. I, III, III
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If you replace half and half with whipping cream in ice cream, the effects on the icr crystals will be:
a. an increase in size because there is less fat b. a decrease in size because there is more fat c. no change because homogenization decreases the effect of fat d. an increase in size because there is more fat |
B. a decrease in size because there is more fat
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Fat process more calories than carbohydrate when oxidized because:
a. fat has more carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen b. fat has less carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen c. fat is larger molecule d. fat is smaller molecule |
A. Fat has more carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen
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Research has shown that neural tube defects can be reduced with proper supplementation of:
a. iron b. folic acid c. gluatmine d. arginine |
B. folic acid
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The best laboratory value to use in assessing iron status is:
a. hemoglobin b. hematocrit c. ferritin d. serum iron |
C. ferritin
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Which flour is the best for making cakes?
a. graham flour b. all-purpose flour c. Whole wheat flour d. Durum flour |
B. all purpose flour
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Where is lactose absorbed?
a. small intenstine b. stomach c. pancreas d. liver |
a. small intestine
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Considering the following smoke points of various fats, which would be the best for frying?
a. 300 F b. 325 F c. 375 F d. 420 F |
D. 420 F
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Which minerals are involved in carbohydrate metabolism?
a. cobalt, zinc b. chromium, zinc c. copper, chromium d. iron, zinc |
B. Chromium, zinc
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Acidic Chyme becomes neutralized in the duodenum by:
a. mixing with bicarbonate and fluids b. mixing with intestinal enzymes c. mixing with sodium and potassium d. mixing with bile |
A. mixing with bicarbonate and fluids
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The colon functions in the absorption of:
a. amino acids, fatty acids b. unsaturated fatty acids, electrolytes c. water, salts, vitamin K, thiamin, riboflavin d. glucose, fatty acids |
C. water, salts, vitamin K, thiamin, riboflavin
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To prevent frozen gravy from separating when thawed..
a. reheat it more slowly and stir constantly b. thaw it before heating and stir constantly c. make it with modified starch d. cook it longer before freezing to stabilize the gravy |
C. make it with modified starch
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How much water is lost through insensible losses?
a. 0.5 liters b. 1 liter c. 2 liters d. 3-4 liters |
B. 1 liter
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One of the amino acids that cannot be made in the body is
a. alanine b. glycine c. tyrosine d. tryptophan |
D. tryptopohan
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The following is an irreversible reaction:
a. pyruvic acid into lactic acid b. pyruvic acid into acetyl CoA c. Glucose-6 phosphate into glycogen d. glucose-6-phosphate into pyruvate |
B. pyruvic acid into acetyl CoA
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Riboflavin, thiamin and niacin are all involved in:
A. carbohydrate metabolism B. fat metabolism C. protein metabolism D. amino acid metabolism |
A. carbohydrate metabolism
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An increased plasma pyruvate level is an indication of:
a. iron deficiency b. riboflavin deficiency, excess c. carbohydrate ingestion d. thiamin deficiency |
D. thiamin deficiency
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Which of the following stabilizes an egg white foam:
a. an acid b. water c. flour d. salt |
a. an acid
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Winterized oil is:
a. cloudy when refrigeratedb. clear when refrigerated c. cloudy when stored for long periods of time d. clear if only kept at room temperature |
b. clear when refrigerated
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What may cause EKG abnormalities:
a. high serum potassium level b. low serum potassium level c. low serum sodium level d. high serum sodium level |
a. high serum potassium level
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When in the fed state, the brain uses which nutrient as a source of energy:
a fatty acid b. lactic acid c. glucose d. ketone bodies |
c. glucose
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in periods of starvation, the brain uses which nutrients as an energy source?
a. fatty acids b. lactic acid c. glucose d. ketone bodies |
D. ketone bodies
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gluconeogenesis is:
A. the catabolism of carbohydrate B. the creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids C. the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose D. the creation of glycogen |
B. The creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids
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Glycolysis is:
A. the catabolism of carbohydrate B. the creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids C. the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose D. the creation of glycogen |
A. the catabolism of carbohydrate
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Glycogenolysis is:
A. the catabolism of carbohydrate B. the creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids C. the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose D. the creation of glycogen |
C. the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose
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The following statements pertain to glycolysis:
I. catabolism of carbohydrates II. end product is pyruvic acid III. metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids and pyruvic acid |
I & II
I. catabolism of carbohydrates II. end product is pyruvic acid |
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Protein-bound iodine (PBI) measures:
I. thyroid acitivity II. energy metabolism III. level of thyroxine produced IV. Nutritional status |
I, II & III
I. thyroid acitivity II. energy metabolism III. level of thyroxine produced |
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Which of the following pertains to epinephrine:
I. lowers blood sugar II. raises blood sugar III. stimulates glycogenolysis IV. is secreted fromt he pituitary gland V. is secreted from the adrenal gland. |
II, III, & V
II. raises blood sugar III. stimulates glycogenolysis V. is secreted from the adrenal gland. |
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a provitamin is a:
a nutrient that can be converted into a vitamin b. a vitamin that can be converted intoa nutrient c. the endogenous form of the vitamin d. a professional vitamin |
A. a nutrient that can be converted into a vitamin
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The formula for producing the active form of Vitamin D:
A. vitamin D3 → 7 dehydrocholesterol B. ergosterol → calciferol C. cholesterol → calciferol D. 7 dehydrocholesterol → cholecalciferol |
D. 7 dehydrocholesterol → cholecalciferol
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In the human, Vitamin K is affected by:
I mineral oil; II. anticoagulants; III. antibiotics |
I, II & III
I. mineral oil II. anticoagulants III. antibiotics |
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which hormone regulates calcium levels int he body?
A. insulin B. thyroid C. parathyroid D. aldosterone |
C. parathryoid
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Pyridoxine acts as a coenzyme in:
A. iron transfer B. deaminoation and transamination C. fat transfer through the lymph system D. osmotic pressure of body fluids |
B. deamination and transamination
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The following are synthesized in party by intestinal bacteria. I. pyridoxine II. biotin III pantothenic acid IV. vitamin E V. Vitamin K
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II, III & V
II. biotin III. pantothenic acid V. Vitamin K |
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Ascorbic Acid aids in would healing. Which of the following applies:
A. collagen → hydroxyproline B. proline → hydroxyproline → collagen C. hydroxyproline → proline → collagen D. hydroxyproline → collagen |
B. proline → hydroxyproline → collagen
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Biotin is considered a coenzyme in the synthesis of:
A. protein B. carbohydrate C. glyogen D. fatty Acids |
D. Fatty acid
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Food iron is in the ______ form.
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ferric
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Food iron is reduced in the stomach to the more absorbable _____ form.
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ferrous
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When taking an iron supplement which would aid absorption?
I. Orange Juice II. egg III. hamburger IV. cow's milk |
I & III
Orange Juice and Hamburger |
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Bile is produced in the ____ and stored in the ____.
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Bile is produced in the LIVER and stored in the GALLBLADDER.
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cholecystokinin causes:
A. contraction of the gallbladder B. peristalsis C. secreation of pancreatic Juices D. contration of the liver |
A. contraction of the gallbladder
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Which enyzmes are involved in protein digestion?
A ptyalin, lipase, sucrase B. Amylase, lipase, trypsin, C. pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, D. trypsin, lipase and amylase |
C. pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin.
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Protein digestion begins in the
A. mouth B. stomach C. small intestine D. ileum |
stomach
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Lactase is made in the ______.
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small intestine
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what enzymes are secreted by the pancreas?
A. amylase, lipase, cholesterol, esterase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase B. sucrase, maltase, lactase, lecithinase, aminopeptidase C. ptyalin D. aminopeptidase, dipeptidase |
A. amylase, lipase, cholesterol, esterase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
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Which conversion requires glucose-6-phosphatase?
A. glucose → liver glycogen B. glucose → pyruvic acid C. pyruvic acid → lactic acid D. liver glycogen → glucose |
D. liver glycogen → glucose
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NADPH is:
I. produced int he pentose shunt II. essential for the synthesis of fatty acids III. a substance whose production requires niacin |
I, II & III
I. produced int he pentose shunt II. essential for the synthesis of fatty acids III. a substance whose production requires niacin |
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The following are required for the conversion of pyruvic acid into active acetate:
A. thiamin, NAD, oxaloacetic acid B. oxygen, coenzyme A, vitamin E C. thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, coenzyme A, NAD D coenzyme A, oxaloacetate, citric acid |
C. thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, coenzyme A, NAD
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Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination?
A. pyridoxine B thiamin C. riboflavin D. B12 |
A. pyridxoine
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Glucocorticoids are:
A thyroid hormones B. pituitary hormones C. adrenal steroilds D. parathyroid hormones |
C. adrenal hormones
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glucocorticoids; A. convert glucose into protein
B. convert fatty acids into glucose C. convert glucose into fat D. convert protein into glucose |
D. Convert protein into glucose
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Fats enter the blood as ______ and leave the liver as ______.
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Fats enter the blood as CHYLOMICRONS and leave the liver as LIPOPROTEINS.
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the oxidation of fatty acids forms:
A. active acetate B. pyruvic acid C. lactic acid D. oxaloacetate |
A. active acetate
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Pantothenic acid, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin are all involved in:
A. convertin pyruvate into acetyl CoA B. converting tyrosine into phenylalanine C. converting glycogen into glucose D. converting lactic acid into oxaloacetate |
A. convertin pyruvate into acetyl CoA
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Which of the following can be reversed with vitamin A?
A. xerophthalmia B. nyctalopia C. Wilson's disease D. homocysteinuria |
B. nyctalopia
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Fresh meat contamination comes mianly from:
A. botulism B. staphylococcus C. clostridium D. salmonella |
D. salmonella
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Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination?
A. pyridoxine B thiamin C. riboflavin D. B12 |
A. pyridxoine
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Whicho f the following amion acids must be present in a parenteral solution:
A. valine, leucine, glycine, alanine B. tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine C. phenylalanine, methionine, arginine, tyrosine, D. lysine, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine |
B. tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine
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Glucocorticoids are:
A thyroid hormones B. pituitary hormones C. adrenal steroilds D. parathyroid hormones |
C. adrenal hormones
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The absorption of rion is enhanced by:
A. acidic chyme in the duodenum B. the alkalinity of the duodenum C. oxalates and phytates D. the absence of ascorbic acid |
A. acidic chyme in the duodenum
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glucocorticoids; A. convert glucose into protein
B. convert fatty acids into glucose C. convert glucose into fat D. convert protein into glucose |
D. Convert protein into glucose
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Fats enter the blood as ______ and leave the liver as ______.
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Fats enter the blood as CHYLOMICRONS and leave the liver as LIPOPROTEINS.
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the oxidation of fatty acids forms:
A. active acetate B. pyruvic acid C. lactic acid D. oxaloacetate |
A. active acetate
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Pantothenic acid, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin are all involved in:
A. convertin pyruvate into acetyl CoA B. converting tyrosine into phenylalanine C. converting glycogen into glucose D. converting lactic acid into oxaloacetate |
A. convertin pyruvate into acetyl CoA
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Which of the following can be reversed with vitamin A?
A. xerophthalmia B. nyctalopia C. Wilson's disease D. homocysteinuria |
B. nyctalopia
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Fresh meat contamination comes mianly from:
A. botulism B. staphylococcus C. clostridium D. salmonella |
D. salmonella
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Whicho f the following amion acids must be present in a parenteral solution:
A. valine, leucine, glycine, alanine B. tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine C. phenylalanine, methionine, arginine, tyrosine, D. lysine, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine |
B. tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine
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The absorption of rion is enhanced by:
A. acidic chyme in the duodenum B. the alkalinity of the duodenum C. oxalates and phytates D. the absence of ascorbic acid |
A. acidic chyme in the duodenum
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Which of the following inhibits gluconeogenesis?
A. glycogen B. insulin C. catecholamines D. glucocorticoids |
B. insulin
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Which snack has the least cholesterol?
A. peanut butter and crackers B. yogurt with fruit C. choclate cake D. roast beef sandwich |
A. peanut butter and crackers
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What is the difference between cake and bread flour?
A. cake flour has less gluten, weaker gluten, less protein B. bread flour has less gluten, weaker gluten less protein C. Cake flour has weaker gluten, but has more protein D. bread flour has stronger gluten and less protein |
A. cake flour has less gluten, weaker gluten, less protein
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Vitamin A is responsible for:
A. groth and development B. blood clotting C. growth of bones and teeth D. Development of soft tissues |
D. development of soft tissues
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A patient with metabolic alkalosis would have
A. excess excretion of base through the kidneys B. retention of base by the lungs C. excretion of base by the lungs D. a retention of base by the kidneys |
D. a retention of base by the kidneys
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Which foods should be washed just before serving?
A. plum, grapes B. peach, carrots C. strawberry, mushroom D. apple, celery |
C. strawberry, mushroom
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Which government agency inspects and grades meat?
A. FDA B. DHHS C. USDA D. Department of Commerce |
C. USDA
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Which is note absorbed directly into the portal blood?
A. monosaccharides B. amino acids C. medium chain fatty acids D. long chain fatty acids |
D. long chain fatty acids
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If buttermilk is substituted for whole milk ina pastry crust, be sure to:
A. decrease the liquid B. increase the baking soda C. use additional butter as a plastic fat C. increase the liquid |
B. increase the baking soda
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Ground meat will spoil faster tha nsliced meat because:
A. it has more enzyme activity B. it has more fat C. more surface area is exposed D. it has less fat |
C. it has more surface area exposed
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Evaporated milk has:
A. a little more than hlaf of the water removed B. sugar added C. a fat content of 3-6% D. the lactose removed |
A. a little more than 1/2 of the water removed.
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Ketones are most associated with:
A. complex carbohydrates B. simples sugars C. fats D. amino acids |
C. Fats
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Which best describes sorbitol and glucose?
A. sorbitol is sweeter ant glucose B. they each provide 7 caloreis per gram C. sorbitol is absorbed more slowly D. they both metabolize into glucose |
C. sorbitol is absorbed more slowly
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What causes egg yolk color to change?
A. alternation of the feed given to the hen. B. storage length C. shell color D. storage color |
A. alteration of the feed given to the hen
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Which date do you need to convert weight to volume?
A. mass B. temperature C. specific gravity D. pH |
C. specific gravity
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The tartness in fruits and vegetables is due to:
A. flavones b. chlorophyll C. anthoxanthins d. tannins |
D. tannins
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When a white sauce tastes starchy and grainy, the likely cause is:
A. too much starch in the recipe B. improper proportions of the ingredients C. the starch was added before the fat melted D. the uncooked flour |
D. uncooked flour
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The scientific process by which water makes lettuce crisp is
A. osmotic pressure B. diffusion C. transaminatoin D. water active diffusion |
A. osmotic pressure
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Four hours after dining in a restauarant you develop nausea, vomiting an diarrhea, but no fever, the cause may be:
A. staphylococcus aureus B. clostridium botulinum C. clostridium perfringens D. streptococcus |
A. staphylococcus aureus
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Which hormone grealty influences the BMR?
A. the endocrine hormone B. thyroxine C. the growth hormone D. insulin |
B. Thyroxine
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If linoleic acid replaces saturated fat in the diet:
A. total cholesterol including HDL decrease B. HDL increases C. LDL increases D. no change in lipid levels |
A. total cholesterol including HDL decrease
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Which oil is the highest in monounsaturated fatty acids?
A. olive B. canola. C. peanut D. sunflower |
A. olive
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Which oil is the highest in saturated fat?
A. coconut B. palm C. cocoa butter D. butter |
A. coconut
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Which of the following may result in metabolic acidosis?
A. decreased retention of bicarbonate B. decreased retention of hydrogen C. decreased retention of chloride D. increased retention of bicarbonate |
A. decreased retention of bicarbonate
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A high protein diet increases the need for:
A. riboflavin B. thimain C. water D. ascorbic acid |
C. water
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What color do onions turn when cooked in an aluminum pan?
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Yellow
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Which cooking method would best converty collagen to gelatin in a bottom round roast?
A. grilling it to medium rare B. braising C. broiling D. searing |
B. braising
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Which method of bread-making is not as dependent on the length of time the dough sits to rise?
A. straight dough method B. sponge dough method C. continous method D. prime bake method |
C. continous method
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Which nutrient is added for flour enrichment
A. vitamin A B. iodine C. fluorine D. iron |
D. iron
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What does the term "USDA graded" on meat tell the consumer?
A. it assures wholesomeness B. it was free of sidaseas at the time of slaughter C. the meat is fit for human consumptions D. it defines quality. |
D. it defines quality
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A cake with a fallen center may be the result of:
A. too little fat B. too little sugar C. excess sugar and excess fat D. too little baking powder |
C. excess sugar and excess fat
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Which of the following has the least amount of saturated fat?
A. 2% milk B. half and half C non-dairy creamer D. evaporated skim milk |
D. evaporated SKIM milk
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Coarse texture in a cake is due to:
A. too little baking powder B. over-mixing C. too much baking powder or sugar D. oven temperature too high |
C. too much baking powder or sugar
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Nitorgen equilibrium is associated with:
A. a 25 year old pregnant female B. a 25 year old male C. a 15 year old girl D. a 4 year old child |
B. a 25 year old male
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Children's diets are foudn to be low in iron due to emphasis on:
A. vegetables B. milk C. fruits D. cereals |
B. milk
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Which mineral is involved in blood clotting:
A. calcium B. phosphorus C. iron D. selenium |
A. calcium
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Regarding flours, whicih of the following is ture?
A. all -purpose flour is made form soft wheat B. all-purpose flour has more protein than bread flour C. cake flour has the least and weakest gluten D. cake flour than bread flour |
C. cake flour has the least and weakest gluten
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The main function of glycolysis is to provide:
A. pyruvate for the TCA cycle B. lactic acid for energy use by muscles C. muscle and liver glycogen D. a substrate for the Cori cycle |
A. pyruvate for the TCA cycle
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Food service employees should wash their hands for at least:
a 30 seconds b. 25 seconds c. 20 seconds d. 15 seconds |
C. 20 seconds
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Metabolites of the Kreb's cycle are:
A. water, energy, carbon dioxide B. energy and pyruvic acid C. electrolytes and water D. lactic acid and glycogen |
A. water, energy, carbon dioxide
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Meat graded "US Standard" is the grade given at the:
A. time of purchase B. time of delivery C. storage facility D. time of slaughter |
D. time of slaughter
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Which of the following substitutions will most decrase the soidum content of a biscuit?
I. low sodium milk for whole milk II. egg substitute for egg III. low sodium baking powder |
I & III
I. low sodium milk for whole III. low sodium baking powder |
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Which pasta contains egg?
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Noodles
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A patient who is iron-deficient should consume _____ with a good iron source.
A. apple juice B. orange juice C. milk D. cheese |
B. orange juice
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A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L indicates:
A. sepsis B. dehydration C. hypertension D. hyperglycemia |
B. dehydration
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Cabbage should be cooked:
A. covered B. in small amount of wwater C. in a large amount of water D. covered in a small amount of water |
C. in a large amount of water
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To decrease sodium intake, substitute:
A. carrots for celery B. unsalted margarine for regular margarine C. diet margarine for regular margarine D. carrots for pepper |
B. unsalted margarine for regular margarine
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Apples stored in a controlled environment would:
A. riped quickly B. last one to two years C. have extended life and improved marketing quality D. only be used as a processed food |
C. have extended life and improved marketing quality
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The following oils can be winterized:
A. corn, soy, cottonseed B. olive, corn, soy C. cottonseed, olive D. olive, corn |
A. corn, soy, cottonseed
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Which would you give to a person who is mildly hypokalemic:
A. 1 cup blueberries B. 1 cup cranberries C. 1/2 cup applesauce D. 1 piece cantaloupe |
D. 1 piece cantaloupe
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A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L is:
A. a very high sodium intake B. a very low sodium intake C. hyponatremia D. hypernatremia |
D. hypernatremia
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To increase potassium intake, consume a snack of:
A. cheese and crackers, plums, cranberry juice B. a bagel, milk and an apple C. a grilled cheese and tomato sandwich and strawberries D. tuna salad, a wheat roll and cola |
C. a grilled cheese and tomato sandwich and strawberries
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If protein intake is doubled, which nutrient needs to be increased:
A. pyridoxine B. folic acid C. niacin D. vitmain C |
A. pyridoxine
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Illness due to Bacillus Cereus is due to contaminated:
A. rice products and starchy foods B. fruits C. dairy products D. eggs |
A. rice products and starchy foods
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The cori cycle converts:
A. glucose tinto galatctose B. lactate into pyruvate C. lactic acid into glycogen D. glycogen into glucose |
B. lactate into pyruvate
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Fats high in monounstaruted fatty acids include:
A. olive and canola B. safflower and corn C. coconut and palm D. soy and peanut |
A. olive and canola
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Green beans cooked in tomato sauce turn ___ due to ____.
A. bright green ; chlorophyllin B. olive green; pheophytin C. brown; carotenoids D. black anthoxanthins |
B. olive green; pheophytin
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If you are on a low phosphorous diet, what food shoud you most avoid?
A. beef. B. orange juice C. yogurt D. bread |
A. beef
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a 5 month old is diagnosed with slmonella. What is likely the cause?
A. fruit juice B. milk C. table food D. evaporated milk |
C. table food
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An 8 month old baby contracts botulism. What is the likely cause?
A. cereal and evaporated milk B. cereal and honey C. cereal and table food D. ceral and fruit juice |
B. Cereal and Honey
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Which is the best source of emulsification
A. eggs B. milk C. salt D. flour |
A. eggs
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The kidneys respond to respiratory acidosis by:
A. increasing the secretion of magnesium B. Exchanging sodium for calcium C. Increasing the retention of bicarbonate D. Exchanging potassium for hydrogen |
C. increasing the retention of bicarbonate
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A serum sodium level of 160 mEq/L may be due to:
A. an increase in the intake of sodium-rich foods B. Decrease steroid formation C. an increase level of aldosterone D. a decrease in the intake of sodium-rich foods |
C. an increase level of aldosterone
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Green peas held on the serving line may turn olive green due to:
a. pheophytin b. chlofophyllin c. anthoxanthins d. flavones |
A. pheophytin
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In cereal production enrichment adds:
a. vitamin A b. Vitamin D c. Iron d. Iodine |
C. iron
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Cured meat is pink due to:
A. sugar B. salt C. vinegar D. nitrites |
D. nitrites
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A serum sodium level of 115 mEq/L may be due to:
a. overhydration b. dehydration c. a very high sodium intake d. a sodium intake of 5.5 grams per day |
A. overhydration
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Butter has fatty acids in this order predominance
A. PUFA, MUFA, SFA B. SAT, MUFA, PUFA C. MUFA, SAT, PUFA D. MUFA, PUFA, SAT |
B. Sat, MUFA, PUFA
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Margarine has fatty acids in this order of predominance
A. PUFA, MUFA, SFA B. SAT, MUFA, PUFA C. MUFA, SAT, PUFA D. MUFA, PUFA, SAT |
A. PUFA, MUFA, Sat
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Lactic acid is produced by:
A. glycolysis B. gluconeogeneisis C. glycogeneisis D. lactolysis |
A. glycolysis
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Which of the following amino acids is a precursor for serotonin?
A. phenylalanine B. Methionine C. Tryptophan D. tyrosine |
C. tryptophan
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Taking Dicumarol would mean you should avoid increasing your intake of:
A. spinach B. beets C. corn D. beef |
A. spinach
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Food was held at 70F for a long time in anaerobic conditions. Eight hours after eating it you became ill. What is the culprit?
A. salmonella B. Staphyloccus C. Clostridium perfringens D. Campylobacer jejuni |
C. clostridium perfringens
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Energy expenditure of humans can be measured by:
A. heat intake B. good intake C. nitrogen output D. oxygen consymption |
D. oxygen consymption
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Gastric proteoloysis requires
a. pyridoxine b. ascorbic acid c. hydrochloric acid d. the intrinsic factor |
c. hydrochloric acid
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How many milligrams of iron are there in the average American diet/1000 cals?
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12 |
b. 6 milligrams
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Sorbitol:
a. is less sweet than sucrose and has a lower glycemic index than sucrose b. is less sweet than sucrose and has a higher glycemic index than sucrose c. is sweeter than sucrose d. is sweeter than sucrose and has a lower glycemic response than sucrose |
a. is less sweet than sucrose and has a lower glycemic index than sucrose
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Which mineral is absorbed through the intestine and transported with ceruloplasmin in the blood?
A. copper B. iodine C. sodium D. calcium |
A. copper
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The schilling test detects defects in the absorption of :
A. folic acid B. Cyancobalamin C. Pyridoxine D. iron |
B. Cyancobalamin
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Which of the following should be avoided on a low sodium diet?
a. pork loin b. turkey roll c. beef sirloin d. lamb chop |
B. turkey roll
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What is the effect of excess caffeine intake:
a. insomnia b. nausea c. bloating. d. Weight gain |
A. insomnia
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The toxic level of vitamin A has been identified as
A. 5000 IU B. 10000 IU C. 15000 IU D. 20000 IU |
B. 10000 IU
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The best way to prevent the spread of food-borne illness is to:
a. wash hands regualrlary b. cook all foods thoroughly c. purchase food from trusted vendors d. prepare food shortly before serving |
A. wash hands regularly
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The amino acid tryptophan can be converted into:
a. serotonin b. catecholamines c. phenylalanine d. tyrosine |
a. serotonin
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A muffin has long tunnels from top to bottom. Next time you maek this recipe you should:
a. add more baking soda b. avoid over-mixing the batter c. add less butter d. cook it for a shorter time |
b. avoid over-mixing the batter
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prevention of an outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes requires special care because
a. it is insensititve to light b. it is sensitive to a low temperatures c. of it’s ability to grow at temps at 34 – 113 F d. of its ability to grow at temps of 140 – 160 F |
c. of it’s ability to grow at temps at 34 – 113 F
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Phenylalanine is a precursor for:
a. Serotonin b. Catecholamines c. Tryptophan d. Tyrosine |
d. Tyrosine
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A cutting board was used to cut up raw chicken. Itw as then used to cut up raw vegetables. Guests eating the meal became ill most likely from:
a. clostridium botulinum b. Clostridium perfingens c. salmonella d. streptoccus |
c. salmonella
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Decreased levels of serotonin are associated with
a. decrease in carbohydrate appeitte b. increase in carbohydrate appetite c. decrased sensation of taste d. increased sensation of taste |
b. increase in carbohydrate appetitie
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Carbohydrate, fat and protein are all converted into:
a. pyruvic acid b. acetyl CoA c. oxaloacetic acid d. ketoglutamic acid |
b. acetyl CoA
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If energy needs increased, which vitamins are needed in higher amounts?
A. A, C, folate B. A, C, thiamin C. Thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid D. Pyridoxine, cyancobalamin |
C. Thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid
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How man mEq sodium are in 1 gram of sodium?
a. 25 b. 43 c. 65 d. 110 |
b. 43
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How can you preserve thiamin when cooking pork?
a. use the drippings after the fat has been removed b. insert a meat thermometer and cook it to 170F c. Increase the cooking temperature to lessen cooking time d. Add a small quantitiy of water during cooking |
b. insert a meat thermometer and cook it to 170F
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A good source of vitamin A for pre-school children would be.
a. grapes b. watermeolon c. cantaloupe pieces d. banana |
c. cantaloupe pieces
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Which amino acid is especially glucogenic
a. alanine b. threonine c. valine d. methioinine |
A. alanine
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if a carbohydrate intake is increased, which vitamin needs to be increased?
a. thiamin b. niacin c. riboflavin d. pyridoxine |
A. thiamin
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The rate of oxidation of which branched-chain amino acid increases significantly during the moderate exercise?
a. leucine b. phenylalanine c. tyrosine d. threonine |
a. leucine
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what should you do with leftover sliced beef from lunch?
a. throw it out b. let the meat cool at room temperature and then serve within two days c. refrigerate immediately and then serve within two days d. Keep it in the warmer until dinner time |
c. refrigerate immediately and then serve within two days
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A food is bacteria-safe if it is:
a. neutral and moist b. neutral and dry c. acidic and dry d. acidic and moist |
c. acidic and dry
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170. French fries made from stored potatoes would have changes in:
I. taste II. Appearance III. Texture A. I, II, III B. II, III C. I D. I, III |
Taste, Appearance & Texture
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What percent of protein and fat converts to glucose?
a. 58% protein & 10% fat b. 10% protein & 60% fat c. 30% protein & 30% fat d. 20% protein & 40% fat |
a. 58% protein & 10% fat
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Excess amonts of zinc may lead to deficiency of:
a. copper b. magnesium c. iron d. cobalt |
A. copper
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When adding bran to a flour mixture, what should be changed?
a. baking temperature b. Increase the fat and liquid c. increase oxidizing agent d. increase the flour and liquid |
d. increase the flour and liquid
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Glycerol, amino acid and free fatty acids will have what effect on the hypothalamus gland?
a. an increase in satiety b. a decrease in satiety c. an increased activity level d. increased lethargy |
b. a decrease in satiety
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Which of the following is a digestive enzymes secreted by the pancrease?
a. pepsin b. amylase c. lactase d. maltase |
B. amylase
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Clostridum perfringens is often found in:
a. meat and gravied mixtures in large quantities b. fresh fruits and vegetables c. dairy mixtures d. uncured cheeses |
a. meat and gravied mixtures in large quantities
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Salmonella sources are often:
a. reheated foods b. starchy foods and mixtures like casseroles c. cooled slowly and reheated foods d. raw produce and uncooked foods of animal origin |
d. raw produce and uncooked foods of animal origin
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What is fortified with folic acid?
a. skim milk b. cornmeal c. orange juice d. canned vegetables |
b. cornmeal
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Pie crust is moist the day after cooking. Why?
a. overcooking of the crust b. retrogradation c. too much egg in the recipe d. inadequate flour |
b. retrogradation
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What is the main purpose of water in the body?
a. if acts as a medium for cell metabolism b. it helps transport calcium through cell membranes c. it maintains electrolyte balance d. to maintain body temperature |
a. if acts as a medium for cell metabolism
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What is fluid seeping from a congealed product called?
a. retrogradation b. syneresis c. coagulation d. gelatinization |
b. syneresis
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Which of the following is a common cause of salmonella in a salad bar?
a. fresh fruit b. egg salad c. lettuce and tomatoes d. pickles |
B. egg salad
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Which food-borne pathogen would most likely contaminate cooked rice or pasta in open pans at room temperature?
a. clostridium pefringens b. bacillus cereus c. staphylococcus, bacilius cereus d. Campylobacter jejuni, Bacillus cereus |
b. bacillus cereus
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Frozen chicken thawed in warm water. You should:
a. prepare it immediately b. discard it c. refreeze it d. refrigerate it |
b. discard it
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When substituting butter for lard in pastry
a. use the same amount b. use less c. use more d. use less and decrease the water content |
c. use more
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The purpose of an emulsifier in margarine is to:
a. keep water and fat from separating b. keep water and fat separated c. sustain the natural flavor of the ingredients d. retain the color |
a. keep water and fat from separating
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Which of the following must be reduced to simpler components before it can be transported across epithetlial cells of the intestine?
a. dipeptides b. whey c. casein hydrolysate d. crystalline amino acids |
b. whey
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Adding bran to a bread recipe will:
a. increase the volume b. decrease the volume c. require an increase in oven temperature d. require a decrease in oven temperature |
b. decrease the volume
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an angel food cake is made without cream of tartar. What is the result?
a. a yellow cake b. a bright white cake c. a cake with large volume d. very tender cake |
a. a yellow cake
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all baking powders contain:
a. sodium bicarbonate b. tartrate c. phosphate d. acetate |
a. sodium bicarbonate
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Beef bottom round should be cooked:
a. at a high temperature for a short time b. in water for an extended c. in dry heat d. in moist heat for a short time |
b. in water for an extended
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When there is plenty of oxygen and you are involved in heavy exercise, what becomes the energy source
a. glucose b. glycogen c. lactic acid d. fatty acids |
b. glycogen
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What is the best way to cook a roast?
a. sear the meat first, roast at 400 F b. cook slowly in the oven at 325 F c. cook it at 400 F for 10 minutes than at 350 F d. brown the meat, then cook it at 350 F |
b. cook slowly in the oven at 325 F
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To reduce your intake of phosphorus, reduce your intake of:
a. orange b. grapefruits c. beef d. tomato juice |
c. beef
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which of the following has the most bacteria?
a. roast chicken b. ground beef c. roast veal d. roast pork |
b. ground beef
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what is the product of pyruvate breakdown
a. acetyl CoA b. glycogen c. NADPH d. Glucose-6-phosphate |
a. acetyl CoA
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Which of the following is true?
a. fructose has sucrose b. fructose is less concentrated than glucose c. fructose takes longer to digest than glucose d. fructose is sweeter than glucose |
d. fructose is sweeter than glucose
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which of the following is correct?
a. glucose is less sweet than sucrose b. lactose is sweeter than glucose c. glucose is sweeter than fructose d. lactose is sweeter than fructose |
a. glucose is less sweet than sucrose
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Which of the following is a grade for fresh produce?
A. US select B. US Grade A C. US NO. 1 D. US Standard |
C. US NO. 1
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Which most likely to be a cause of salmonella
a. fresh fruit salad b. canned fruit salad c. Caesar salad d. Avocado salad |
c. Caesar salad
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What gives the structure to quick breads
a. flour and milk b. flour and water c. egg and flour d. egg |
c. egg and flour
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During energy metabolism, which of the following is true?
a. the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA is reversible b. the conversion of pyruvate to acteyl CoA is irreversible c. the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactate acid is not reversible d. the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is not reversible |
b. the conversion of pyruvate to acteyl CoA is irreversible
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What is a function of cream tartar in a recipe
A. prevents the maillard reaction B. enhances the maillard reaction C. increases the alkalinity allowing for better leavening D. enhances gelation |
A. prevents the maillard reaction
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The flour with the most starch is
a. cake b. whole wheat c. instantized d. durum |
a. cake
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Salmonella contamination in a foodservice can be best controlled by focus in
a. meat delivery procedures b. sanitizing of the meat slicer c. serving less meat d. meat storage procedures |
b. sanitizing of the meat slicer
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Homemade rolls are crumbly and fall apart easily. The most likely cause of the poor texture in the yeast bread is:
a. use of a high-protein flour b. use of a lower-protein flour c. insufficient proofing time d. excessive proofing time |
b. use of a lower-protein flour
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Which the best source of monounsaturated fatty acids?
a. corn b. canola c. soybean d. safflower |
b. canola
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A commercial muffin mix a is described as a “rich formula” which means it contains:
a. high proportion of sugar and shortening b. high-fructose corn syrup instead of crystalline sugar c. high amounts of whey instead of nonfat dry milk solids d. more chemical leavening than used in a “lean formula” |
a. high proportion of sugar and shortening
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The greatest effect on the yield of meat cooked to a uniform internal temperature is produced by the:
a. type of oven and source of the heat b. weight of meat and the oven load c. degree of tempering and the grade of meat d. cooking time and the oven temperature |
d. cooking time and the oven temperature
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The most likely source of of Clostridium perfringens is:
a. egg b. meat c. fruit d. vegetable |
b. meat
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Which of the following will stabilize the egg in a recipe?
a. a base b. an acid c. sugar d. salt |
b. an acid
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A natural plant hormone that is used to riped fruits is:
a. methanol b. ethylene c. acetyl acid d. ethanol |
b. ethylene
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Aseptically packaged milk should be stored:
a. in dry storage b. in the freigerator c. in the freezer d. below 40 degrees |
a. in dry storage
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which of the following has a slow onset and is anaerobic?
a. staphylococcus auerus b. clostridium perfringens c. clostridium botulinum d. salmonella |
c. clostridium botulinum
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a frozen meal contains steak, mashed potatoes, BHA, BHT, and TVP. The TVP is used to:
a. add color b. improve taste c. retain water and add protein d. act as an emulsifier |
c. retain water and add protein
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If broccoli in a vegetable mixture turns olive green during holding, it may be due to:
a. lemon juice b. baking soda c. salt d. sugar |
A. lemon juice
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In the alanine cycle, alanine is released from muscle, taken up by the liver, and:
a. excreted in the urine b. deaminated to release c. converted into adipose d. oxidized to nitric acid |
b. deaminated to release
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In the cori cycle, lactate is converted into:
a. ribose b. NADPH c. Pyruvate d. Acetyl CoA |
c. Pyruvate
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Normal saline has _____ mEq sodium/L.
a. 154 b. 1000 c. 50 d. 200 |
a. 154
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An amylase deficiency would result in:
a. decreased gluconeogenesis b. decreased lipolysis c. decreased glycolysis d. decreased proteolysis |
c. decreased glycolysis
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Fresh eggs in the shell can be stored in a refrigerator at 40 degrees for:
a. 3 weeks b. 2 weeks c. 10 days d. 4-6 days |
a. 3 weeks
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Trypsin and chymotrypsin are:
a. pancreatic enzymes that provide proteolytic action b. intestinal enzymes that digest starch c. liver hormones involved in fat digestion d. intestinal enzymes that digest protein |
a. pancreatic enzymes that provide proteolytic action
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Acid-base abnormalities in an uncontrolled diabetic are likely due to:
a. respiratory alkalosis b. metabolic acidosis c. respiratory acidosis d. metabolic alkalosis |
b. metabolic acidosis
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A patient’s nitrogen balance study showed he consumed 10 grams of protein and released 6 grams of nitrogen in the urine. This is:
a. nitrogen balance b. negative nitrogen balance c. positive nitrogen balance d. plus 4 nitrogen balance |
b. negative nitrogen balance
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Kidneys help control pH by:
a. excreting sodium and calcium b. controlling the ratio of hydrogen ions to bicarbonate excretion c. excreting carbon dioxide and carbonic acid d. excreting NADPH |
b. controlling the ratio of hydrogen ions to bicarbonate excretion
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Pernicious anemia is likely to occur following a:
a. colectomy b. colostomy c. gastrectomy d. esophagostomy |
c. gastrectomy
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Which pigment can be converted into a vitamin?
a. chlorophyll b. carotenoids c. anthocyanin d. anthoxanthins |
b. carotenoids
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The amount of ceruloplasmin is affected by what disease?
a. Addison’s disease b. Pheochromocytoma c. Cushing’s syndrome d. Wilson’s disease |
d. Wilson’s disease
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An edematous person may actually be dehydrated because:
a. intravascular fluid is retained b. intravascular fluid is diluted c. fluid is retained intracellularly d. fluid is retained extracellularly |
d. fluid is retained extracellularly
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What usually occurs when iso-caloric amounts of omega 3 fatty acids are substituted for saturated fatty acids?
a. increased HDL, reduced LDL b. decreased triglycerides, lower total cholesterol c. decreased triglycerides, little change in total cholesterol d. lower HDL, increased LDL |
c. decreased triglycerides, little change in total cholesterol
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When substituted for saturated fats in the diet, which of the following oils will likely lower total cholesterol but also lower HDL cholesterol?
a. olive oil b. Canola oil c. Peanut oil d. Safflower oil |
d. Safflower oil
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You are a Food Service Dietitian and would like to make lower fat brownies. What is the best way to cut the fat?
A. use margarine instead of butter B. cut out all the fat C. cut out half the fat D. use prune puree in place of half the fat |
D. use prune puree in place of half the fat
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You want to keep lemon meringue pie at its peak. What should you do?
a. add sugar with eggs b. add flour with butter keep the pie at room temperature c. keep the pie refrigerated d. keep the pie refrigerated |
d. keep the pie refrigerated
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