Rapid Review, First Aid Usmle

Front 1

CP: Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

Back 1

Dx/Dis: Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)

Front 2

CP: Achilles tendon xanthoma

Back 2

Dx/Dis: Familial hypercholesterolemia

Front 3

CP: Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC

Back 3

Dx/Dis: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia)

Front 4

CP: Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints

Back 4

Dx/Dis: Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect)

Front 5

CP: Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss

Back 5

Dx/Dis: Pott's Disease (vertebral tuberculosis)

Front 6

CP: Big toe extension/ fanning upon plantar scrape

Back 6

Dx/Dis: Babinski's sign (UMN lesion)

Front 7

CP: Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

Back 7

Dx/Dis: Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)

Front 8

CP: Blue sclera

Back 8

Dx/Dis: Osteogenesis imperfecta (collagen defect)

Front 9

CP: Bluish line on gingiva

Back 9

Dx/Dis: Burton's line (lead poisoning)

Front 10

CP: Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis

Back 10

Dx/Dis:Paget's disease of bone (INC osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)

Front 11

CP: Cafe-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma)

Back 11

Dx/Dis: Neurofibromatosis type I (+bilateral acoustic neuromas= Type II)

Front 12

CP: calf pseudohypertrophy

Back 12

Dx/Dis: muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne's)

Front 13

CP: "Cherry red spot" on macula

Back 13

Dx/Dis:Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann-Pick (lysosomal storage disease)

Front 14

CP: Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI

Back 14

Dx/Dis: Dressler's syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis)

Front 15

CP: Child uses arms to stand up from a squat.

Back 15

Dx/Dis: Gower's sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy: X-linked recessive deleted dystrophin gene)

Front 16

CP: child with fever develops red rash on face that spreads on body.

Back 16

Dx/Dis: "Slapped cheeks" (erythema infectiosum/fifth disease: parvovirus B19)

Front 17

CP: Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration.

Back 17

Dx/Dis: Huntington's diease (autosomal-dominant CAG repeat expansion)

Front 18

CP: Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps

Back 18

Dx/Dis: McArdle's disease (muscle phosphorylase deficiency)

Front 19

CP: Cold intolerance

Back 19

Dx/Dis: Hypothyroidism

Front 20

CP: Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia.

Back 20

Dx/Dis: Internuclear opthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral [multiple sclerosis], unilateral [stroke])

Front 21

CP: Continuous "machinery" heart murmur

Back 21

Dx/Dis: PDA (close with indomethacin; open with misoprostol)

Front 22

CP: Cutanous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

Back 22

Dx/Dis: Myxedema (hypothyroidism, Graves' disease)

Front 23

CP: Dark purple skin/ mouth nodules

Back 23

Dx/Dis: Kaposi's sarcoma (usually AIDS pts. [gay men]; associated with HHV-8)

Front 24

CP: Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation.

Back 24

Dx/Dis: Kussmaul breathing (diabetic ketoacidosis)

Front 25

CP: Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea.

Back 25

Dx/Dis: Pellagra (niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency)

Front 26

CP: Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, polyneuropathy

Back 26

Dx/Dis: Wet beriberi (thiamine--B1--deficiency)

Front 27

CP: Dog or cat bite resulting in infection

Back 27

Dx/Dis: Pasteurella multocida

Front 28

CP: Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

Back 28

Dx/Dis: Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands).

Front 29

CP: Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia

Back 29

Dx/Dis: Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)

Front 30

CP: Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints.

Back 30

Dx/Dis: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (collagen defect)

Front 31

CP: Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node

Back 31

Dx/Dis: Virchow's node (abdominal metastasis)

Front 32

CP: Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells.

Back 32

Dx/Dis: Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or mycosis fungoides

Front 33

CP: facial muscle spasm upon tapping

Back 33

Dx/Dis: Chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)

Front 34

CP: Fat, female, forty, and fertile

Back 34

Dx/Dis: acute cholecystitis (bile duct blockage)

Front 35

CP: Fever, chills, HA, myalgia following Abx. tx. for syphilis

Back 35

Jarisch-herxheimer rn (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release)

Front 36

CP: Fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

Back 36

Dx/Dis: Measles (Morbillivirus)

Front 37

CP: Fever, night sweats, weight loss

Back 37

Dx/Dis: B symptoms (lymphoma)

Front 38

CP: Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis

Back 38

Dx/Dis: Peyronie's disease (CT disorder)

Front 39

CP: Gout, mental retardation, self-mutilating behavior in a boy

Back 39

Dx/Dis: Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency)

Front 40

CP: Green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea

Back 40

Dx/Dis: Kayser-Fleischer rings (Cu accumulation from Wilson's disease)

Front 41

CP: Hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands

Back 41

Dx/Dis: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (genetic benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; INC in CA risk).

Front 42

CP: Hepatosplenomegaly, osteoporesis, neurologic symptoms

Back 42

Dx/Dis: Gaucher's dieasese (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)

Front 43

CP: Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts.

Back 43

Dx/Dis: Alport's syndrome (collagen mutation)

Front 44

CP: Hypercoagulability (leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis)

Back 44

Dx/Dis: Trousseau's sign (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)

Front 45

CP: Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility

Back 45

Dx/Dis: Kluver-Bucy syndrome (b/l amygdala lesion)

Front 46

CP: Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis

Back 46

Dx/Dis: Conn's syndrome (Primary hyperaldosteronism)

Front 47

CP: Hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

Back 47

Dx/Dis: "Blue Bloater" (chronic bronchitis: hyperplasia of mucous cells).

Front 48

CP: Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion (nonpainful)

Back 48

Dx/Dis: Chancre (Primary syphillis: treponema pallidum)

Front 49

CP: Infant with FTT, hepatosplenomegaly, neurodegeneration

Back 49

Dx/Dis: Niemann-Pick disease (genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency)

Front 50

CP: Infant with hypoglycemia, FTT, and hepatomegaly.

Back 50

Dx/Dis: Cori's disease (debranching enzyme deficiency)

Front 51

CP: Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, and structural heart defect.

Back 51

Dx/Dis: Edwards' syndrome (trisomy 18)

Front 52

CP: Jaundice, RUQ pain, fever.

Back 52

Dx/Dis: Charcot's triad 2 (ascending cholangitis)

Front 53

CP: Keratin pearls on a skin lesion.

Back 53

Dx/Dis: Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 54

CP: Large rash with bull's-eye appearance.

Back 54

Dx/Dis: Erythema chronicum migrans from tick bite (Lyme disease: Borrelia)

Front 55

CP: Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury.

Back 55

Dx/Dis: Epidural hematoma

Front 56

CP: Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury.

Back 56

Dx/Dis: Epidural hematoma

Front 57

CP: Male child, recurrent infections, no mature B cells.

Back 57

Dx/Dis: Bruton's diease (X-linked agammaglobulinemia)

Front 58

CP: Mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time.

Back 58

Dx/Dis: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa

Front 59

CP: Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth.

Back 59

Dx/Dis: Gardner's syndrome (genetic disorder, predisposes to colon cancer)

Front 60

CP: Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis

Back 60

Dx/Dis: Wegeners' and Goodpasture's syndromes (hemoptysis and glomerular disease).

Front 61

CP: Neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth.

Back 61

Dx/Dis: Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk [C5-C6] brachial plexus injury: "waiter's tip")

Front 62

CP: No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance.

Back 62

Dx/Dis: Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)

Front 63

CP: Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech

Back 63

Dx/Dis: Charcot's triad 1 (multiple sclerosis)

Front 64

CP: Oscillating slow/fast breathing

Back 64

Dx/Dis: Cheyne-Stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or INC intracranial pressure)

Front 65

CP: Painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia.

Back 65

Dx/Dis: Cold agglutin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis)

Front 66

CP: Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes

Back 66

Dx/Dis: Raynaud's syndrome (vasospasm in extremities)

Front 67

CP: Painful, raised red lesions on palms and soles.

Back 67

Dx/Dis: Osler's node (infective endocarditis)

Front 68

CP: painless jaundice

Back 68

Dx/Dis: Cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct.

Front 69

CP: Palpable purpura, joint pain, abdominal pain (child)

Back 69

Dx/Dis: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)

Front 70

CP: Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors.

Back 70

Dx/Dis: Wermer's syndrome (MEN 1)

Front 71

CP: Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation.

Back 71

Dx/Dis:"pink puffer" (emphysema: centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency])

Front 72

CP: Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature in a young girl.

Back 72

Dx/Dis: McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)

Front 73

CP: Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes

Back 73

Dx/Dis: Raynaud's syndrome (vasospasm in extremities)

Front 74

CP: Polyuria, acidosis, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances.

Back 74

Dx/Dis: Fanconi's syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect).

Front 75

CP: Painful, raised red lesions on palms and soles.

Back 75

Dx/Dis: Osler's node (infective endocarditis)

Front 76

CP: Positive anterior "drawer sign"

Back 76

Dx/Dis: Anterior cruciate (ACL) injury

Front 77

CP: painless jaundice

Back 77

Dx/Dis: Cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct.

Front 78

CP: Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis.

Back 78

Dx/Dis: Horner's syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)

Front 79

CP: Palpable purpura, joint pain, abdominal pain (child)

Back 79

Dx/Dis: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)

Front 80

CP: Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors.

Back 80

Dx/Dis: Wermer's syndrome (MEN 1)

Front 81

CP: Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation.

Back 81

Dx/Dis:"pink puffer" (emphysema: centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency])

Front 82

CP: Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature in a young girl.

Back 82

Dx/Dis: McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)

Front 83

CP: Polyuria, acidosis, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances.

Back 83

Dx/Dis: Fanconi's syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect).

Front 84

CP: Positive anterior "drawer sign"

Back 84

Dx/Dis: Anterior cruciate (ACL) injury

Front 85

CP: Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis.

Back 85

Dx/Dis: Horner's syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)

Front 86

CP: Pupil accomodates but doesn't react.

Back 86

Dx/Dis: Argyll Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)

Front 87

CP: Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends (following GI/upper respiratory infection).

Back 87

Dx/Dis:Guillain-Barre syndrome (autoimmune acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy).

Front 88

CP: Rash on palms and soles.

Back 88

Dx/Dis:2ndary syphillis, Rocky Mtn. spotted fever.

Front 89

CP: Recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE.

Back 89

Dx/Dis: Job's syndrome (hyper-IgE syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality).

Front 90

CP: Red "currant jelly" sputum.

Back 90

Dx/Dis: Kebsiella pneumonia.

Front 91

CP: red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola.

Back 91

Dx/Dis: Paget's disease of the breast (represents underlying neoplasm).

Front 92

CP: red urine in the morning.

Back 92

Dx/Dis:paroxymal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Front 93

CP: Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma.

Back 93

Dx/Dis: von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation).

Front 94

CP: Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability.

Back 94

Dx/Dis: Parkinson's disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion)

Front 95

CP: Restrictive cardiomyopathy (juvenile form: cardiomegaly), exercise intolerance.

Back 95

Dx/Dis: Pompe's disease (Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency)

Front 96

CP: Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers.

Back 96

Dx/Dis: Roth's spots (bacterial endocarditis)

Front 97

CP: Severe jaundice in neonate.

Back 97

Dx/Dis: Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital UNconjugated hyperbilirubinemia).

Front 98

CP: Severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness.

Back 98

Dx/Dis: McBurney's sign (appendicitis)

Front 99

CP: Short stature, INC incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia.

Back 99

Dx/Dis: Fanconi's anemia (genetically inherited often progresses to AML)

Front 100

CP: Single palm crease.

Back 100

Dx/Dis: Simian crease (Down syndrome)

Front 101

CP: Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis.

Back 101

Dx/Dis: Kartaganer's syndrome (dynein defect affecting cilia)

Front 102

CP: Skin hyperpigmentation.

Back 102

Dx/Dis: Addison's disease (primary adrenocortical insufficiency of autoimmune or infectious etiology).

Front 103

CP: Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys.

Back 103

Dx/Dis: Becker's muscular dystrophy (X-linked, defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's)

Front 104

CP: Small irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers.

Back 104

Dx/Dis: Koplik spots (measles)

Front 105

CP: small, nontender, erythematous lesions on palms/soles.

Back 105

Dx/Dis: Janeway lesions (infectious endocarditis)

Front 106

CP: smooth, flat, moist white lesions on genitals.

Back 106

Dx/Dis: Condylomata lata (2ndary syphilis)

Front 107

CP: Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails.

Back 107

Dx/Dis: bacterial endocarditis.

Front 108

CP: "Strawberry tongue"

Back 108

Dx/Dis: Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, TSS.

Front 109

CP: Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney.

Back 109

Dx/Dis: Turner's syndrome (XO, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema)

Front 110

CP: Sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi

Back 110

Dx/Dis: Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)

Front 111

CP: Swollen gums, mucous bleeding, poor wound healing, spots on skin.

Back 111

Dx/Dis: Scurvy (vit. C deficiency: can't hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis.)

Front 112

CP: Swollen, hard, painful finger joints.

Back 112

Dx/Dis: Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP [buchard's nodes], DIP [Heberden's nodes])

Front 113

CP: Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)

Back 113

Dx/Dis: Aortic valve stenosis.

Front 114

CP: Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal tumors.

Back 114

Dx/Dis: Sipple's syndrome (MEN 2A)

Front 115

CP: Ulcerated genital lesion with exudate (Painful)

Back 115

Dx/Dis: Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)

Front 116

CP: Unilateral facial drooping.

Back 116

Dx/Dis: Bell's palsy (LMN CN VII palsy)

Front 117

CP: Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male

Back 117

Dx/Dis: Reiter's syndrome (reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27)

Front 118

CP: Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)

Back 118

Dx/Dis: Hemangioma (benign, but assoc. w/ Sturge-Weber syndrome)

Front 119

CP: Vasculitis from exposure to endotoxin causing glomerular thrombosis.

Back 119

Dx/Dis: Schwartzman rxn. (following second exposure to endotoxin)

Front 120

CP: Vomiting blood following esophagogastric lacerations.

Back 120

Dx/Dis: Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholics and eating disorders)

Front 121

CP: "Waxy" casts with very low urine flow.

Back 121

Dx/Dis: Chronic end-stage renal disease.

Front 122

CP: WBC casts in urine.

Back 122

Dx/Dis: Acute pyelonephritis or cystitis.

Front 123

CP: Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy.

Back 123

Dx/Dis: Whipple's disease (Tropheryma whippelii)

Front 124

CP: "Worst headache of my life"

Back 124

Dx/Dis: Berry aneurysm (assoc. with adult polycystic kidney disease).

Front 125

Lab/Diag: Anticentromere antibodies

Back 125

Dx/Dis: Scleroderma (CREST)

Front 126

Lab/Diag: Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies.

Back 126

Dx/Dis: Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

Front 127

Lab/Diag: Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies.

Back 127

Dx/Dis: Goodpasture's syndrome (glomerulonephritis and lung hemorrhage).

Front 128

Lab/Diag: Antihistone Antibodies.

Back 128

Dx/Dis: Drug-induced SLE.

Front 129

Lab/Diag: Anti-IgG antibodies

Back 129

Dx/Dis: Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)

Front 130

Lab/Diag: Antimicrobial antibodies (AMAs)

Back 130

Dx/Dis: Primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, protal HTN)

Front 131

Lab/Diag: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)

Back 131

Dx/Dis: Vasculitis (Wegener's microscopic polyangitis, glomerulonephritis).

Front 132

Lab/Diag: Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA)

Back 132

Dx/Dis: SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

Front 133

Lab/Diag: Antiplatelet antibodies.

Back 133

Dx/Dis: Idiopathic thrombocytic purpura (ITP) (bleeding diathesis)

Front 134

Lab/Diag: Anti-topoisomerase antibodies.

Back 134

Dx/Dis: diffuse systemic schleroderma.

Front 135

Lab/Diag: Anti-transglutaminase/antigliadin antibodies.

Back 135

Dx/Dis: Celiac disease (diarrhea, distention, weight loss)

Front 136

Lab/Diag: Azurophilic granular needles in leukemic blasts

Back 136

Dx/Dis: Auer rods (acute myelogenous leukemia--AML: especially the promyelocytic type)

Front 137

Lab/Diag: "Bamboo spine" on x-ray

Back 137

Dx/Dis: Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis: HLA-B27)

Front 138

Lab/Diag: Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

Back 138

Dx/Dis: Howell-jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)

Front 139

Lab/Diag: Basophilic stippling of RBCs.

Back 139

Dx/Dis: Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia.

Front 140

Lab/Diag: Bloody tap on LP

Back 140

Dx/Dis: Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Front 141

Lab/Diag: "Boot-shaped" heart on x-ray

Back 141

Dx/Dis: Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH

Front 142

Lab/Diag: Branching gram-positive rods with sulfur granules.

Back 142

Dx/Dis: Actinomyces israelii

Front 143

Lab/Diag: Bronchogenic apical lung tumor.

Back 143

Dx/Dis: Pancoast's tumor (can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause Horner's syndrome)

Front 144

Lab/Diag: "Brown" tumor of bone

Back 144

Dx/Dis: Hemorrhage (hemosiderin) causes brown color of osteolytic cysts. due to: 1) hyperparathyroidism, 2) osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease of bone)

Front 145

Lab/Diag: Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy.

Back 145

Dx/Dis: Chagas' disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

Front 146

Lab/Diag: Cellular crescents in Bowman's capsule.

Back 146

Dx/Dis: Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

Front 147

Lab/Diag: "Chocolate cyst" of ovary.

Back 147

Dx/Dis: Endometriosis (frequently invovles both ovaries).

Front 148

Lab/Diag: Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils.

Back 148

Dx/Dis: Homer Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

Front 149

Lab/Diag: Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs.

Back 149

Dx/Dis: Cystic Fibrosis (CFTR mutation in Caucasians resulting in fat-soluble vit. deficiency and mucous plugs).

Front 150

Lab/Diag: Degeneration of dorsal column nerves.

Back 150

Dx/Dis: Tabes dorsalis (Tertiary syphilis)

Front 151

Lab/Diag: Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra.

Back 151

Dx/Dis: Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

Front 152

Lab/Diag: Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum.

Back 152

Dx/Dis: Curschmann's spirals (bronchial asthma: can result in whorled mucous plugs)

Front 153

Lab/Diag: Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid.

Back 153

Dx/Dis: Call-Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary).

Front 154

Lab/Diag: Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear englargement and hyperchromasia.

Back 154

Dx/Dis: Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)

Front 155

Lab/Diag: Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies.

Back 155

Dx/Dis: "Owl's-eye" appearance of CMV.

Front 156

Lab/Diag: Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei

Back 156

Dx/Dis: "Orphan Annie" eye nuclei (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid).

Front 157

Lab/Diag: Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

Back 157

Dx/Dis: Mallory bodies (alcoholic liver disease).

Front 158

Lab/Diag: Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell.

Back 158

Dx/Dis: Lewy body (parkinson's disease)

Front 159

Lab/Diag: Eosinophilic globule in liver.

Back 159

Dx/Dis: Councillman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever)

Front 160

Lab/Diag: Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells.

Back 160

Dx/Dis: Rabies virus (Lyssavirus)

Front 161

Lab/Diag: Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain.

Back 161

Dx/Dis: Senile plaques (Alzheimer's disease)

Front 162

Lab/ Diag: Giant B-cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions ("owl's eye")

Back 162

Dx/Dis: Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin's lymphoma)

Front 163

Lab/Diag: Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells.

Back 163

Dx/Dis: Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk-sac tumor)

Front 164

Lab/Diag: "Hair-on-end" (crew-cut) appearance on xray.

Back 164

Dx/Dis: B-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoiesis)

Front 165

Lab/Diag: hCG elevated.

Back 165

Dx/Dis: Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs w/ and w/o embryo).

Front 166

Lab/Diag: heart nodules (inflammatory)

Back 166

Dx/Dis: Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)

Front 167

Lab/Diag: heterophile antibodies

Back 167

Dx/Dis: Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

Front 168

Lab/Diag: Hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions.

Back 168

Dx/Dis: Bronchial asthma (Charcot-Leyden crystals: eosinophilic granules).

Front 169

Lab/Diag: High level of D-dimers.

Back 169

Dx/Dis: DVT, pulmonary embolism, DIC

Front 170

Lab/Diag: "honeycomb lung" on xray.

Back 170

Dx/Dis: Interstitial fibrosis

Front 171

Lab/Diag: hypersegmented neutrophils.

Back 171

Dx/Dis: Megaloblastic anemia (B12, folate deficiency)

Front 172

Lab/Diag: hypochromatic, microcytic anemia.

Back 172

Dx/Dis: Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (HbF sometimes present)

Front 173

Lab/Diag: Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum.

Back 173

Dx/Dis: Anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

Front 174

Lab/Diag: Increased uric acid levels.

Back 174

Dx/Dis: Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics.