Random Boards

Front 1

Microcytic

Back 1

MCV <80, iron def & thalassemia

Front 2

Normochromic

Back 2

32-36%; chronic disease or sickle cell

Front 3

Hypochromic

Back 3

Color; <32%

Front 4

Hyperchromic

Back 4

>36%

Front 5

Macrocytic

Back 5

>100; folate or B12

Front 6

Iron def anemia

Back 6

Most common; microcytic hypochromic

Front 7

Thalassemia

Back 7

Microcytic hypochromic; middle eastern

Front 8

Folic acid anemia

Back 8

Macrocytic normochromic; beefy red tongue; + neuro sx

Front 9

Pernicious anemia

Back 9

Macrocytic normochromic; lacks B12; beefy red tongue

Front 10

Anemia of chronic disease

Back 10

Normocytic Normochromic; common in elderly

Front 11

Sickle cell anemia

Back 11

Normocytic normochromic; genetic; give fluids

Front 12

Guillian-barre

Back 12

Progressive symmetrical ascending paralysis; viral upper respiratory infection. Starts with feet!!! Csf dx with protein.

Front 13

Myasthenia Gravia

Back 13

Extremity weakness; resp difficulty; acetylcholine antibodies found. Responds to tensilon.

Front 14

Meningitis

Back 14

Fever & neuro sx; strep pneumonia. +bridzinski & + kernigs. Tx- dexamethasone & abx

Front 15

Bacterial meningitis

Back 15

Protein increased; glucose decreased. Cloudy; elevated opening pressure. + wbc. Tx- PCN

Front 16

Viral meningitis

Back 16

Normal glucose and protein. + wbc.

Front 17

Cervical injury

Back 17

Quadriplegic; vent at C4

Front 18

Thoracic spinal cord injury

Back 18

Paraplegic; trunk control

Front 19

T4-T6

Back 19

Bladder/ bowel control

Front 20

Lumbar injury

Back 20

Lower extremities

Front 21

Parkinson’s

Back 21

Degenerative disease; decreased dopamine; tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity; thx- carbodopa

Front 22

Asthma

Back 22

Obstructive: can’t get air out! Fev1- decreased?

Hyperinflation; resp alkalosis

Front 23

COPD

Back 23

Reduced FEVC1 & exploratory flows. Bronchitis & emphysema.

Front 24

TB txment (4 drugs)

Back 24

Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethanbutol

Front 25

HAP

Back 25

48hrs or more will develop infection; staff aureus

Front 26

Obstructive airway disease

Back 26

Asthma, COPD: asthma & emphysema- affects air flows

Front 27

Restrictive lung diseases

Back 27

PNA, CF, plum fibrosis, libextomy, ARDS- restrict volume

Front 28

OA

Back 28

Degenerative disease, Older pt, wt bearing joints, swell, NO red or heat. Herb & bouch nodes; better in am, worse with activity; relieved by rest; asa, ace, NSAIDs.

Front 29

Herb nodes

Back 29

In OA; distal phalanges

Front 30

Bouch nodes

Back 30

found in RA & degenerative joint disease; proximal phalanges

Front 31

RA

Back 31

Autoimmune; younger, symmetrical, in PIPs & MCPs, wrists; swelling, edema, red, & heat. WORSE IN AM; ⬆️ ESR. Thx: salicylate, NSAIDs, corticosteroids.

Front 32

Lupus (SLE)

Back 32

Butterfly rash, ANA +, tx- naps, sunscreen, topical steroids, NSAIDs, glucocorticoids

Front 33

Giant cel arteritis

Back 33

Aka- temporal arthritis. High Fever, HA, visual sx, risk for blindness; normal wbc, ⬆️ ESR. Tx: prednisone & referral.

Front 34

Conjunctivitis

Back 34

Pink eye; NO PAIN, itchy.

Front 35

Eye pain

Back 35

Corneal abrasion or corneal ulcer

Front 36

Glaucoma

Back 36

Diamox, mannitol, beta-blocker, cupping of disc, burry vision, PAIN, elevated IOP.

Front 37

Cataracts

Back 37

PAINLESS, diplopia of 1 eye, aging risk. Tx- glasses or surgery

Front 38

Hypovolemic shock

Back 38

Everything is low; ⬆️ SVR

Front 39

Cardiogenic shock

Back 39

Pump issue; high cvp & wedge, low CO/CI.

Tx- ivf & then presser

Front 40

Obstructive shock

Back 40

PE cause; fluids, pressors, vent, fix underline cause.

Front 41

Distributive shock

Back 41

Anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic. Blood is not getting distributed.

Front 42

Septic shock

Back 42

High CO/CI initially!! The only one.

Front 43

Signs for pancreatitis

Back 43

Grey-turners- flank discolor

Cullens- umbilical discolor

Chvostek & trouseau’s- ⬇️ ca and facial twitching

Front 44

Cholecystitis sign

Back 44

Murphy’s- rib cage pressure & deep inspiration

Front 45

Signs of appendicitis

Back 45

Psoas- R thigh extension

Obturator- R internal leg rotate

rovsings- pressure to LLQ causes px to RLQ.

McBurney's point- tender abd

Front 46

Lachman sign

Back 46

Straight-leg raise that dx ACL tear. Instability of the knee

Front 47

Battles sign

Back 47

Bleeding behind ears

Front 48

Battles sign

Back 48

Bleeding behind ears

Front 49

Macula

Back 49

Macules are small, flat, discolored areas on the skin that are level with the skin surface. Examples are freckles and some rashes. Acne is not level with the skin surface.

Front 50

A split S2 is best heard over what area?

Back 50

Pulmonic

Front 51

The McMurray test

Back 51

is useful for evaluating the stability of an injured knee; used to detect a torn meniscus. With the patient supine, flex one knee completely with the foot flat on the table near the buttocks.

Front 52

Osteopenia vs osteoporosis T scores

Back 52

Osteopenia between -1.0 & -2.5. Osteoporosis less than -2.5.

Front 53

+ drawer sign

Back 53

ACL tear; supine and knees 90 deg.

Front 54

positive Finkelstein's sign

Back 54

Dequer tenos- thumb

Front 55

Ca channel blocker side effects

Back 55

Peripheral edema, HA

Front 56

Tx arthritis

Back 56

Glucimine

Front 57

Brudzinski sign

Back 57

flexes the patient's neck while observing the patient's hips and legs for a reaction.

Front 58

Asthma class : normal

Back 58

normal FEV1 between exacerbations, FEV1 >80%),

Front 59

mild persistent asthma

Back 59

mild persistent (FEV1 >80%)

Front 60

moderate persistent asthma

Back 60

FEV1 60%-80%

Front 61

Severe persistent asthma

Back 61

FEV1 <60%

Front 62

Auspitz sign

Back 62

is simply bleeding that occurs after psoriasis scales have been removed.

Front 63

Kernig's sign

Back 63

Kernig's sign is also performed with the patient supine. Lift up one leg at a time and attempt to straighten the leg. Pain in the lower back

Front 64

HBsAg (-), anti-HBs (-), anti-HCV (-), anti-HAV (+)

Back 64

Needs hep B vaccine & hep b immune globulin

Front 65

anti-HBV is negative, HBsAg is positive, HBeAg is negative

Back 65

Vaccine and immune globulin

Front 66

Treponema pallidum

Back 66

is a gram-negative spirochete that is the cause of syphilis

Front 67

Organism that cause CAP

Back 67

H. Influenza, mycoplasma PNA, moxerella catarrhalis

Front 68

Lead poisoning can cause which type of anemia?

Back 68

Microcytic

Front 69

Straight leg test also checks for...

Back 69

Sciatica

Front 70

Phalen maneuver

Back 70

tests inflammation of median nerve; is a diagnostic test for carpal tunnel syndrome. The test is performed by pushing the back of the hands together for 1 minute.

Front 71

Cardiac tamponade triad

Back 71

Muffled heart sounds, Jvd, hypotension

Front 72

Dig tox

Back 72

Brady, pvcs, LBBB

Front 73

Cushings triad

Back 73

Too much cortisol/steroid. Widening pulse pressure, ⬇️resp rate, ⬇️ HR. HTN. Moon face. Tx with surgery or hold meds causing.

Front 74

CML

Back 74

Philadelphia

Front 75

ALL

Back 75

Pancytopenia w/ blasts

Front 76

Lymphadenopathy

Back 76

Non-hodgkins

Front 77

CLL

Back 77

Lymphocytosis

Front 78

Pheochromocytoma

Back 78

Tumors from adrenal and medulla; secrete nore & epi. Tachy, HA- looks like graves. R/o graves first. Tx the sx.

Front 79

Mitral stenosis sound

Back 79

Low pitched loud crescendo

Front 80

Ca channel blockers

Back 80

“Pine’s”, dilt, verapamil

Front 81

Vasospastic angina

Back 81

Prinzmetals. Has ST elevation but clear coronaries. Give ca channel blockers and rest improves.

Front 82

Diastolic ❤️ fx

Back 82

Unable to relax, on dilator. ⬇️CO

Front 83

Systolic ❤️ fx

Back 83

Unable to contract. Give dig. ⬇️CO.

Front 84

Acute ❤️ fx

Back 84

Left side; resp sx-sob, sudden onset. Cause- mi.

Front 85

Chronic ❤️ fx

Back 85

Right side, slower onset, edema, jvd, S3 or S4

Front 86

V leads, V3, V4

Back 86

Anterior

Front 87

V1

Back 87

Posterior

Front 88

Leads I, aVL

Back 88

Lateral

Front 89

II, III, aVF

Back 89

Inferior

Front 90

HFpEF

Back 90

Diastolic HF

Front 91

HFrEF

Back 91

Systolic HF

Front 92

Addisons

Back 92

Low cortisol. hypotension. Freckles. Tx- corticosteroids and mineralocorticoid