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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is advantages does ultrasound have over CT
3 |
no lionizing radiation,
real-time images which can observe motion can directly visualize blood flow |
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whati is a common body habitus that affect the resolution of an ultrasound
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the resolution will be worse if the patient is obese
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what is the best way to improve resolution of an obese person if using ultrasound
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graded compression
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what is a technique used to decide whether a tissue is soft or rigid
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using maneuvers such as Valsalva and compression
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what is the reason behind using graded compression
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allows fat and bowel to be displaced or compressed
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is it better to have a partially filled bladder when examining the uterus
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is better to visualize the uterus, distal ureter and the ovaries in women with a filled bladder during transabdominal pelvic us, during intravaginal us it is better to have an empty bladder
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what are some indications for transvaginal ultrasound
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gynerological conditions, pelvic appendicitis, diverticula disease, and pouch of Douglas abscess
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how is the abdomen screen for bowel pathology
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five or 6 vertically oriented overlapping lines using a broad-based high-frequency probe
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what is another name for the technique used to analyze bowel
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the lawnmower technique
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what kind of probe is used when looking at the bowel
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broad-based
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what are two characteristics of diseased bowel on ultrasound
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thick and hypoechoic
you'll see a hypoechoic wall which contrast with the surrounding hyperechoic fatty tissue |
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name some characteristics of a normal appendix
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small, easily compressible, concentric layers and, mobile, blind ending, sausage like
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what is the normal diameter of an appendix
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less than 7 mm
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what are some characteristics of the appendix in appendicitis
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none compressible, fixed, at the site of maximum tenderness
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what is the average diameter of the appendix in appendicitis....and the range
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the average diameter is 9 mm with a range of 7 to 17 mm
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what percentage of appendix in appendicitis have a fecolith
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30%
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how long does it typically take after the onset of symptoms for the surrounding tissue to become inflamed
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6 to 12 hours
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what are some of the characteristics of the surrounding tissue after 6 to 12 hours
3 |
inflammation of the adjacent fat and meso appendix which becomes larger,
more hyperechoic, less compressible |
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what happens after greater than 12 hours to the fatty tissue surrounding the appendix and why does this happen
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the surrounding fat will increase because the mesenteric and omentum which have migrated to the appendix snd are attempting to wall off imminent perforation
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whats the best way to identify perforation of the appendix on ultrasound
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irregular contour, loss of layers structure of the appendix
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is fluid in the abdomen sensitive for perforation of the appendix
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no this is nonspecific and may be present in non-perforated appendix
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what happens to the surrounding ileum the patient has appendicitis
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paralytic ileus
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what is the management of a patient with and appendiceal phlegmon
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conservative because appendectomy in this case is technically difficult or possible
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if a patient has an abscess by the appendix and there is no Frank peritonitis what is the treatment
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percutaneous drainage and if the patient is completely stable surgeons may allow to drain spontaneously to the neighboring bowel
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which patients is immediate surgery indicated if they have an appendiceal abscess
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children and severe peritonitis
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1st trimester us protocol
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3 transverse and 3 sagital
LW and D presence of gestastion and yolk sac crown rump lenght fetal heart beat fetal number adnexal structures and if culda sac abnormalities (one image) myomas |
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What should be done if there is significant fluid in the culd a sac
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morrisions pouch and flanks should be scanned
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What if there is not fetus seen on 1st trimeester us
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characteristics of gestational sac and mean diameter of anechoic space and anaylysis of hyperechoic rim
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how is a hysterosono gram done
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baseline transvaginal us, insert catheter (like hsg) inject saline and then reinsert transvaginal us and take images
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what should be done prior to prostate us
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fleets enema, psa
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