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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Radiation Therapy |
Use of high level radiation to destroy cancer cells. |
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A. Curative (cure from cancer) B. Palliative (relieve symptoms) |
Goals of Radiotherapy |
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Curative |
Also called Radical Radiotherapy. Radiation dose is given so that some side effects are unavoidable. |
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To deliver a precise measure dose of radiation to a defined tumor volume. |
Aim of Radiotherapy
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A. Radiation Oncologist B. Medical Physicist / Dosimetrist C. Radiotherapy Technologist |
Members of Radiotherapy Team |
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1. Alpha Cradle 2. Thermoplastic Mask |
Types of Immobilization devices |
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1. External Radiation Therapy (Teletherapy) 2. Internal Radiation Therapy (Brachytherapy) |
2 forms of Radiation Therapy |
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External Radiation Therapy (Teletherapy) |
Doses of radiation are given to a carefully defined area through a machine that directs high energy rays from outside the body. |
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Internal Radiation Therapy (Brachytherapy) |
Places the sources to high-energy rays inside the body, as close as possible to the cancer cells. |
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a. Radium b. Cesium c. Iodine d. Phosphorus |
Radioactive Substances |
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1. Direct Linac 2. Helical Linac |
External Radiation Therapy (Teletherapy) |
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Dose of Radiation |
Dose prescribed by the radiation oncologist to be received by the patient. |
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Gray (Gy) |
Unit of absorbed dose. |
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Detailed Measurement |
Made under simulated condition will assure the delivery of the exact prescribed dose. |
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Tolerance Dose |
Largest amount of dose that can be accepted without production of injurious symptoms. |
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1. Dose Rate 2. Volume Irradiated 3. Sensitivity of Tissues 4. Amount of recovery that will take place bet. fractions. |
Factors affecting Tolerance Dose |
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Dose Rate |
Dose that can be tolerated by normal tissue in the treatment zone varies with the total time over which the dose is given. |
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Volume Irradiated |
Smaller the volume to be treated, the higher the total dose which may be tolerated. |
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a. Oxygen Effects b. Cell doubling time |
2 Patient and Biological Factors |
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Fractionation |
Administration of a course of radiation treatment in a planned series of fractions of total dose. |
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1. Conventional Fractionated Courses 2. Less than 5 fractions / week 3. Hyperfractionation |
Fractionation Regimes |
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A. Gross Tumor Volume B. Clinical Target Volume C. Planned Target Volume |
Target Margins Regions |
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Gross Tumor Volume |
Denotes the demonstrable tumor.
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Clinical Target Volume |
Denotes the GTV and subclinical disease. |
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Planned Target Volume |
Denotes the CTV and includes margins for geometric / position uncertainties. |
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Treated Volume |
Volumes of tissue enclosed by an isodose surface. |
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Irradiated Volume |
Volume of tissue that receives a dose considered significant. |
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A. Treated Volume B. Irradiated Volume |
2 Target Volumes |
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1. Initial Consultation w/ Rad Onco 2. Informed Consent Process (Rad Onco) 3. Simulation Stage (Radio. Tech) 4. Planning Stage (Rad Onco & Med Phy) |
Overview of Treatment Process |
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I. Determine patient position with appropriate immobilization device. II. Acquire CT-Scan / X-Ray of the part to be treated. III. Tattoo Process IV. Documentation |
Simulation Stage |
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3-5 working days |
Time needed by Medical Physicist to complete everything for patient to start the treatment. |
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A. Total dose delivered B. Time over which the dose was delivered C. Volume Irradiated |
Factors to Consider (Side Effects) |
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Radiation Dermatitis |
Common side effect of radiation therapy. Skin becomes painful, red, itchy and blistered. |
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Nutritional Problems |
Radiation can affect the membrane of the mouth and/or gastrointestinal tract, causing discomfort while swallowing, nausea, altered taste of foods, and Diarrhea. |
