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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Alpha radiation consists of |
Two protons, two neutrons |
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Beta radiation consists of |
1 electron |
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Gamma radiation consists of |
An electromagnetic wave |
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Alpha - High, medium or low penetration? |
Low |
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Beta particles - High, medium or low penetration? |
Medium |
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Gamma - High, medium or low penetration? |
VERY high |
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Alpha - Ionising level? |
Very ionising |
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Beta - Ionising level? |
Moderately ionising |
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Gamma - Ionising level? |
Low ionising |
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Alpha - Charge? |
+2 |
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Beta - Charge |
-1 |
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Gamma - Charge |
No charge |
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What gives out alpha radiation? |
Heavy elements |
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What gives out beta radiation? |
Most stuff |
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What gives out gamma radiation? |
Energetic stuff |
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Uses of radiation |
Power, weaponry, cancer treatment (gamma gun), tracers, smoke alarms |
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Alpha overdose effects |
Radiation sickness |
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Beta overdose effects |
Mild damage to infectious areas |
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Gamma overdose effects |
Certain parts become tumourous/grow |
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How does alpha ionise? |
Outer electron (-) is pulled towards alpha (+2). |
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How does beta ionise? |
Outer electron (-) is repelled (pushed away and put of the structure) by beta (-). This creates another beta particle. |
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How does gamma ionise? |
Gamma (+-0) pushes inner electron (-) away. This creates a beta particle. |
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How does a call mutate during radiation? |
Molecule denatures = DNA denatures = cell mutates. |
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How do you work out an alpha equation? |
Protons -2 What element is this? Mass -4 Rewrite as x -> y + alpha |
Four stages FOUR OFF BIG TWO OFF SMALL |
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How do you work out beta equations? |
Smaller number +1 Find the new small number on the PTofE = New element symbol |
27. 27 Al. -> Si 13. 14 |
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What is a half life? |
Time taken for half a sample of an element to decay. |
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Why is half life useful? |
It can tell us how old an object is. |
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