Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Strict scrutiny |
The standard by which courts judge any legislation that singles out race or ethnicity |
|
|
Abolition |
A nineteenth century movement demanding an immediate and unconditional end to slavery |
|
|
Missouri compromise |
An agreement to open southern territories west of the Mississippi to slavery while closing northern territories to slavery |
|
|
Compromise of 1850 |
A complicated compromise over slavery that permitted territories to vote on whether they would be slave or free and permitted California to enter as a free state. It also included a strict fugitive slave law forcing northerners to return black men and women in bondage, which was hugely controversial for it forced people in free states to assist slave holders |
|
|
Dred Scott v. Sandford |
A landmark Supreme Court decision holding that black men could not be citizens under the constitution of the United States. It created a national uproar |
|
|
Emancipation proclamation |
An executive order issued by president Abraham Lincoln that declared the slaves in all rebel states free |
|
|
Equal protection of the laws |
The landmark phrase in the fourteenth amendment that requires equal treatment for all citizens |
|
|
Reconstruction |
The failed effort, pursued by northerners and southerners, to rebuild the south and establish racial equality after the civil war |
|
|
Literacy test |
A requirement that voters be literate; in reality, a way to restrict black suffrage |
|
|
Jim Crow |
The system of racial segregation in the U.S. south that lasted from 1890 to 1965, and that was often violently enforced |
|
|
Please v. Ferguson |
An 1869 Supreme Court case that permitted racial segregation |
|
|
Great migration |
The vast movement of African Americans from the rural south to the urban north between 1910 and the 1960s |
|
|
De jure discrimination |
Discrimination established by laws |
|
|
De facto discrimination |
More subtle forms of discrimination that exist without a legal basis |
|
|
De facto discrimination |
More subtle forms of discrimination that exist without a legal basis |
|
|
National Association for the Advancement of Colored (NAACP) |
A civil rights organization formed in 1909 and dedicated to racial equality |
|
|
De facto discrimination |
More subtle forms of discrimination that exist without a legal basis |
|
|
National Association for the Advancement of Colored (NAACP) |
A civil rights organization formed in 1909 and dedicated to racial equality |
|
|
Freedom riders |
Black and white activist who rode buses together to protest segregation on interstate bus lines |
|
|
De facto discrimination |
More subtle forms of discrimination that exist without a legal basis |
|
|
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) |
A civil rights organization formed in 1909 and dedicated to racial equality |
|
|
Freedom riders |
Black and white activist who rode buses together to protest segregation on interstate bus lines |
|
|
Free rider problem |
A barrier to group or collective action arising because people who do not participate still reap the benefits |
|
|
1963 March on Washington |
A massive rally for civil rights highlighted by MLK’s I have a dream speech |
|
|
1963 March on Washington |
A massive rally for civil rights highlighted by MLK’s I have a dream speech |
|
|
Civil rights act of 1964 |
Landmark legislation that forbade discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion, or national origin |
|
|
Black power |
A slogan that emphasized pride in black heritage and separate black institutions to nurture black interests |
|
|
Affirmative action |
Direct steps to recruit members of previously underrepresented groups into schools and jobs |
|
|
Disproportionate impact |
The discriminatory effect of some policies even of discrimination is not consciously intended |
|
|
Disproportionate impact |
The discriminatory effect of some policies even of discrimination is not consciously intended |
|
|
School busing |
An effort to integrate public schools by mixing students from different neighborhoods |
|
|
Disproportionate impact |
The discriminatory effect of some policies even if discrimination is not consciously intended |
|
|
School busing |
An effort to integrate public schools by mixing students from different neighborhoods |
|
|
Seneca falls convention |
The first convention dedicated to women’s rights, held in July 1884 |
|
|
Equal employment opportunity commission (EEOC) |
Federal law enforcement agency charged with monitoring compliance to the Civil Rights Act |
|
|
Equal employment opportunity commission (EEOC) |
Federal law enforcement agency charged with monitoring compliance to the Civil Rights Act |
|
|
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) |
An amendment originally drafted by Alice Paul in 1923, passed by Congress in 1972, and ratified by thirty five states, that declared “equality of rights shall not be denied or abridged on account of sex |
|
|
Equal employment opportunity commission (EEOC) |
Federal law enforcement agency charged with monitoring compliance to the Civil Rights Act |
|
|
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) |
An amendment originally drafted by Alice Paul in 1923, passed by Congress in 1972, and ratified by thirty five states, that declared “equality of rights shall not be denied or abridged on account of sex |
|
|
Reframing the issue |
Redefining the popular perception of an issue |
|
|
Class action |
A lawsuit filed on behalf of an entire category of individuals, such as all people in public housing in a state or all the female managers of a large company |
|
|
Chicanismo |
A defiant movement expressing pride in Latino origins and culture in the face of discrimination |
|
|
Racial profiling |
A law enforcement practice of singling out people on the basis of physical features such as race or ethnicity |
|
|
Domestic dependent nation |
Special status that grants local sovereignty to tribal nations but does not grant them full sovereignty equivalent to independent nations |
|
|
Section 504 |
An obscure provision in an obscure congressional act that required all institutions that received federal funds to accommodate people with disabilities |
