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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cognitive pyschology studies the follwoing
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Forming of ideas, solving problems, and making decisions.
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What is the main difference between an algorithm and a heuristic?
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Algorithm is a strategy that guarantees a solution. A heuristic is a shortcut.
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A mindful person is characterized by the following
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mindful, alert, and mentally present for one's everyday activities. Maintains an active awareness of the circumstances of his/her life. Creates new ideas, open to new information and is aware of more than one perspective.
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Which of the following is true regarding Gardner's Theory of Eight Intelligences
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. Are reflected as strengths, everyone has these intelligeneces, varying in degress
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Which of the following is characteristic of a creative thinker
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A creative thinker is characterized by the ability to think about things in novel and unusual ways, to come up with unconventional ways to a solution
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According to Noam Chomsky, the fact that children all over the world acquire language at the same time indicates that
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nature must provide children with a biological, prewired, universal grammar, allowing them to understand the basic rules of all languages and to apply these rules to speech they hear
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Leptin and cholecystokinin are similar in that they are both
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used to send signals to the body to stop eating.
CCK: a hormone that helps start the digestion of food, travels to the brain and through the bloodstream, and signals us to stop eating Leptin: involved in satiety. a protein that is realeased by fat cells, decreased food intake, and increases energy expenditure. |
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Which of the following is at highest risk for anorexia nervosa.
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white female adolescents or young adults from well-educated, middle and upper-income families that are competitive and high achieving. Often perfectionists who set very high standards for themselves.
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If you have two obese parents, your risk of being overweight is
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70%
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From Maslow's perspective, motiviation is primarily the result of
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the need to reach self-actualization
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Research on delayed gratification indicates that the best way to resist temptation is to
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focus on things that do not pretain to the temptation ( don't focus on eating the last cookie, focus on a novel.)
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The main problem with using polygraph results as an indication of whether or not a person is lying is
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things other than lying can increase a persons heart rate and breathing, such as the simple presence of the polygraph test. It cannot distinguish between guilt and anxiety.
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James-Lange theory of emotion
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states that emottion results from physiological states triggered by stimuli in the environment: Emotion occurs after physiological reactions
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Cannon-Bard Theory:
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theory that emotion and physiological reactions occur simultaneously. Body plays a less important role
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Pyschologists who study personality investigate
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traits, motivation, patterns of beliefs and thoughts
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The strongest proponets of the human unconscious mind's role in personality are
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early experiences with parents
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Freud's concept of the ego is most likely referred to as the "execuitive of the personality" because
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it houses higher mental functions, makes rational decisions
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With regard to the question of whether personality is innate or learned, which of the following personality theory orientations places the most emphasis on biology
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. Jung's Analytical Theory
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According to Horney, women really did not want to have a man's physiological features; what they really wanted was
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the status in society and the power and secuirty.
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According to Rogers, a child who experiences regular punishment from parents and is only rewardered for good behavior is likely to develop knowledge of
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Self-concept
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Bob thinks that he is a good tennis player and his results support this belief. He is better than almost all of the people in his tennis club and he wins most of his tennis matches. This agreement between Bob's beliefs and his actual experiences would best be considered as an example of Carl Roger's concept of
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The Self
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Octavia enjoys being around others and is well-known for her social grace. she is warm and engaging with everyone she meets regardless of whether the setting is the classroom, her workplace, a restaurant, or her own home. Based on thsi informationa nd relying on the Five Factor Model, we can say that she would be most likely to score high in
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Extraversion
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A person who is intellectual, imaginative, and has a broad range of interests would most likely score highly on a measure of
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Openness
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reciprocal determinism
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the person, the person's behavior, and the enivronment all influence one another in a pattern of two-way casual links
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Walter Mischel's view of situationalism means that
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the idea that personality and behavior often vary considerably from one context to another.
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What do observational learning, personal control, and delay of gratification have in common?
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All are part of the congitive affective processing systems (CAPS)
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Social desireability is
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saying what you think the researcher wants to hear or what they think will make them look better
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Chuck just met Elle Woods, a new Harvard law school student. Although Elle is very intelligent, she looks more like a blonde beauty queen than a law school student/ Chuck thinks that some one as beautiful as Elle is much less likely to do well in school. It seems that Chuck has a
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Sterotype
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Based on Steele's (1997) research on stereotype threat, we should be especailly concerened about instructions for standardiezed tests if they
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have a box regarding ethnicity.
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Cognitive dissonanace theory states that individuals
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feel uneasy if we cannot justify to ourselves the difference between what we believe and what we do
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Prejudice is most likely to occur when
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competition between groups, adopting prejudice views from parents, and from limits on our information processing abilities.
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Bystander intervention is less likely to occur if
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other people are around than if they are alone.
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The link between frustration and agression has been studied for years. Research findings indicate that
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agression is not always the answer to frustration. A broad range of of aversive experiences besides frustation can cause agression
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As discussed in your text book, such people as Moe Armstrong and Fredrick Frese are diagnosed schizophrenics
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who live normal lives
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You are surprised to learn that the concept of insanity is defined by
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the inability to appreciate the nature and quality or wrongfulness of one's acts
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An implication of the medical model is that
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abnormalities are called mental illnesses, the individuals afflicted are patients, and they are treated by doctors
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When treating a person with a pyschological disorder, a therapist makes the assumption that the person's difficulties stem in large part from some unconscious conflicts that have produced anxiety. This therapist most likely identifies with the
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Pyschological Approach perspective of psychological disorders/
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Renee is a social worker in an urban community mental health center. She has just seen a crisis client who expressed suicidal ideation. After doing a thorough assessment to determine that he needed inpatient care, she sent him to the hospital and must now write her notes about the session. Though she knows that he is suffereing severe depression, she still has to look up the exact diagnostic code in the
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DSM-IV-TR.
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The main controversy surronding the DSM-IV-TR involves its
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classification system focuses strictly on pathology and problems, with a bias toward finding something wrong with anyone who becomes the object of diagnostic study.
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Thomas Szasz would say that
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there is no such thing as a mental illness. Pyschological disorders are just problems of living.
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Brad seems to be in a continuous state of anxiety though he is unable to identify the source of his feelings. The most likely diagnosis for Brad is
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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Agoraphobia differs from panic disorder in that
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agoraphobia is a cluster of fears centered on public places and on an inability to escape while panic disorders are marked by recurrent sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror
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Sandy expierenece a horrific childhood. She was physically and verbally abused by her mother and sexually abused by a stepfather. Years later, she began experiencing anxiety symptons. A Diagnoiss of
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Post-Traumatic stress disorder would best apply to her situation.
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Your roomate is acting very strangly. Although she has not slept much in the past few days, she says she is on top of the world. She has cleaned and re-cleaned her closet several times. SHe also took all of her savings and invested in a questionable financial venture. This period of non-stop activity has lasted for well over a week and is in sharp contast to the depression and fatigue she exhibited the previous semester. The DSM-IV diagnosis would most likely be
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bipolar disorder.
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Your therapist tells you that your lab tests indicate a lack of neuronal receptros for serotonin and norephinephrine. One impilcation of this finding is that you will be prone to suffering from
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major depressive disorder.
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Frank believes that he is the finest fisherman ever and that, when he is out on the lake, thousands of people are in the surronding area with binoculars watching his every move in the hopes of discovering his technique. This is an example of
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hallucinations in schizophrenia.
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