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200 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Total volume of air exhaled after maximal inspiration, Name the term?
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FVC
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Total Volume exhaled in 1 second, must be = or > 80% of FVC?
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FEV1
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Maximum rate of flow with forced, maximal effort during exhalation?
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PEFR, Peak expiratory flow rate
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What is the metabolic abnormality in COPD, Asthma, CHF, Pneumonia?
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Respiratory Acidosis
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What is the metabolic abnormality in Fever, Anxiety, Mechanical Overventilation?
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Respiratory Alkalosis
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What is the metabolic abnormality in DKA and Renal Failure?
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Metabolic Acidosis
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What is the metabolic abnormality in Prolonged vomiting/NG suction?
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Metabolic Alkalosis
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This disease is characterized by increased responsivness of the trachea and bronchi to various stimuli that causes REVERSIBLE airway narrowing
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Asthma
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What is the asthma triad?
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ASA, Asthma and Polyps found in atopic patients
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1. Mild intermittent
2. Mild Persistent 3. Moderate Persistent 4. Severe Persistent |
Classification of Severity of asthma
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1. Symptoms =/< 2 times a week
Asymptomatic and normal PEF b/w exacerbations Exacerbations brief (few hours to few days) Night time symptoms =/< 2 times a month? 2. > 2 times a week but 1x per day Night time symptoms > 2 times a month 3. Daily Symptoms, Daily use of inhaled B2 agonist, Exacerbations affect activity, Exacerbations =/> 2 x per week, Night time symptoms > 1 x per week 4. Continual symptoms, limited physical activity. frequent exacerbations, Night time symptoms, Frequent? |
1. Mild Intermittent
2. Mild Persistent 3.Moderate Persistent 4. Severe Persistent |
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Where do you expect to see a reduced FEV1/FVC (<75%)?
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Airway Obstruction
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Which drugs used in asthma reverse vagally mediated bronchospasm (not exercise or allergen induced bronchospasm) and may decrease mucus production?
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Inhaled Anticholinergics
Ipratropium |
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What is the first line treatment for persistent asthma?
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Inhaled Corticosteroids
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Which Asthma medication inhibit mast cell release and eosinphils, is good for mild persistent asthma or exercise induced asthma?
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Cromolyn and nedocromil
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What is the MOA of Leukotiene Modifiers?
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Inhibits airway smooth muscle contraction, vascular permeability/mucus secretion and attraction and activation of inflammatory cells. Montelukast,
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What is the MOA of Theophylline?
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
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What is the MOA of Theophylline?
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
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What is the treatment of Mild Intermittent Asthma?
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1.No daily medication needed
Short acting B2 agonist as needed for symptoms 2. >2x/wk may need long term therapy |
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What is the treatment of Mild Persistent Asthma?
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1. Long term: One daily medication Inhaled Steroids
2. Short acting B2 agonist as needed for symptoms 3. B2 on daily basis indicates need for additonal long term therapy |
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What is the treatment for Moderate Persistent Asthma?
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1. Long term: Inhaled Steroid (low/Medium dose) + Long acting inhaled B2 agonist
2. Using Short term B2 agaonist on a daily basis indicated the need for additional long term control |
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What is the treatment for Severe Persistent Asthma
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1, High Dose inhaled Steroid, Long acting B2 agonist
2. Theophylline or long acting B2 agonist tablets 3. Corticosteroid tablets or syrup Using B2 agonist everyday indicates the need for additional long term therapy for control |
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Dz is characterized by increased bronchial secretions with cough >3 months in at least two consecutive years?
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Chronic Bronchitis
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Dz is a permanent air space enlargement distal to the terminal bronchiole with wall destruction and no obvious fibrosis?
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Emphysema
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Alpha 1- antitrypsin deficiency associated with early development of emphysema usually (<40)?
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Emphysema
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How is the TLC in COPD?
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TLC is normal to increased
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What disease is associated with hyperinflation, Bullae, blebs on CXR?
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Emphysema
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What is the only treatment that prolongs survival in a patient with Emphysema? |
Oxygen/Smoking Cessation |
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What is the treatment for emphysema?
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Albuterol/ipratropium
(Corticosteroid used only for exacerbations) |
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On chest x-ray what disease do you see Curschmann's Spirals and Charcot-Leyden Crystals? |
i. Asthma Curschmann's Spirals (Mucus Plugs) II. Charcot-Leden Crystals (Crystalloids of eosinophilic proteins) |
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Congenital or acquired disorder of the large bronchi characterized by permanent dilation/destruction of the bronchial walls?
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Bronchiectasis
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What is the imaging modality of choice for Bronchiectasis?
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CT
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1/2 of all Cystic Fibrosis has which lung disease?
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Bronchiectasis
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Child comes in with chronic cough, abundant production of purulent sputum, hemoptysis and recurrent pneumonia?
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Bronchiectasis
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What chromosome is associated with cystic fibrosis?
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Chromosome 7
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What are the most common pulmonary infecting organisms in cystic fibrosis?
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Pseudomonas and Staph
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What are the most common GI manifestations in Cystic fibrosis?
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Meconium Ileus, greasy stools, pancreatitis, rectal prolapse.
Pt are at risk for Fat soluble deficiency ADEK |
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What is the gold standard in the diagnosis for CF?
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Sweat Chloride Test
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What pulmonary neoplasm looks like a popcorn lesion on CXR?
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Hamartoma
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What is the leading type of cancer that is the m/c cause of cancer death in men and women?
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Bronchogenic Carcinoma
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What two lung cancers are associated with Paraneoplastic Syndromes?
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Small Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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What is the locations of squamous cell carcinoma?
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Centrally located
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Hypercalcemia is associated with which lung cancer?
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Squamous Cell Cancer
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Where is the location of the following Lung tumors?
1. Small Cell Carcinoma (SCLC) 2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma 3. Adenocarcinoma 4. Large Cell Carcinoma |
1. Small Cell Carcinoma (SCLC)
(Centrally Located) 2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Centrally Located) 3. Adenocarcinoma (Peripherally Located) 4. Large Cell Carcinoma (Central or Peripheral) |
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What is the most common type of bronchogenic Carcinoma?
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Adenocarcinoma
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1. What is the treatment for NSCLC?
2. What is the treatment for SCLC? |
1. NSCLC: Surgery 5 year is 35-40%
2. SCLC: Combo Chemo Patients rarely live more than 5 years |
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Which lung cancer is associated with?
Cushing syndrome, SIADH, Peripheral Neuropathy, Myestenia (Eaton Lambert) Cerebellar degeneration? |
Small Cell Carcinoma (Central)
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Which lung cancer is associated with gynecomastia?
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Large Cell
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Which Lung cancer is associated with Thrombophlebitis?
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Adenocarcinoma
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What is the sphere of lung cancer complications?
SP HERE |
SVC syndrome
Pancoast's tumor (apex, Horner, brachial plexus and cervical sympathetic nerve) Horner: Unilateral anhidrosis, ptosis and miosis Endocrine: Carcinoid syndrome, Flushing, diarrhea, telangiectasias Recurrent laryngela nerve, Hoarseness Effusions, Exudative |
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Where do carcinoid tumors typically arise from? (Serotonin and substance P)
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ileum andappendix
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What are the most common manifestation of carcinoid syndrome?
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Flushing, Diarrhea, Wheezing and right sided cardiac valvular lesions
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1.How is Carcinoid tumor Diagnosed?
2. How is Carcinoid tumor treated? |
1. High Urine Levels of %-HIAA
2. Octreotide for symptoms and debulking of tumor? |
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According to TMN Staging for NSCLC match the corresponding letter to the description below:
1. Describes size and location of primary tumor 2. Describes the presence and location of nodal metastases 3. Refers to presence or absence of distant metastases |
1. T
2. N 3. M |
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What should one always assume when SCLC is present?
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Micrometastases
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SCLC is classified based on extent of disease:
1. <30% 2. 70% |
1. Tumor limited to unilateral
2. Tumor extends beyond hemithorax |
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What is the treatment for malignant mesotheliomas?
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Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (cisplatin and permetrexel)
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What are the side effects of cisplatin?
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Vomiting, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, hearing loss, tinnitus, bone marrow suppression, neurotoxicity.
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56 year old construction worker who remodels old buildings, has a chest xray of a pleural based mass. What is this most consistent with?
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Malignant mesothelioma
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1. How is mesothelioma diagnosed?
2. What imaging study can help distinguish between benign pleural plaques from mesothelioma? |
1. Cytology from the pleural effusion
2. PET (positron emission tomography) |
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Is smoking a risk factor that increases the incidence of mesothelioma.
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No. Smoking increases the risk of bronchogenic carcinoma.
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The median survival rate for mesothelioma?
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12 months after diagnosis
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What virus causes influenza?
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Orthomyxo virus
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What is the most pathogenic type of influenza?
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Type A
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1. Define antigenic shift
2. Define antigenic drift |
1. Antigenic Shift - Major mutation
2. Antigenic Drift - Minor mutation |
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Patient comes in with abrupt fever, chills, muscle aches, chest pain, headache, nasal stuffiness, fever lasts 1-7 days, coryza, non-productive cough, photo phobia and sore throat. What is the diagnosis?
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Influenza
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What is the treatment for Influenza?
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Zanamivir inhalation or oral oseltamivir (neuraminidase inhibitors) given within 48 hours of onset of symptoms.
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What is the 2009 recommendation for the CDC for the treatment of Influenza A?
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Zanamivir (relenza) or oseltamivir (tamiflu plus ramanditine)
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At what age are neuraminidase inhibitors (zanamivir and oseltamivir) contraindicated?
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12 years old
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What is the most common cause of influenza fatalities?
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Pneumonia
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The influenza vaccine is contraindicated in patients with what type of sensitivity?
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Eggs
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At what age is it recommended to give influenza nasal spray (flu-mist)?
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5-49 years of age
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What are most of the cases of acute bronchitis caused by?
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Viruses (rhinovirus, coronavirus, RSV)
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What is the leading cause of death due to infectious disease?
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Pneumonia
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What is the 6th leading cause of death in the USA?
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Pneumonia
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Patient comes in with fever, chills, sweats, cough, dyspnea, fatigue and malaise. what is the diagnosis?
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Community acquired pneumonia
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What are the most common infecting organisms in community acquired pneumonia?
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1. Strep Pneumonia
2. H. Influenza 3. A-Typical (Legionela, Chlamydia and Mycoplasm) 4. M. Catarrhalis |
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What imaging study is used to diagnose pneumonia?
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Chest xray
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What often presents with an acute onset of a single episode of shaking with chills and pleurisy?
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Strep Pneumonia
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What type of pneumonia may present with sore throat, hoarseness and headache?
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Chlamydia Pneumonia
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What type of pneumonia often presents with high fever, hyponatremia, and diarrhea? These patients appear more ill that their chest xray would predict. (air condition) |
Legionella Pneumonia |
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What pneumonia often presents with trachia bronchitis (couch that is dry or produces muchoid sputum associated with low grade temperature). More common in healthy kids and young adults. Also known as walking pneumonia. Elevated cold agglutinins. |
Mycoplasma pneumonia |
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What type of pneumonia has extra pulmonary symptoms such as headache loose stools, diarrhea, bullous myringitis and a mild non-exodative pharyngitis.
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Micoplasma pneumonia
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What type of pneumonia presents with sever headache, myalgia, is an atypical pneumonia and is associated with vets, poultry, pet shops, parrots, birds, turkeys, macular rash of the face (horder spots)?
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Chlamydia psittachi pneumonia (Psittacosis)
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Most common pneumonia in alcoholics and Diabetics?
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Klebsiella pneumonia
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What pneumonia do you see currant jelly sputum?
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Klebsiella pneumonia
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What is the most common pneumonia associated with splenectomy?
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Strep pneumonia, h. influenza
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Most common organism in patients with leukemia?
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Aspergillus
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Most common organism associated with Systic fibrosis
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Pseudomonis
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Most common organism most associated with milk?
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Coxiella burnetii (Q fever)
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Where does aspiration generally occur as revealed by chest x-ray?
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Right lower lobe
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What is the best pulmonary function test to diagnose asthma?
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FEV1/FVC Ration of 80% is diagnostic of asthma
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What are the chances that a child born to two asthmatic parents will also have asthma?
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up to 50%
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What treatment should be initiated for a patient with acute asthma who does not improve with humidified o2, albuterol nebulizers, steroids or anticholinergics?
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Subcutaneous epinephrine, 0.3cc administered every 5 minutes
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Asthmatics will most likely have a family history of what?
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Asthma, Allergies or atopic dermatitis
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What are the recommended therapeutic serum theophylline levels?
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10 - 15 mg/L
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What medications should be avoided for a pregnant patient with Asthma?
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Epinephrine and parenteral B-adrenergic agonists
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What is the most common postoperative complication?
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Atelectasis
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Atelectasis accounts for what percentage of postoperative fevers?
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90%
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What is the complication of postoperative atelectasis > 72 hours?
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Pneumonia
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What is an important therapy for the prevention of atelectasis?
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Spirometry (Incentive)
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CXR shows honeycombing, atelectasis and increased bronchial markings, what is the diagnosis?
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Bronchiectasis
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Bronchiectasis most commonly occurs in what condition?
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Cystic fibrosis, immunodeficies, lung infections, foreign body aspirations
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Which is the most common type of pathogen in bronchiolitis?
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RSV, Generally affect children under 2
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What is the treatment for severe RSV bronchiolitis?
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Ribavirin
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Where is the U.S. is coccidioidomycosis most prevalent?
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Southwestern USA, Treat with Amphotericin B
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What is the hallmark symptom of COPD?
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Exertional dyspnea
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What parameters should make you consider initiating home oxygen therapy for a patient with COPD?
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Resting po2 < 55mm hg
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what % of cigarette smokers develop chronic bronchitis?
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10-15% usually after 10-12 years of smoking
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Which pulmonary function test shows an increase in COPD?
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Residual Volume
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Which part of the lung is affected by emphysema and chronic bronchitis?
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emphysema: Terminal Bronchi
chronic Bronchitis: Large Airways |
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What are the most common etiologies of cough?
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Postnasal Drip (40%)
Asthma (25%) GERD (20%) |
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Pneumonia that occurs >48 hours after admission into hospital?
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Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)
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Second most common nosocomial infection in the United States. UTI #1
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Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)
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Most common infecting organisms in Hospital Aquired pneumonia?
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Staphylococcus aureus Klebsiella
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Legionella, (MRSA) |
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What is the treatment for Hospital Aquired Pneumonia
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Treatments include IV antibiotics, O2, and IV fluids.
Ceftazidime (3rd) Aztreonam Meropenem Piperacillin plus tazobactam Cefepime (4th) Linezolid MRSA Imipenem plus cilastatin (Broad Spectrum) Vancomycin |
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A 40 year old woman presents to her physician complaining of cough, headache, low grade fever, nausea, loose stoold and malaise for 2 weeks. She has faint wheezes and rales bilaterally, CXR show bilateral interstitial infiltrates, no leukocytosis, what is the diagnosis?
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Community aquired pneumonia
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What are the three most common bacterial pathogens causing atypical pneumonia?
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Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumoniae
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What is the recommended test for mycoplasma?
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IgM, PCR, antigendetection
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Pneumonia associated with:
1. Hemolysis, Low fever, cough, bullous myringitis, Cold agglutinins, skin rash, and arthralgia 2. Diarrhea, High fever, Cardiac, Liver and Hyponatremia, Smokers 3. Sore throat, Hoarseness, Long Prodrome 4. Rust colored Sputum 5. Currant Jelly Sputum, Alcoholics, Diabetics 6. COPD 7. Young Adults 3. |
1. Mycoplasma
2. Legionella 3. Chlamydia 4. Strep Pneumonia 5. Klebsiella 6. H. Influenza 7. Mycoplasma, Chlamydia |
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Which atypical pneumonia shows:
1. Peribronchial pattern, with streaks of infiltrates and platelike atelectasis? 2. Patchy, Unilobar infiltrate, pulmonary nodules? 3. |
1. Mycoplasma
2. Legionella |
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What is the treatment for atypical pneumonia?
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Macrolides (Azithromycin)
Fluoroquinolones effective but increasing resistance and should not be used in pregnant patients or children |
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How do you treat Community aquired pneumonia?
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Macrolides (Azithromycin, Clarithromycin)
Doxycycline |
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Tuberculin Reaction Test
1. =/> 5 mm is positive 2. =/> 10 mm 3. =/> 15 mm |
1. High risk
HIV infection, Close contacts 2. Intermediate risk HIV negative injection drug users and other immunosupressed patients 3. No known risk |
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1. How do you treat latent TB?
2. How do you treat pregnant women with TB? |
1. Isoniazide X9 months
2. Same |
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How do you treat active TB?
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4 drugs X8 wks
INH, RIF, PZA, EMB 2 drugs X16 wks INH, RIF |
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Which antituberculosis drugs has a SE profile:
1. Hepatitis, Peripheral neuropathy? 2. Hepatitis "Flu like symptoms, Orange discoloration of body fluids? 3. Optic Neuritis (red-green vision loss) |
1. INH (co-administer vit B6
2. RIF 3. EMB |
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How should children, adolescents and immunocomprimised who have been in close contact with a person with active TB be managed?
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Offer treatment until Tuberculin Skin Test is negative for 12 weeks after exposer
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What is the prophylaxis for mycobacterium Avium in a patient with a CD4 count <50 cells?
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Macrolides
(Azithromycin or (Clarithromycin) |
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What ethnic backrounds are most commonly affected by Sarcoidosis?
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Blacks and Northern Europeans
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The extrapulmonary findings of Erythema nodosum
Parotid Gland Enlargemet are associated with which noncaseating granuloma? |
Sarcoidosis
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ACE levels are associated with which noncaseating lung disease with associated Erythema nodosum, Parotid gland enlargement?
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Sarcoidosis
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Name the idiopathic disease that affect small and medium sized blood vessels characterized by a combination of Glomerulonephritis (Indian:), Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis (upper and lower airways) and small vessel vasculitis?
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Wegeners Granulomatosis
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Pt comes with Chronic sinusitis in combination with hemoptysis?
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Wegeners Granulomatosis
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Upper Airway involvement
(Sinusitis, Otitis, Oral/nasal ulcers, bloody nasal discharge) Lower Airway involvement (Dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis) Renal Involvement (Glomerulonephritis/Indian) |
Wegeners Granulomatosis
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c-anca positive or negative?
1. Wegeners Granulomatosis 2. Churg-strauss & Polyarteritis |
1. c-ANCA Positive
2. c-ANCA Negative |
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What sizr blood vessels does Wegeners Granulomatosis cause vasculitis in?
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Small and medium
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how is Wegeners Granulomatosis treated:
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Immunosuppresive therapy
Severe: Cyclophophamide Less Severe: Methotrexate and steroids |
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How can Wegeners Granulomatosis be diagnosed?
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Biopsy of one of the affected organs Sinus, lungs or kidneys
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a disease that affects small and medium arteries, in a Pt who has a asthma, multisystem complaints, peripheral eosinophilia
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Churg-Strauss Syndrome
(Allergic Angitis and Granulomatosis) |
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What is the treatment of Churg-Strauss Syndrome
(Allergic Angitis and Granulomatosis) |
cyclophosphamide and prednisone
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Whcu Pneumoconioses is associated with:
1. small round opacities throughout the lungs Increased incidence TB 2. Opacities in upper lung, Alveolar macrophages 3. Risk of lung cancer, associated with mesothelioma |
1. Silicosis
2. Coal Miners Pneumoconiasis 3. Asbestosis |
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What kind of substance can cause an embolus when assicated with:
1. Central lines 2. Active Labor 3. Long Bone Fracture 4. Deep Calf Vein |
1. Central lines (air)
2. Active Labor (Amniotic fluid) 3. Long Bone Fracture (fat) 4. Deep Calf Vein (thrombus) |
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In wat disease do you see Westermark sign or Hamptons hump on CXR?
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PE
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What is gold standard to diagnose PE?
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Pulmonary angiography
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Can you give warfarin in pregnancy?
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NO!
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What is the most common organism of acute bronchiolitis?
|
RSV
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Where do you see a patient getting into sniffing or tripod position?
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Acute epiglottitis
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Treatment in a patient that has thumb print sign on lateral x-ray/
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Humidified Oxygen and IV fluids
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What is the age group affected by epiglotittis?
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3-7 years
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Iv antibiotics for epiglotittis?
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Ceftriaxone or Cefuroximine
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Croup infecting organism?
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Parainfluenza
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Steeple sign, barking cough?
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Laryngotracheobrochitis (Croup)
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What class of immunoglobulin is responsible for urticaria (hives and angioedema?
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IgE
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Which class of immunoglobulin is associated with food allergies?
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IgE
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What are the most common food allergies?
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Dairy products, eggs, nuts
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What drug is the most common cause of true allergic reactions?
|
Penicillin
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How long after exposure to an allergen does anaphylaxis occur/
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seconds to 1 hour
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After Penicillin, what is the most common cause of anaphylaxis-related deaths?
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Insect bites
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What is the antidote for B-blocker?
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Glucagon
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Are the nodules of erythema nodosum symmetrical or asymmetrical?
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Symmetrical
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a patient presents with fever, acute polyarthritis or migratory arthritis a few weeks after a bout of strep pharyngitis. what disease dhould be suspected?
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Acute Rheumatic fever
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what is the treatment for Acute Rheumatic fever?
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Peniciliin or erythromycin
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What is Lhermitte sign in ankylosing Spondylitis?
|
Sensation of electric shock that radiates down the back when the neck is flexed, may also be present in rheumatoid arthritis and MS
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What syndrome may lead to corneal irritation, ulceration, and infection?
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Sjorgrens Syndrome
(Dry mouth, Dry eyes) |
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What organisms are typically responsible for the septic arthritis and oseteomylitis in the immunocompetent adult?
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Staph and Psuedomonas
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Which organism is most often responsible for pneumonia is Diabetics?
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Klebsiella/Staph Aureus
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facultative intracellular parasite that can grown on charcoal yeast agar, name the pneumonia? |
Legionella Pneumonia |
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What is the treatment for Legionella Pneumonia?
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Erythromycin
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Which antibiotic is rarely used in the united states due to its side effect aplastic anemia?
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Chlorampenicol
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Which drug is most common agent associated with antibiotic induced pseudomembranous colitis due to clostridium difficle?
|
Clindamycin
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Which Asthma drug is preferred in patients with heart disease because it does not cause tachycardia?
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Ipratropium
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What is the MAO of Zafirukast?
|
Leukotriene receptor inhibitor
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What is the treatment of choice for mycoplasma pneumonia?
|
Doxycycline
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What is the only definitive way to diagnose pneumonia?
|
Infiltrates present on CXR
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What strongly suggest the need to initiate home ocygen therapy?
|
Resting arterial PaO2 of less than 55 mmHg
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T or F, High concentrations of inspired oxygen delivered through a ventilator may cause pulmonary fibrosis?
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True
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What vitamin deficiency is common in a child with cystic fibrosis?
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Vitamin A
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Deficiency of sphingomylinase?
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Niemann pick disease
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Potts disease could be associated with an absecess of which muscle?
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Psoas Major
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How do you manage a calcified lung nodule less than 6 cm?
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Repeat CXR every 3 months for 2 years. If no change in 2 years, no need for further evaluation.
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Autosommal recessive disease
that leaves Iron deposits in liver, heart and pancrease, bronze hyperpigmentation of the skin? |
Primary Hemochromotosis
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How do patients get secondary hemochromotosis?
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massive amounts of blood tranfusion over years
|
|
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.Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
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Goodpasture syndrome
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Primary anti-mitochondrial antibodies
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Primary Biliary Sclerosis
|
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Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies
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Wegner's Granulomatosis
|
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Anti-parietel cell antibodies
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Autoimmune pernicious anemia
|
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Anti-smooth muscle antibodies
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Autoimmune hepatitis
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What B-blocker can be used for an asthmatic patient with hyperthyroidism
|
Metoprolol (selective B-1 agonist)
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Loading of O2 is facilitated when the oxygen-dissociation curve shifts to the
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Left
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Unloading of O2 is facilitated when the oxygen-dissociation curve shifts to the
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Right shift
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How can you make a definitive diagnosis of sarcoidosis?
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Biopsy of the medialstinal nodes
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eggshell calcification of enlarged hilar lymph nodes
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chronic silicosis
|
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What is the current recommended treatment regimen for tuberculosis patients in the United States who are immunocompetent?
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six months of INH and RIF with initial 2 months of PZA and SM or EMB
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expiratory film. visceral pleural line chest film and a "deep sulcus sign" on a supine film.
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Small pneumothorax
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When giving Clarithromycin what concerns should there be with a patient on theophylin?
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Clarithromycin may rise theophylin levels more than 20%
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Harsh, barking, seal-like cough, inspiratory
stridor, |
Parainfluenza 1
Croup |
|
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Posteroanterior (PA) neck film
Steeple Sign |
Croup (Parainfluenza)
|
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Patient with fever post op 1-3 days.
Ipsilateral Diaphram elevation Tracheal deviation to affect side Daignosis? |
Atelectasis
Wind (Atelectasis) 1-3 days Water (UTI) 3-5 days Wound 5-7 days Walk (DVT) 4-8 days Wonder Drug Whopper (abscess) |
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