Public Speaking Flashcards

Front 1

Hand gestures and facial expressions are both examples of ____.

Back 1

Nonverbal symbols

Front 2

Speakers who post their speeches online use the internet as their ____.

Back 2

Channel

Front 3

____ the values, traditions, and rules for living that are passed between generations that influence all aspects of a person's life.

Back 3

Culture

Front 4

In the ____ stage speech preparation, speakers generate ideas for their speeches.

Back 4

Invention

Front 5

Though effective ____, speakers state their ideas clearly, make their ideas memorable, and avoid bias.

Back 5

Style

Front 6

Speakers who practice can work on their ____ ____, the ability to speak naturally and confidently without reading from notes.

Back 6

Extemporaneous delivery

Front 7

People who vary their behaviors in different circumstances are said to practice ____.

Back 7

Situational Ethics

Front 8

Speakers who commit ____ mislead the audience by leaving relevant information unsaid.

Back 8

Omission

Front 9

____ ____ or, widely known and disseminated information, requires no direct citation in speech making.

Back 9

Common knowledge

Front 10

____ the first step in effective listening, involves actively thinking about the verbal and nonverbal cues of the message.

Back 10

Processing

Front 11

The ability to remember information that is heard is known as ____.

Back 11

Retention

Front 12

Written or oral feedback after a speech, known as a ____ ____, helps speakers learn from their experiences.

Back 12

Speech Critique

Front 13

Characteristics such as, age, religious orientation, and sexual orientation combine to create a picture of a person's ____.

Back 13

Demographic

Front 14

The beliefs, values, and experiences speakers and audiences share are known as ____.

Back 14

Common Ground

Front 15

To be able to analyze an audience in the moment - that is, to conduct ____ audience analysis - allows speakers to react when audiences fail to understand or embrace their messages.

Back 15

Situational

Front 16

When a speech has a ____ purpose, it is intended to be educational.

Back 16

Informative

Front 17

At the close of a ____ speech, the audience should be inspired to consider or adopt a new position or belief, strengthen an existing, belief, or take action.

Back 17

Persuasive

Front 18

A speech delivered on the ____ ____ is generally entertaining or emotionally moving.

Back 18

Special occasion

Front 19

When people become prejudiced and develop biases, they lose the ability to demonstrate ____.

Back 19

Objectively

Front 20

The ____, of sources factors into credibility, because newer evidence is generally more reliable than older evidence.

Back 20

Timeliness

Front 21

In general, articles in scholarly journals undergo ____ ____, a process of approval by other experts in the field.

Back 21

Peer Review

Front 22

In presentations, ____ are samples or instances that support or illustrate speakers general claims.

Back 22

Examples

Front 23

____ testimony is likely to increase audience members acceptance of speakers claims because it comes from sources with professional or in-depth knowledge of a topic.

Back 23

Expert

Front 24

Supporting data that come in numeric form, known as ____, help listeners quantify points and understand how often situations occur.

Back 24

Statistics

Front 25

One key to a well-organized speech, ____, involves creating a hierarchy of main points and the information that supports them.

Back 25

Subordination

Front 26

In addition to subordination, the outlines of a well-organized speeches demonstrate the principle of ____, which means that all main points are at the same level of significance.

Back 26

Coordination

Front 27

____ such as "finally" or "according to" - are words/phrases that help audiences understand a speech's structure.

Back 27

Signposts

Front 28

A ____ question is meant to be answered in one's head, not aloud.

Back 28

Rhetorical

Front 29

Speakers with ____ have earned their audiences trust because because they know what they're talking about.

Back 29

Credibility

Front 30

In a speech's conclusion, the ____ leaves a lasting impression on the audience.

Back 30

Clincher

Front 31

____ is the process of organizing the content of a speech in structured form.

Back 31

Outlining

Front 32

____, which is used to support speech claims, is cited using such pieces of information as an author's name and qualifications, the source publication, and the date of the publication.

Back 32

Evidence

Front 33

In a speech outline, a ____ serves to list all sources cited in a speech, using such information as author name and publication name and date.

Back 33

Bibliography

Front 34

____, also known as word choice, can help speakers connect with their audiences as well as convey their messages effectively.

Back 34

Diction

Front 35

____ specialized or technical words or phrases that are familiar to people in a particular field or group - includes technical terms as well as abbreviations, acronyms, and slang.

Back 35

Jargon

Front 36

Mental impressions, or ____ paint graphic pictures of scenes, inspiring listeners to experience spoken words with their senses.

Back 36

Imagery

Front 37

In public speaking, presenters who have learned to use their voices to enhance their messages have mastered ____ delivery skills.

Back 37

Vocal

Front 38

____ refers to the crispness or clarity of spoken words.

Back 38

Articulation

Front 39

During presentations, the principle of ____ determines how much space and space distance speakers place between themselves and their audience.

Back 39

Proxemics

Front 40

Using slices, a ____ chart shows how proportions, and percentages (%) relate to one another.

Back 40

Pie

Front 41

A ____ ____ is a better choice than a picture if a speaker wants to show a moving process, such as an eagle using its speed and talons to capture prey.

Back 41

Video Clip

Front 42

Whether numbers, letters, words, sentences, and graphics can be easily distinguished on visual aids is a function of those aids ____.

Back 42

Legibility

Front 43

As a technique in informative speaking, an ____ traces a line of reasoning or series of casual connections between two events.

Back 43

Explaination

Front 44

A presentation focused on how to saddle a horse qualifies as a ____ because it pairs physical modeling and verbal elements with the use of props and visual aids.

Back 44

Demonstration

Front 45

A series of steps or stages that lead to a particular outcome, also known as a ____, can be classified as a micro/macro in an informative presentation.

Back 45

Process

Front 46

Maslows hierarchy of ____, which classifies the human desires and feeling that must be satisfied, has five levels ranging from physiological at the bottom, or most basic, to self-actualization at the top.

Back 46

Needs

Front 47

____ beliefs, which are particularly immune to persuasion, are viewpoints people hold closely, often for many years.

Back 47

Core

Front 48

Often used with policy claims in persuasive speeches, a ____ sequence aims to establish five points, starting with attention and ending with action.

Back 48

Motivated

Front 49

A speaker with ____, or credibility, has far more persuasive power than one without.

Back 49

Ethos

Front 50

When speakers present trustworthy facts to back their claims and clearly show how those facts led them to those claims, they use ____ effectively.

Back 50

Logos

Front 51

An emotional appeal, or ____, helps a speaker put a human face on a problem addressed in a speech.

Back 51

Pathos

Front 52

____ rhetoric-speaking that praises or blames - was one of the three genres of oratory identified by the fourth-century B.C.E. Greek philosopher Aristotle.

Back 52

Epideictic

Front 53

As a special-occasion speech, a ____ comments on the passing of an individual, celebrates that individual's life, and often shares personal reflections about the deceased.

Back 53

Eulogy

Front 54

During a presentation speech, a speaker should adopt the ____, or personality of a presenter, which involves demonstrating authority as a presenter by speaking respectfully and knowledgeably about the subject.

Back 54

Persona

Front 55

The way in which group members relate to one another and view their functions, known as ____ ____, can determine whether a group achieves its mission.

Back 55

Group Dynamics

Front 56

The ____, which is one type of maintenance role in the group, serves to decrease tension in a group, perhaps by using humor at an appropriate point or making positive or optimistic comments.

Back 56

Harmonizer

Front 57

In a panel discussion, the person who is responsible for introducing the panelists and the facilitating their discussion is known as the ____.

Back 57

Moderator