Public Health Test #1

Front 1

How does Webster's Dictionary define health?

Back 1

"physical and mental well-being: freedom from disease"

Front 2

How does WHO define health?

Back 2

"health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"

Front 3

How can we define health?

Back 3

"having a close relationship among our mind, our body, our health and society"

Front 4

"The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical and mental efficiency through organized community efforts…"

Back 4

Winslow, 1920

Front 5

Public Health is "what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy"

Back 5

The Institute of Medicine

Front 6

What are 4 things that public health does? (There are more, but these are the ones she told us to highlight)

Back 6

1. Determines the health status of the community 2. Identifies populations potentially affected or at risk for a particular problem 3. Analyzes the dimensions of the problem through the use of epidemiologic methodology 4. and then plans, implements and evaluates the appropriate interventions

Front 7

What criteria do public health problems need to meet?

Back 7

1. A condition or situation that is widespread actual or potential cause of morbidity or mortality 2. An existing perception that the condition is a public health problem on the art of the public, government, or public health agency

Front 8

Name the 10 greatest public health accomplishments of the 20th century

Back 8

1. Vaccinations 2. Motor-vehicle safety 3. safer workplaces 4. control of infectious diseases 5. decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke 6. safer and healthier food 7. healthier mothers and babies 8. family planning 9. fluoridation of drinking water 10. recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard

Front 9

What are the 4 levels of public health?

Back 9

1. International (WHO - World Health Organization) 2. Federal (Dept. of Health and Human Services) 3. State 4. Local

Front 10

What are 3 things WHO deals with?

Back 10

1. Disease outbreaks 2. Crises and emergencies 3. disasters

Front 11

Who published Healthy People 2020?

Back 11

Department of Health & Human Services (Federal level)

Front 12

What are 4 more important agencies under Public Health Services?

Back 12

1. CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 2. HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration) 3. NIH - National Institutes of Health 4. AHRQ - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)

Front 13

What are the 3 core public health functions?

Back 13

1. Assessment 2. Policy Development 3. Assurance

Front 14

What is the definition/description of Assessment?

Back 14

Health surveillance system; collects, assembles and analyzes info on health of community

Front 15

What is the definition/description of Policy Development?

Back 15

Decisions, goals and strategies made about problems, and resources allocated

Front 16

What is the definition/description of Assurance?

Back 16

Makes certain all receive the services needed

Front 17

What and when was the 1st Phase of the History of Public Health?

Back 17

1849-1900; elimination and control of diseases due to poor living conditions, industrialization and crowding; efforts were directed at basic sanitation methods

Front 18

Who is Ignaz Semmelweis and what phase of the history of public health was he involved in?

Back 18

He introduced importance of handwashing; 1st phase

Front 19

What and when was the 2nd Phase of the history of public health?

Back 19

1880-1930; population based prevention strategies; immunizations and bacteriology

Front 20

What and when was the 3rd Phase of the history of public Health?

Back 20

1930-1975; eradicated and cured many major infections; treatment of disease through complex medical treatments; occurred in hospitals rather than communities

Front 21

What and when was the 4th phase of the history of public health?

Back 21

currently; a broader approach to health; disease prevention; overall wellness rather than just prevention of specific diseases

Front 22

What are the guiding principles to public health solutions?

Back 22

1. Not hazardous to life or function 2. effective in reducing or preventing the disease or condition 3. easily and efficiently implemented 4. potency maintained for a substantial period of time 5. attainable regardless of socioeconomic status 6. effective immediately upon application 7. inexpensive and within the means of the community

Front 23

Name 4 Oral Health Disparities

Back 23

1. Black, Non-Hispanic 2. Hispanics 3. American Indians 4. Alaska Natives

Front 24

Why are certain groups considered oral health disparities?

Back 24

1. limited knowledge 2. limited access 3. no knowledge of english language 4. inadequate finances

Front 25

What is Healthy People 2020?

Back 25

healthypeople.gov; designed to track, motivate, guide organizations on what their health objectives should be; focuses on eliminating Health Disparities

Front 26

What is the National Call to Action, and who issues it?

Back 26

Issued by the Surgeon General; it is a science-based document to stimulate action nationwide to solve a major public health problem; provides a framework for health-related organizations to collaborate and help reduce disparities; calls for action wo to work on 5 areas

Front 27

What are the 5 areas to work on given by the National Call to Action?

Back 27

1. Change perceptions of Oral Health 2. Overcome barriers by replicating effective programs and proven efforts 3. build the science base and accelerate science transfer 4. Increase oral health workforce diversity, capacity and flexibility 5. increase collaborations

Front 28

What is the National Oral Health Surveillance System?

Back 28

(NOHSS) Collects and analyzes oral health data; has 9 catagories

Front 29

What is the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research?

Back 29

(NIDCR) Their mission is to improve dental, oral, and craniofacial health through research, research training, and the dissemination of health information

Front 30

What is Medicare?

Back 30

65 or older, under 65 if certain disabilities, no coverage for dental health

Front 31

What is Medicaid?

Back 31

Federal-state health insurance for low-income and needy people; oral health mandatory for children but not for adults

Front 32

What is CHIP

Back 32

State Children's Health Insurance Program; jointly funded by federal and state; up to 19 yrs old; includes oral health care

Front 33

What are Federal Block Grants?

Back 33

A lump sum of money given to a group to use at their discretion to meet a need; cover some dental services, especially for kids; ex: The Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant Title V, Preventative Health and Human Services

Front 34

What is WIC?

Back 34

Women, Infants and Children's program; dental hygien offered in some states; for low-income pregnant, breast feeding (and non) women and also infants and children found to be at nutritional risk

Front 35

What is Head Start/Early Head Start?

Back 35

For preschool children; federally funded