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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Attack Rate
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The proportion of individuals in a given population which develop a disease during a specific time period
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Cluster
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A group of individuals with a specific disease which are very similar in their time and place of occurrence or both
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Etiology
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The specific cause of a disease in a population
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Endemic
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The average or normal number of causes of a disease in a certain population
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Exposure
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To contact or possess a characteristic which is believed to influence the risk of acquiring a specific disease
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Fomite
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An inanimate object that may carry a pathogen (towel or underwear)
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Immunity
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Resistance to disease
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Natural Active Immunity
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The body produces its own antibodies naturally. Long lasting
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Passive Immunity
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THe body does not produce its own antibodies. Short lasting
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Natural Passive Immunity
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The passage of antibodies from the mother to the baby for about the first 6 months of the baby's life. Rich source of antibodies
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Artificial Active Immunity
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The introduction of an antigen that cases the formation of antibodies. These are called inoculations (polio)
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Artificial Passive Immunity
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Antibodies from another person or animal that are injected into a human (tetanus)
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Incidence Rate
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Total number of new cases of a disease measured within a calendar year
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Incubation Period
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The time between contact and demonstration of clinical evidence that a disease is present.
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Morbidity
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State of Illness. The morbidity rate is the number of people that are ill
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Mortality
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Death Rate. The mortality rate is the number of people dead
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Pathognomonics
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THe specific characteristics of a disease
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Prevalence Rate
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Total number of cases of disease both old and new
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Risk
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The probability that an event will occur during a specific time frame
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Surveillance
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An ongoing observation of a population used to detect any rapid changes of occurrence of a specific disease
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Survival
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The probability of remaining alive for a specific amount of time after having been diagnosed with a particular disease
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Susceptibility
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No specific resistance to a disease
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Validity
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The extent to which a study correctly represents the characteristics of interest
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Virulence
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The degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism (aids)
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Bactericidal
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Causing death of live bacteria
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Bacteriostatic
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Preventing the growth of bacteria
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