Psyco 104 U Of A

Front 1

Instinct theory

Back 1

heredity plays a strong role in motivation, all other motivators help us to survive and reproduce

Front 2

What is mtoivation?

Back 2

a process that influences our direct, persistance, and vigour of goal directed behvious

Front 3

Modern evolutionary psychology

Back 3

motivated to engage in behaviours that will increase survival chances

Front 4

Modern evolutionary psychology is adaptive to what?

Back 4

the environment and current context

Front 5

What type of system does hemeostasis rely on?

Back 5

closed loop control

Front 6

What is the relationship between homeostasis and Drive theory?

Back 6

Drive theory states that a disruption to homeostasis will push an organism to action to return to homeostasis

Front 7

What are incenttives?

Back 7

stimuli that pull an organism towards a goal

Front 8

What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?

Back 8

extrinsic: perform activity for an external goal

intrinsic: doing an activity for self-satisfaction

Front 9

What is the overjustification hypothesis?

Back 9

once we begin to be payed for an activity we no longer find it intrinsically satisfying

Front 10

how does Freud's psychodynamic view on motivation differ from modern theorists?

Back 10

Freud: strong aggressive and sexual motives

Modern: self esteem and belonging

Front 11

Regarding the humanistic view what are Deficiency needs, human growth needs, self actualization?

Back 11

Deficiency: physical and social survival

growth: develop ones potential

actualization: peak of the mountain

Front 12

What are the 3 compnents of self determination theory?

Back 12

autonomy: free choice

competence: master challenges

relatedness: form meaningful bonds

Front 13

What is a challenge to Maxwell's hierarchy of needs?

Back 13

there are some individuals who live reclusive lifestyles yet are very happy and fulfilled

Front 14

T or F

Hunger is linked to immediate energy needs

Back 14

False

Front 15

With regard to homeostatic balance what is the set point?

Back 15

a certain weight which our body tries to maintain, homeostatic mechanisms will balance energy expenditure and intake to maintain this point

Front 16

What hormones initiate and reduce hunger?

Back 16

Grellin released form stomach increases hunger

CCK released by small intestine when food is present reduces hunger

Front 17

What type of tissue excretes Leptin

Back 17

Leptin excreted by fat cells to reduce hunger and increase energy expenditure

Front 18

What are the 3 main hormones that regulate hunger and how to affect it?

Back 18

Leptin: reduce hunger

CCK: reduce huner

Neuropeptide Y: increase hunger

Front 19

this part of the brain is responsible for stimulating eating

Back 19

Lateral Hypothalamus

Front 20

This part of the brain is responsible for the cesation of eating

Back 20

Ventromedial hypothalamus

Front 21

Where is neuropeptide Y secreted from?

Back 21

paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

Front 22

what misconception do males and females have about ideal body image?

Back 22

males overestimate how bulky they need to be

females overestimate how thin they need to be

Front 23

these researchers had the sex lab

Back 23

Masters and Johnson

Front 24

are are the most and least sexually active demographics?

Back 24

cohabitating adults = most active

single adults = least active

Front 25

what are the 4 stages of sexual arousal?

Back 25

excitement

plateau

orgasm

resolution

Front 26

what part of the brain controls the pituitary gland>

Back 26

the hypothalamus

Front 27

The pituitary gland secretes gonadotropins which will cause tthe release of what?

Back 27

androgens (males) and estrogens (females)

Front 28

what class of hormones are the primary influence behind sexual drive in both males and females?

Back 28

androgens

Front 29

What do we see a massive release of during the orgasm phase?

Back 29

endorphins and dopamine which hyperactivate the reward centers of the brain

Front 30

what are two competing theories for the effect of pornography?

Back 30

social learning theory

catharsis theory

Front 31

Catharsis theory

Back 31

Freudian concepts arguing that pornography offers a safe outlet for aggressive and sexual urges

Front 32

Social Learning theory

Back 32

Learn through observation, those who consume porn will become more sexually aggressive and active

Front 33

What are the 3 components of the current 3 dimensional theory of sexual orientation

Back 33

self identity

self attraction

actual behaviour

Front 34

What structure is responsible for regulating emotion?

Back 34

prefrontal cortex

Front 35

What are the 3 primary structures responsible for emotion?

Back 35

hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus

Front 36

What are the two pathways for emotion?

Back 36

1. directly to amygdala for fast reaction

2. includes cerebral cortex for slower cognitive appraisal

Front 37

Which types of emotions does each hemisphere of the brain relate to?

Back 37

left positive

right negative

Front 38

What principle is the polygraph test based on?

Back 38

that emotional stress created by lying will cause an acute increase in the level of physiological arousal

Front 39

The fact that most basic emotions are expressed in similar ways across many cultures is evidence for what?

Back 39

fundamental emotional patterns

Front 40

What are the 3 main categories in the hierarchy of emotions

Back 40

Universal: positive and negative, appear first

Basic: appear later

Subtle: influenced by culture and derived from basic emotions

Front 41

how do cultural display rules influence emotions?

Back 41

they dictate when and how emotions are expressed

Front 42

What are instrumental behaviours?

Back 42

directed at achieving a goal

Front 43

Between the James-Lange somatic theory of emotions and the cannon-bard theory which has more scientific support?

Back 43

Cannon-Bard

Front 44

James-Lange Somatic theory of emotion

Back 44

Physiological arousal will lead influence the emotions produced

Front 45

Cannon-Bard Theory of emotions

Back 45

stimuli go through cognitive processing then produce emotions and a physiological response at the same time

Front 46

What is the defining feature of the cognitive-affective theory?

Back 46

A stimulus must go through a cognitive appraisal before an emotional response occurs. What may stimulate fear in some may not in others

Front 47

What is Lazarus theory?

Back 47

all stimuli undergo appraisal on a conscious level or not

Front 48

in two factor theory what do arousal and cognitive labelling determine?

Back 48

arousal: how strongly we feel

labelling: what we feel