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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sensation
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The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
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Perception
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The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
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Bottom-up processing
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Analysis that begins with the sense receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information
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Top-down processing
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Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
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Psychophysics
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The study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them
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Absolute threshold
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The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
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Signal Detection Theory
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Predicts how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimuli (“signal”) amid background stimulation (“noise”). Assumes that there is no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a person’s experience, expectations, motivations, and level of fatigue
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Subliminal Stimulation
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Below one’s absolute threshold for conscious awareness
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Difference threshold
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The minimum difference that a person can detect between two stimuli. We experience the difference threshold as a just noticeable difference
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Weber’s Law
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The principle, that, to perceive their difference, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)
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