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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Schizophrenia |
A severe psychotic disorder characterised by marked impairment to cognition, emotion and behaviour. |
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Define Psychosis |
Name given to state of mental illness which involves an inability to distinguish fantasy from reality |
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Definition of positive symptoms |
Symptoms that involve an excess of normal functioning |
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Definition of negative symptoms |
Symptoms that involve an absence or reduction of normal functioning |
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Examples of cognitive symptoms |
Delusions Alogia |
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Examples of emotional symptoms |
Emotional lability Affective flattening |
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Example of behavioural symptoms |
Avolition |
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Example of physical symptoms |
Catatonia |
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Example of perceptual symptoms |
Hallucinations |
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Define delusions |
False beliefs which are bizarre and not in touch with reality |
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Define alogia |
An absence/reduction in verbal expression and not gaining any pleasure through a behaviour |
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Define emotional lability |
An inability to display appropriate emotional responses |
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Define affective flattening |
A reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression |
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Define avolition |
A reluctance to engage in goal-directed behaviour |
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Define catatonia |
Sporadic alternation between death-like stupour and periods of agitated movement |
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Define hallucinations |
False sensory input |
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Diagnostic criteria |
If you have any of the symptoms If any levels of activity after the onset are lesser than before the onset (after a month) If signs of disturbance persist for 6 months |
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Symptoms which appear in uni-polar/bipolar depression as well as Schizophrenia |
Uni: Avolition Affective flattening Bi: Delusions Hallucinations |
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Cognitive explanations for hallucinations |
Failure to distinguish between internal imagery and external sensory input. Personal thought attributed to "alien"/external voice |
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Cognitive explanations for Delusions |
Egocentric bias exaggerates the patient's perception of themself ad central to events, leading to distortex interpretations. Confirmation bias hinders reality testing of the person's delusions. |
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Cognitive explanations for hallucinations reinforcing delusions |
Initial denial of sensory experience by others may be interpreted as a collective deception. Increased anxiety causes delusions to intensify. |
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Phases of CBTp |
Assessment Engagement ABC Explanation Normalisation Critical Collaborative Analysis Developing Alyernative Explanations Homework |
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Define Assessment as a phase of CBTp |
Patients share experiences, providing context and realistic goals with therapist |
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Definr Engagement as a phase of CBTp |
Therapist emphasises with patient's experiences, establishing therapeutic rapport/use distress to focus motivation |
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Define ABC Exploration as a phase of CBTp |
Emphasise link between thought and behaviour, helps challenge delusions |
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Define Normalisation as a phase of CBTp |
Emphasise possibility of recovery and reduce stigma/alienation |
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Define critical collaborative analysis as a phase of CBTp |
Symptoms are meaningful in context of patient's experience, encouraging patients to evaluate content of delusions/hallucinations |
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Define developing alternative explanations as a phase of CBTp |
Emphasising ABC and promotes idral thoughts can be controlled |
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Define Homework as a phase of CBTp |
Brhavioural assignements set to challenge the self beliefs and replace maladaptive coping styles |
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Diathesis vs Stress examples |
Disthesis: In Utero Viral Infection Genetic Heredity Birth Complications Stress: Drug Abuse Poverty Personal Trauma Urbanisation Family Dynamics |
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Define Family Therapy |
Group therapy intervention aimed at addressing family dynamics and providing family members and patients with a range of coping strategies to support them in management and/or recovery |
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Key features of Family Therapy |
Awareness Reduced Expressed Emotions Manage Expactations Practical Support |
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Defind Awareness as a feature of fsmily therapy |
Family is given insight into nature of condition and implications of trestment recovery process |
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Define reducing EE as a festure offamily therapy |
Discussion of dynamics in context of family experiences, recognising triggers, and exploring alternstive reactions |
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Define managing expectations as a festure of family therapy |
Balance patient boundsries/freedom and discuss prognosis |
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Define practical support as a feature of family therapy |
Consider what each family member can do and discuss services available to reduce burden of care |
