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9 Cards in this Set
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Theory of Moral Development: Lawrence Kholberg Information / Rule: |
Identified 3 levels of moral reasoning. People could only pas through levels in order.
Each new stage replaces the reasoning of earlier stage
(NB! Not everyone achieves all stages) |
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Theory of Moral Development: Name 3 levels and 2 stages under each: |
Level 1: Preconventional - “motivated by self intrest” Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment orientation Stage 2: Individualism and exchange
Levels 2: Conventional - “Motivated by conformity to social norms” Stage 3: Maintaining good relationships Stage 4: Social concern and conscience OR maintaining of social order
Level 3: Post Conventional - “Motivated by abstract moral principles” Stage 5: Social contract or Individuals rights or Democratically accepted law Stage 6: Morality of Universal ethical principles |
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Theory of Moral Development: Describe Level 1 - Stage 1: Name + Description + Primary motive |
Level 1: Preconventional Stage 1: Obedience and punishment orientation Description: The individual is good in order to avoid punishment. * If a person is being punished, they must have done wrong.
Primary motivation: Avoid punishment + (showing obedience to authority) |
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Theory of Moral Development: Describe Level 1 - Stage 2: Name + Description + Primary motive |
Level 1: Preconventional Stage 2: Instrumental orientation or Individualism and exchange Description: The individual recognises that there is not just one right view handed down by authority, and individuals have different view points. Primary motivation: - Reward - Serve own's needs - Reciprocal benefit *a more relativistic view, where the are concerned more about/with the potential returns for their behaviour, in form of rewards or reciprocal benefit. |
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Theory of Moral Development: Describe Level 2 - Stage 3: Name + Description + Primary motive |
Level 2: Conventional Stage 3: Maintaining good relationships or Good boy / Nice girl orientation Description: The individual is good in order to be seen as a good person by others Primary motivation: Gain approval / avoid disapproval |
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Theory of Moral Development: Describe Level 2 - Stage 4: Name + Description + Primary motive |
Level 2: Conventional Stage 4: Social concern and conscience or Maintaining social order or Authority maintaining orientation Description: The individual becomes aware of the wider rules of society Obeys rules in order to uphold the law + avoid guilt / harm Primary motivation: Uphold laws and avoid harm |
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Theory of Moral Development: Describe Level 3 - Stage 5: Name + Description + Primary motive |
Level 3: Post conventional Stage 5: Social contract or Individuals rights and democratically accepted law Description: The individual becomes aware that while rules generally generally are good for the greatest number, there are times it works against the individual. Issues aren't always clear cut. eg. Saving the life is more important than the law against stealing Primary motivation: Welfare of all - commitment to rational rules agreed to by all |
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Theory of Moral Development: Describe Level 3 - Stage 6: Name + Description + Primary motive |
Level 3: Post conventional Stage 6: Morality of Universal principles Description: Individuals have their won set of moral values that may or may not fit the law. The principles apply to everyone - human rights, Justice, Equality. - Is willing to pay the consequence of disapproval, but will defend these principles. Primary motivation: Uphold personal principle even if this means breaking the rules. |
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Theory of Moral Development: Criticism |
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