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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Typical errors in thinking |
Hindsight Bias, Overconfidence, and Coincidence |
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Hindsight Bias |
thinking that we "knew it all along" |
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Overconfidence |
We assume we already know things, believe ourselves to be above average |
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Coincidence |
Seeing coincidence as meaningful when it isn't |
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Critical thinking |
Thinking about our thinking while we're thinking to make our thinking better Analyzing info, arguments, and conclusions to decide for yourself if they make sense instead of blindly accepting it |
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The scientific attitude |
curious, skeptical, humble |
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Case study |
Observing and gathering info to compile an in-depth study of one indivdual
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Naturalistic Observation |
Gathering data about behavior; watching but not intervening |
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What is a big problem with case study? |
It can't show general principles that affect us all because it only studies one individual |
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Surveys and Interviews |
Having other people report on thier attitudes and behavior |
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How does wording effect surveys? |
It can completley change people's responses and attitudes |
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Random Sampling |
Technique or making sure every individual in the pop. being studied has an equal chance of being in your sample |
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Correlation |
A measure of how closely two factors vary together; an observation that two traits are related to each other |
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How can we find out about causation? |
By experimentation |
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Experimentation |
Manipulating one factor in a situation to determine it's full effect |
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Independant variable |
the experimental factor that is being manipulated |
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Confounding variable |
not the independant variable but something else that may produce an effect in an experiment |
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dependant variable |
the variable that might change in response to manipulations of the independant variable |
