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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mental images
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mental representations of objects or events that are not physically present; they are memories of visual images, actively constructed and potentially subject to error
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Concepts
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mental category formed to group objects, events or situations that share similar features or characteristics
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Formal Concepts
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made by learning the specific rules or features that define the particular concept
features are called attributes |
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Natural concept
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result of everyday experience; b/c no rules, boundaries are fuzzy
examples: vehicles & fruits |
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definition of Problem solving
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thinking and behavior directed towards attaining a goal that is not readily available
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Trial & Error
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trying a variety of solutions & eliminating those that don't work
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Algorithms
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a procedure or method that when followed stey by step always produces the correct solution
ex. formulas |
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Hueristic
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general rule of thumb strategy that reduces the number of possible solutions and that may or may not work
ex. using the index of a book; breaking into subjects; and working backwards |
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Insight
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sudden flash
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Intuition
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arriving @ a conclusion without conscious awareness
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Functional Fixedness
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viewing only in the usual or customary way
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Mental Testing
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tendency to persist in solving problems with solutions that have worked in the past
example: instead of staring at a problem that you can't figure out, just leave it and do something else, then come back to it. |
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definition of Language
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system for combining arbitrary symbols to produce an infinate number of meaningful statements
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Use of symbols
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may be sounds, written words, or formalized gestures
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There must be an arbitrary connection b/t what in language?
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the symbol and its meaning
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Shared meaning
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by others who speak the language
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Syntax
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structure of language; give symbols meaning
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Generative
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creatively generate an infinite number of new and different phrases and sentences
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Displacement
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communicating meaningfully about things not present, about past, about future, and imaginary things
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